HOME
Full Articles List
Search by Author
Title: CONCEPT AND METHODOLOGY FOR ADDRESSING THE PROBLEM OF THE NETWORK OF HELICOPTER LANDING AREAS IN THE GIS ENVIRONMENT
BibTex 
Open this article in the author's DB |
|
CONCEPT AND METHODOLOGY FOR ADDRESSING THE PROBLEM OF THE NETWORK OF HELICOPTER LANDING AREAS IN THE GIS ENVIRONMENT
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
1314-2704
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
English
|
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
|
2.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
The article builds on scientific work, which in the framework of the in-the-go analysis
has identified a practice-making problem for the performance of air rescue services in the field, with an emphasis on the network of landing areas, their information (technical) security and the risks associated with the decision-making process for conducting the flight under minimum time disposition conditions for the safe achievement of the landing area and the rescue helicopter landing itself on the selected area. The emergence of air rescue service on the territory of the former Czechoslovakia was a response to a reasonable request to address the problem of time-consuming availability of urgent medical care, the time of reaching the patient was long to the need for an acute solution to the emergence of a critical situation. As well as the time it takes to transport the patient to an adequate medical facility or to a higher workplace. Due to the increase in automobile, tourism and leisure activities, there has been pressure to address the availability of urgent pre-medical care. The inclusion of helicopter rescue paramedics in the comprehensive ambulance service system also became a solution to address similar requirements in the surrounding countries. The establishment and deployment of helicopter rescue medical services (VZZS) was gradually implemented in the capital and other regional towns. In parallel with the emerging Centre?s of the VZZS, various types of helicopters were tested which potentially met the requirements for the performance of the intended tasks under consideration, several types of light, medium and heavy helicopters were deployed. During the test operation and the knowledge gained in practice, the benefits of heavy helicopters have proved to be superfluous in practice. The difficulty of the dimensions of the helicopter landing areas has been identified as problematic. Similarly, the requirement of one patient, possibly one patient accompanied by specialist medical staff, was statistically confirmed. In view of these facts, the operation of large heavy helicopters as a potential is not used. The most suitable type of helicopters for deployment in the performance of HEMS tasks proved to be small light helicopters with a small radius of the blades of the supporting rotor. The short-lived radius of the support rotor has been proven to be used in the search for an area of suitable dimensions for off-road landing. By reducing the difficulty to the dimensions of the helicopter landing area in the field, the number of suitable landing areas and thus the availability of healthcare has increased many times. In the subsequent period, development occurred in terms of rescue equipment as well as technical equipment of helicopters for the implementation of special rescue operations, first through the suspended equipment. The development of aeronautics technology has also been used to develop technical means. More extensively, helicopter equipment was carried out by on-board winch, allowing the ground-based rescue of persons from inaccessible terrain, the disposition of the doctor and the emergency services to an inaccessible location, the evacuation of persons from these places. With the adaptation of the technical equipment and the ability of operators to carry out the activity in parallel, the number of requirements for hems deployment in different parts of the country has increased. In carrying out the operation with the assistance of an on-board winch, a stopover was required in the operation to date after the injured person was lifted from the ground to load the patient into the helicopter, which puts it difficult to make available a suitable landing area at an available distance from the point of intervention. In view of the year-round operation of these flights, the availability of an appropriate and safe landing area at an achievable distance is becoming essential, especially in the winter months. The most successful deployment may be considered to be the implementation of rescue operations with the help of an on-board winch in a highmountain environment. The difficulty of the conditions makes it difficult to factor in weather conditions. The weather changes very quickly in these locations, and it can be concluded that the unexpected is not expected. The long-term forecast for the specific part of the mountain range is essentially unfeasible, the financial and technical difficulty does not allow the equipping of individual valleys, saddles and mountain shields with measuring technology for the collection and distribution of data on the condition and day running of the weather. Flights performed in given locations are primarily dependent on environmental knowledge, local specificities and anabolism. With the rule, an experienced pilot in a given location can decide on the execution of a flight or not to execute it based on his own experience. Despite such experienced personnel, there are weather changes that are unexpected and unforeseen and require an urgent decision to land on the ground, in the locations where the current VZZS helicopter is located. Due to the non-construction of the network of landing surfaces, the implementation of a safety landing is subject to an appropriate place in the range at a given moment. However, it should be remembered that the alpine environment is inhospitable, rocky with large slopes, steeps and places that meet the condition of inclination and dimension for helicopter landing is in individual valleys and alpine places minimum. After the rescue operation has been completed and the patient is subsequently rescued, the rescued person is transported by air to the nearest medical facility. The network of health facilities in the territory of the Slovak Republic is represented in all regions. The scope of healthcare provided in individual facilities varies. Regional hospitals provide basic health care. Larger complicated procedures are carried out in higher workplaces and in the network of terminal hospitals. The reason for such a division is the requirement to equip hospitals with the necessary medical equipment and, first and foremost, qualified staff. The general problem of securing qualified staff does not allow staff to be provided to specialized workplaces in all hospitals. It is more effective to provide sufficient number of qualified staff in higher workplaces, which are usually in faculty and university hospitals, located with the rule in county towns and terminal hospitals in the capital. A patient requiring intervention at such a workplace is transported by ground or air component of the rescue system to a higher workplace. The assumption of the coming years rather suggests a decline in qualified staff and will therefore increase the demands from regional hospitals for the acute transport of people from regional hospitals to higher or terminal hospitals. These requirements mean and will continue to require, to a greater extent, to ensure the time benefit and gentle transport of the deployment of Air Rescue Service helicopters to carry out such transports. For the purposes of this article, we will rename these flights as Secondary Transports. Secondary transports are carried out at day and night time throughout the year, depending on current weather conditions. The very nature of these flights clearly indicates that they will be carried out from the known permanent areas of HEMS Centre?s to the known landing areas of regional and local hospitals with known dislocation and specification with regard to the region in which they are located. However, a perfect knowledge of the environment, regional specificities and weather anomia?s, but also the current situation in the area of the landing area and weather conditions in the area, is not sufficient to carry out these flights. The permanent areas for hems helicopter landing are named as areas of public interest (PIS). The PIS areas were built as a temporary makeshift solution during the creation and development of the SZZS. In the following years, however, they were not overhauled and developed, but they remained in makeshift form in the immediate vicinity of hospitals without further development. They are currently being degraded. In the following post, we will discuss them in more detail. |
|
|
|
conference
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
20th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2020
|
|
|
|
20th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2020, 18 - 24 August, 2020
|
|
|
|
Proceedings Paper
|
|
|
|
STEF92 Technology
|
|
|
|
International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference-SGEM
|
|
|
|
SWS Scholarly Society; Acad Sci Czech Republ; Latvian Acad Sci; Polish Acad Sci; Russian Acad Sci; Serbian Acad Sci & Arts; Natl Acad Sci Ukraine; Natl Acad Sci Armenia; Sci Council Japan; European Acad Sci, Arts & Letters; Acad Fine Arts Zagreb Croatia; C
|
|
|
|
465-474
|
|
|
|
18 - 24 August, 2020
|
|
|
|
website
|
|
|
|
cdrom
|
|
|
|
7021
|
|
|
|
The Air Rescue Service (LZS); Air Ambulance; HEMS; heliport
|
|
Download PDF