Three-dimensional fine S-wave velocity structure around the source area of the Sichuan Luxian MS6.0 earthquake on September 16, 2021
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摘要:
近年来, 四川盆地南缘(川南)中强地震频次增多和地震活动性增强, 2021年9月16日四川省泸州市泸县MS6.0地震的发生再次引起国内外学者对川南地区深部孕震环境和潜在地震危险性的密切关注.为了探究泸县6.0级地震震区的深部结构特征, 本文基于最新布设于震区70个短周期密集地震台站的观测资料, 采用背景噪声成像法构建了泸县MS6.0震区三维S波精细速度结构.研究结果表明, 研究区内喻家寺向斜和华蓥山断裂带东/西支深部速度结构表现明显非均匀性, 喻家寺向斜构造区在深度3.0 km内表现为低速, 随着深度增加, 速度逐渐增大.华蓥山断裂带东、西支除了存在局部低速非均匀体, 整体上表现为NE-SW展布的高速特征.泸县震源区西侧4.0~6.0 km深度呈现低速异常, 东侧则表现高速异常分布, 主震位于高低速分界带, 震区周边存在大范围的明显线状几何特征的地震分布, 震源深度优势分布层位主要集中在3.0~5.0 km之间.综合已有的资料分析, 主震西侧的低速异常区指示着该处可能存在流体, 推测泸县6.0级地震可能是在区域构造应力和流体扰动的作用下, 泸县震区的先存隐伏断层发生错动所致.
Abstract:In recent years, the frequency of moderate and strong earthquakes and the intensity of seismicity in the southern margin of Sichuan Basin increase significantly. The occurrence of the Luxian MS6.0 earthquake on 16 September 2021, located in Luzhou City of Sichuan Province, have once again attracted the attention of domestic and foreign researchers for the seismogenic environment and potential seismic hazards in southern Sichuan. In order to explore the deep structure around the source area of the Luxian MS6.0 earthquake, based on the dense array composed of 70 short-period seismic stations, a high-resolution 3-D S wave velocity model is constructed with the method of ambient noise tomography. The results show that the velocity varies significantly beneath Yujiasi syncline and Huayingshan fault's eastern/western branches. The velocity structure beneath the Yujiasi syncline exhibits low within the depth of 3.0 km, and as the depth increases, the velocity gradually increases. The eastern and western branches of the Huayingshan fault zone shows high velocity in the NE-SW direction generally, except for several local low velocity anomaly zones. It shows low velocity anomaly to the west of the Luxian earthquake source area at depths of 4.0~6.0 km, and high velocity to the east. The Luxian earthquake epicenter is located at the boundary of the high and low velocity zone. The focal depth of the aftershock sequences are mainly between 3.0 and 5.0 km. Combined with the previous studies, the low-velocity zone located west of the epicenter may be interpreted as the effect of fluids. It is speculated that the occurrence of the Luxian MS6.0 earthquake may due to the dislocation of the pre-existing hidden fault under the action of regional tectonic stress and fluids disturbance.
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图 1
四川盆地南部地震活动分布图(观测时段：2012年1月—2022年4月)
Figure 1.
Seismic activity distribution in South Sichuan Basin (Observation time: January 2012—April 2022)
图 2
泸县震区地质构造背景图(据1 ∶ 20万地质图修改)
Figure 2.
Tectonic background map of the Luxian earthquake source area (Modified according to 1 ∶ 200000 Geological Map)
图 3
泸县震区及周边短周期密集地震观测台阵分布图
Figure 3.
The layout of the short-period dense seismic observation array around the Luxian earthquake source area and its surrounding area
图 4
部分台站对不同频带互相关形图
Figure 4.
The cross-correlation functions in different frequency bands at some station pairs
图 5
台间距为25.6 km台站对的Rayleigh波互相关波形(a) 及其群速度频散提取的时频分析(b)图
Figure 5.
Cross-correlation waveform of Rayleigh wave (a) and its time-frequency spectrum analysis (b) of the group velocities at an interstation distance of 25.6 km
图 6
部分台站对Rayleigh波基阶群速度频散曲线图
Figure 6.
Fundamental mode of Rayleigh wave group velocity dispersion curves at some station pairs
图 7
不同周期的二维WRL值空间分布及其频散数据统计图
Figure 7.
The 2-D spatial distribution of the WRL values and its statistical histogram of the dispersions at different periods
图 9
群速度在周期3.2 s反演前后走时残差变化图
Figure 9.
Variation of travel time residuals before and after inversion of the group velocities at the period of 3.2 s
图 10
周期1.6、2.0、2.6、3.2、4.0、4.6、5.6和6.4 s面波二维群速度反演结果图
Figure 10.
2-D Rayleigh wave group velocity maps at the periods of 1.6, 2.0, 2.6, 3.2, 4.0, 4.6, 5.6 and 6.4 s
图 11
网格频散反演结果、数据拟合曲线和不同周期的深度敏感核函数图
Figure 11.
Inversion results of grid dispersion, data fitting curves and depth sensitivity kernels at different periods
图 12
不同深度S波速度和地震序列分布的水平切片图
Figure 12.
Horizontal S-velocity slices and earthquake distribution at different depths
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