Relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and Serum Lathosterol and Campesterol Levels: The CACHE Study DM Analysis

Takeshi Matsumura; Yasushi Ishigaki; Tomoko Nakagami; Yusuke Akiyama; Yutaka Ishibashi; Tatsuro Ishida; Hisako Fujii; Mariko Harada-Shiba; Daijiro Kabata; Yasuki Kihara; Kazuhiko Kotani; Satoshi Kurisu; Daisaku Masuda; Tetsuya Matoba; Kota Matsuki; Kenta Mori; Masamitsu Nakazato; Satsuki Taniuchi; Hiroaki Ueno; Shizuya Yamashita; Hiroshi Yoshida; Hisako Yoshida; Tetsuo Shoji

doi:10.5551/jat.63725

Original Article

Relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and Serum Lathosterol and Campesterol Levels: The CACHE Study DM Analysis

Takeshi Matsumura, Yasushi Ishigaki, Tomoko Nakagami, Yusuke Akiyama, Yutaka Ishibashi, Tatsuro Ishida, Hisako Fujii, Mariko Harada-Shiba, Daijiro Kabata, Yasuki Kihara, Kazuhiko Kotani, Satoshi Kurisu, Daisaku Masuda, Tetsuya Matoba, Kota Matsuki, Kenta Mori, Masamitsu Nakazato, Satsuki Taniuchi, Hiroaki Ueno, Shizuya Yamashita, Hiroshi Yoshida, Hisako Yoshida, Tetsuo Shoji

Author information

Takeshi Matsumura
Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
Yasushi Ishigaki
Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University
Tomoko Nakagami
Division of Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women’s Medical University School of Medicine
Yusuke Akiyama
Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Geriatric Medicine, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital
Yutaka Ishibashi
Department of General Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine
Jinjyukai Education & Training Center for Healthcare Professionals
Tatsuro Ishida
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
Hisako Fujii
Department of Health and Medical Innovation, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine
Mariko Harada-Shiba
Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
Daijiro Kabata
Department of Medical Statistics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine
Yasuki Kihara
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
Kazuhiko Kotani
Division of Community and Family Medicine, Jichi Medical University
Satoshi Kurisu
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
Daisaku Masuda
Rinku General Medical Center, Izumisano
Tetsuya Matoba
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
Kota Matsuki
Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine
Kenta Mori
Department of General Internal Medicine, Kobe University Hospital
Masamitsu Nakazato
Division of Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
Satsuki Taniuchi
Department of Medical Statistics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine
Hiroaki Ueno
Division of Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
Shizuya Yamashita
Rinku General Medical Center, Izumisano
Hiroshi Yoshida
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital
Hisako Yoshida
Department of Medical Statistics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine
Tetsuo Shoji
Department of Vascular Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine
Vascular Science Center for Translational Research, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine

Keywords: Lathosterol, Campesterol, Cholesterol metabolism, Diabetes, Glycemic control

JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS FULL-TEXT HTML

2023 Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 735-753

DOI https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.63725

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Abstract

Aim: Risk of cardiovascular disease is increased in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Cholesterol metabolism (hepatic synthesis and intestinal absorption) is known to be associated with cardiovascular risk. Next, we examined the association of DM with cholesterol absorption/synthesis.

Methods: The CACHE Consortium, which is comprised of 13 research groups in Japan possessing data of lathosterol (Latho, synthesis marker) and campesterol (Campe, absorption marker) measured by gas chromatography, compiled the clinical data using the REDCap system. Among the 3597 records, data from 2944 individuals were used for several analyses including this study.

Results: This study analyzed data from eligible 2182 individuals including 830 patients with DM; 42.2% were female, median age was 59 years, and median HbA1c of patients with DM was 7.0%. There was no difference in Latho between DM and non-DM individuals. Campe and Campe/Latho ratio were significantly lower in DM individuals than in non-DM individuals. When the associations of glycemic control markers with these markers were analyzed with multivariable-adjusted regression model using restricted cubic splines, Campe and Campe/Latho ratio showed inverse associations with glucose levels and HbA1c. However, Latho showed an inverted U-shaped association with plasma glucose, whereas Latho showed a U-shaped association with HbA1c. These associations remained even after excluding statin and/or ezetimibe users.

Conclusion: We demonstrated that DM and hyperglycemia were independent factors for lower cholesterol absorption marker levels regardless of statin/ezetimibe use.

Corresponding author

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