Open Journal Systems

Simulation and Analysis of Safe Social Distance under Infectious Disease Epidemic

LI Qian, JIN Wen zhe, ZHANG Qi, WEI Zhen han

Article ID: 2606
Vol 3, Issue 2, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54517/vfc.v3i2.2606
VIEWS - 22 (Abstract)

Abstract

In this paper, the CFD method is used to study the horizontal distance of the virus infection between the cover and the open opening in the open space. Comparing the spread of virus droplets carrying different particle sizes, the human body's effect on inhibiting virus spread under different forms of protection was studied, and the diffusion concentration of pollutants in the range of 1m before and after the environmental wind speed was studied. The results show that the droplet particles settle when the particle size is larger than 6×10^-5m. The KN95 mask can reduce the diffusion distance of exhaled droplets by 50% compared with the working condition without a mask. When the upwind wind speed is greater than or equal to 3m/s, the distance of 1m in front of the human body is set reasonable; regardless of the downwind wind speed, there is a risk of infection directly in front of the human body. When the human body wears a KN95 mask, the distance of 1m is safe when there is no wind; when the wind speed is upwind, it is reasonable for a positive direction of 1m, and there is a risk of infection within 1m behind; when there is a downwind wind speed, the distance of 1m in front should be increased. This article can provide a reference for reducing the risk of infection and determining social distance under different environmental conditions.

Keywords

Droplet diffusion; Mask; Safe distance; Infection risk; Computational fluid dynamics.

Full Text:

PDF

References

1. Zhang Mengfan. A review of Chinese medicine against novel coronavirus pneumonia[J]. Chinese Medicine Clinical Research, 2020, 12(33):27-31.

2. World Health Organization. Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) situation reports [R/OL]. (2021-08-16)[2020-08-16]. https://covid19.who. int/.

3. Lydia Bourouiba. Turbulent Gas Clouds and Respiratory Pathogen Emissions: Potential Implications for Reducing Transmission of COVID-19 [J]. JAMA, 2020, 323 (prepublish) :1837-1838.

4. Miao, Guo, Abhinav, et al. Development of Dose-Response Models to Predict the Relationship for Human Toxoplasma Gondi Infection Associated with Meat Consumption [J]. Risk Analysis, 2015.

5. Hui David S et al. Exhaled air dispersion during coughing with and without wearing a surgical or N95 mask[J]. PloS one, 2012,7(12):e50845.

6. Li Cheng, Zhong Yang, Wu Yi et al. Current status and outlook of research on non-pharmacologic interventions for novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine. 2021, 48(03):385-388.

7. Q&A How to protect yourself when travelling during the coronavirus (COVID-2019) outbreak. World Health Organization YouTube page. Accessed March 20, 2020.

8. Travelers from countries with widespread sustained (ongoing) transmission arriving in the United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Accessed March 13, 2020.

9. Management of ill travelers at points of entry— international airports, seaports and ground crossings— in the context of COVID-19 outbreak. World Health Organization website. Published February 16, 2020. Accessed March 13, 2020.

10. Li Zhaobin et al. Effects of space sizes on the dispersion of cough -generated droplets from a walking person. [J]. Physics of fluids (Woodbury, N.Y.: 1994), 2020, 32(12) : 121705-121705.

11. Dai Hui, Zhao Bin. Motion propagation laws of human exhaled droplets and droplet nuclei[J]. Science Bulletin, 2021, 66(Z1):493-500.

12. Liu X, Niu J, Gao N. Co -occupant's Exposure of Expiratory Droplets-Effects of Mouth -Covering[J].

13. HVAC& RRESEARCH,2011,18(4):575-587.

14. YANG Hailong, LIU Yun, YANG Bin. Structures and interactions of neocoronavirus spiking proteins and their receptors[J]. University Chemistry, 2020, 35(12):2-8.

15. Euclid K. Zhang, H.L. Zhang, P. Liu, Characterization and evaluation of droplet contaminant transmission in general wards[J]. Journal of Chongqing University, 2021, 44(03):82-92.

16. GB/T 28591-2012, Wind rating [S].

17. Atkinson, Fiona S and Foster-Powell, Kaye and Brand-Miller, Jennie C. International Tables of Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Values: 2008 [J]. Diabetes Care, 2008, 31 (12) :2281-3.

18. Qian H, Zhang Chongyang, Zheng Xiaohong, Pathogenesis and prediction method of aerosol transmission of respiratory infectious diseases[J]. Science Bulletin, 2018, 63(10):931-939.