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2015, vol. 63, br. 3, str. 42-62
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Pregled metrika rutiranja za višekanalne višeinterfejsne bežične mesh mreže
Survey of routing metrics for multi channel multi interface wireless mesh networks
Projekat: Razvoj novih metoda i alata za unapređenje performansi, mrežne i ekonomske efikasnosti telekomunikacionih mreža naredne generacije (MPNTR - 32025)
Sažetak
Bežične mesh mreže - WMNs (Wireless Mesh Networks) predstavljaju noviji trend u bežičnim komunikacijama kojim se obezbeđuju veća fleksibilnost, pouzdanost i bolje performanse nego standardnim bežičnim lokalnim mrežama. Imajući u vidu sve veće potrebe korisnika za brzim i efikasnim prenosom podataka, povećanje protoka, ostvareno uvođenjem višekanalnih višeinterfejsnih - MCMI (Multi-Channel Multi-Interface) WMNs, predstavlja glavni izazov u projektovanju WMNs. Kako bi se ostvarile što bolje mrežne performanse neophodno je definisati protokole i metrike rutiranja kojima se određuje optimalna putanja između izvorišnog i odredišnog čvora. S obzirom na to da WMN karakteriše velika dinamika signala, posebno kada se realizuju u kompleksnim okruženjima kakva su zatvoreni objekti, neophodno je definisati metrike rutiranja koje mogu da isprate brze promene uslova propagacije koje se dešavaju na svakom pojedinačnom linku u mreži. U ovom radu predstavljen je kritički osvrt na najpoznatije metrike rutiranja za MCMI bežične mesh mreže. Navedeni su osnovni kriterijumi za formiranje metrika rutiranja, kao što su: interferencija, količina informacija, opterećenje linka, agilnost, stabilnost i sposobnost praćenja brzih promena na svakom linku. Opisani su i novi trendovi u razvoju metrika rutiranja za bežične mesh mreže, kao i poređenje opisanih metrika u skladu sa prethodno pomenutim kriterijumima. Na kraju rada predstavljena su zaključna razmatranja.
Abstract
WMNs (Wireless Mesh Networks) represent a new trend in wireless communications, providing greater flexibility, reliability and better network performances than standard WLANs (Wireless Local Area Networks). Having in mind a need for more efficient and faster data transmission, one of the greatest challenges in designing WMNs is to provide greater throughput. This is done by introducing networks the nodes of which have multiple interfaces that can work on one of multiple channels (the channel is chosen by a predefined algorithm), socalled Multi-Channel Multi-Interface (MCMI) WMNs. In order to provide better network performances, it is necessary to define routing protocols and metrics used to find and select the optimal route from the source to the destination node. Since WMNs are characterised by a high dynamic range of the received signal level, especially when they are realized in complex environments such as indoors, it is necessary to define routing metrics that can follow these fast changes in propagation conditions that occur in each link in the network.
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