Pod yield and phosphorus-use efficiency in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) as influenced by citric acid and its delivery methods under a semi-arid agro-ecosystem

R.S. JAT; H.N. MEENA

doi:10.59797/ija.v59i1.4535

Authors

R.S. JAT
H.N. MEENA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v59i1.4535

Keywords:

Citric acid, FYM, Groundnut, P-use efficiency, SSP, Yield

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during 200911 at Junagadh, Gujarat to find out the effect of citric acid (CA) and its delivery methods on yield, nutrient uptake and use efficiencies of phosphorus in groundnut ( Arachis hypogaea L.). Results (mean of three years) revealed that application of citric acid at 2 kg along with farmyard ma- nure (FYM) at 2 t/ha recorded significantly higher pod yield (2.61 t/ha), harvest index (36%) and net returns ( 38,283/ha), which were 28.6, 22.0 and 44.5% higher respectively, over FYM at 2 t/ha without citric acid. Soil available P content (18 kg P/ha) significantly increased with citric acid at 6 kg along with single super phosphate (SSP) at 250 kg/ha over control. Citric acid at 4 and 6 kg along with SSP at 250 kg/ha significantly increased P content in pod and haulm, respectively. P uptake significantly increased with citric acid at 4 kg/ha. Application of citric acid at 2 kg along with FYM 2 t/ha (17.2 kg P), citric acid at 4 kg along with SSP 250 kg/ha (17.2 kg P) and citric acid at 4 kg along with FYM 1 t/ha (8.6 kg P) recorded higher agronomic efficiency (19.5%), recovery effi- ciency (10.8%) and P harvest index (69%) respectively, over control plots. Application of higher levels of citric acid decreased yield, P uptake and P-use efficiencies. Thus, application of 2 kg citric acid along with FYM at 2 t/ha found appropriate in enhancing groundnut yield and net returns under semi-arid agro-ecosystem.

References

Chen, Yong-liang., Guo, Yu-qiang., Han, Shi-jie., Zou, Chun-jing., Zhou, Yu-mei and Cheng, Guo-ling. 2002. Effect of root derived organic acids on the activation of nutrients in the rhizosphere soil. Journal of Forestry Research 13(2): 115

Dinkelaker, B., Romheld, V. and Marschner, H. 1989. Citric-acid excretion and precipitation of calcium citrate in the rhizosphere of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.). Plant Cell Environment 12: 28592.

Gang, X., Hongbo, S., Rongfu, X., Nie, Y., Pei, Y., Sun, Z. and Blackwell, M.S.A. 2012. The role of root-released organic acids and anions in phosphorus transformations in a sandy loam soil from Yantai, China. African Journal of Microbiology Research 6(3): 67479.

Gardner, W.K., Parbery, D.G. and Barber, D.A. 1982. The acquisition of phosphorus by Lupinus albus L.II: the effect of varying phosphorus supply and soil type on some characteristics of the soil/root interface. Plant Soil 68: 3341.

Hocking, P.J. 2001. Organic acids exuded from roots in phosphorus uptake and aluminum tolerance of plants in acid soils. Advances in Agronomy 74: 6397.

Hu, H., Tang, C. and Rengel, Z. 2005. Role of phenolics and organic acids in phosphorus mobilization in calcareous and acidic soils. Journal of Plant Nutrition 28: 142739.

Jones, D.L. and Darrah, P.R. 1994. Role of root derived organic-acids in the mobilization of nutrients from the rhizosphere. Plant Soil 166: 24757.

Jones, D.L. and Kochian, L.V. 1996. Aluminum-organic acid interactions in acid soils. 1. Effect of root-derived organic-acids on the kinetics of Al dissolution. Plant Soil 182: 22128.

Khademi, Z., Jones, D.L., Malakouti, M.J., Asadi, F. and Ardebili,

M. 2009. Organic acid mediated nutrient extraction efficiency in three calcareous soils. Australian Journal of Soil Research 47(2): 21320.

Mengel, K. and Kirkby, E.A. 2001. Principles of plant nutrition. 5th Ed., Kluwer Academic Publishers, London.

Olsen, S.R., Cole, C.V., Watanabe, F.S. and Dean, L. 1954. Estimation of available phosphorus in soil by extraction with sodium carbonate. USDA Conc. 933.

Pandey, I.B., Singh, S.K. and Tiwari, S. 2013. Integrated nutrient management for sustaining the productivity of pigeonpea. Indian Journal of Agronomy 58(2): 19297.

Raghothama, K.G. and Karthikeyan, A.S. 2005. Phosphate acquisition. Plant Soil 274(1): 3749.

Strom, L., Owen, A.G., Godbold, D.L. and Jones, D.L. 2005. Organic acid behavior in a calcareous soil; implications for rhizosphere nutrient cycling. Soil Biology and Biochemistry

: 204654.

Walkley, A. and Black, C.A. 1934. An examination of Degtjareff methods for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science 37: 2938.