The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea (암석학회지)

The Petrological Society of Korea (한국암석학회)
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Analysis of Global Volcanic Activity during 2018

2018년 지구에서 분화한 화산 활동 분석

  • Yun, Sung-Hyo (Department of Earth Science Education, Pusan National University) ;
  • Ban, Yong-Boo (Volcano Specialized Research Center, Pusan National University) ;
  • Chang, Cheolwoo (Volcano Specialized Research Center, Pusan National University)
  • 윤성효 (부산대학교 지구과학교육과) ;
  • 반용부 (부산대학교 화산특화연구센터) ;
  • 장철우 (부산대학교 화산특화연구센터)
  • Received : 2019.03.11
  • Accepted : 2019.03.28
  • Published : 2019.03.31
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Abstract

Volcanic activity, which can read to various danger and hazards to human life, has been part of the Earth's history for a long time. There are approximately 1,520 volcanoes during the Holocene period (about 10,000 years ago) that have been active on Earth. Recently, there are about 210 volcanoes have been recorded since 2010. Meanwhile, there are 83 known active volcanoes in 2018 based on the USGS data. Approximately 80-90 volcanoes are active on Earth for over a year. More than 90% of these volcanoes are located on the circum-Pacific volcanic belt, commonly known as 'Ring of Fire'. This high number of active volcanoes within this area coincides with the distribution maps of active volcanoes on the earth: about 80% on subduction zone of the convergent plate boundaries; 15% on divergent plate boundaries and 5% on intra-plate zone. Five volcanoes are most active during the survey period of 51 weeks: 50 times in Aira (Japan), 49 times in Sabankaya (Peru), 49 times in Sheveluch (Russia), 44 times in Ebeko (Russia) and 40 times in Kirishimayama (Japan). Based on the available data about volcanic activity, there is no significant change in volcanic activity and similar levels of volcanic activity is observed every year.

인류 생활에 큰 위험과 많은 피해를 가져오는 화산활동은 오랫동안 지구의 역사와 함께 지속되어 왔다. 홀로세에 해당하는 약 1만 년 전부터 현재까지의 시기 동안 분화 이력이 있는 활화산들은 대략 1,520개로 알려져 있다. 이들 중 2010년 이후에 활동하고 있는 화산체들은 약 210여 개에 달한다. 2018년(2018년 1월 3일~12월 18일; USGS 자료)에 활동한 화산은 83개이다. 대략 지구상에서 1년간 평균 80~90여 개의 화산이 활동 중이며, 이 중에 90% 이상이 환태평양 화산대인 "불의 고리"(Ring of Fire)에 분포한다. 이는 지구상에 분포하는 활화산들의 80% 가량이 판의 수렴경계부에, 그리고 15% 가량이 발산경계부에, 나머지 5%가 판 내부에 위치하는 것과 잘 일치한다. 조사기간인 51주 중 특히 Aira(일본, 50회), Sabankaya(페루, 49회), Sheveluch(러시아, 49회), Ebeko(러시아, 49회), 그리고 Kirishimayama(일본, 40회)등 5개 화산에서 빈번한 화산 활동이 발생하였다. 화산활동의 뚜렷한 증감은 발생하지 않았으며 매년 비슷한 수준의 활동이 발생하고 있다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Changes in the annual number of volcanic activities on earth during the period of 2001–2018.

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Fig. 2. Changes in the annual number of volcanic eruptions on earth at 2017 and 2018.

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Fig 3. Changes in the annual number of volcanic eruptions of Japan, Russia, Indonesia, Philippines, and USA from 2001 to 2018.

Table 1. List of erupted volcanoes during 2018 by country

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Table 2. Geographical distribution of volcanoes erupted in 2018

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Table 3. Total frequency of weekly volcanic eruption activities on earth (2018)

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Table 3. Continued

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Table 4. The number of volcanic activities in 2018 in neighboring countries around the Korean peninsula

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Table 4. Continued

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