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TURKISH VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY STUDY OF THE LEADERSHIP ASPIRATION SCALE

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 663 - 681, 20.12.2023

Nilüfer Kıraçlı Leblebicioğlu Hüseyin Ekizler Gül Eser

https://doi.org/10.54452/jrb.1317902

Öz

The aim of this study is to adapt the “Leadership Aspiration” scale developed by Fritz and Knippenberg (2018) into Turkish. The study consists of three stages. In the first stage, the scale was translated into Turkish by experts through a two-way translation process. In the second stage, to test language equivalence and reveal semantic, conceptual, and normative equivalence, the scale was applied to a primary study group of 43 employees in both English and Turkish at two-week intervals. It was concluded that the original form and the Turkish version were equivalent. In the third stage, the scale was applied to a secondary study group of 1011 white-collar employees. Validity and reliability of Turkish form was tested using Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses. The findings showed that Turkish form of the scale, consisting of two dimensions and 15 items, is an appropriate measure of Leadership Aspiration.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Leadership aspiration scale adaptation leadership

Kaynakça

  • Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179-211.
  • Amondi, O.B. (2011). Representation of Women in Top Educational Management and Leadership Positions in Kenya. Advancing Women in Leadership, 31, 57-68.
  • Asha Lakshmy, K.H. & Senthil Kumar, S.A. (2023). Bibliometric Analysis on Women’s Leadership Aspiration (2001:2021). Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government, 29(2), 170-193.
  • Athar, M. A., Abid, G., Rafıq, Z., & Sial, M. A. (2022). Impact Of Leadership Aspiration On Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Sequential Mediation Of Leader Member Exchange and Communal Orientation. Bulletin Of Business And Economics (Bbe), 11(2), 292-301.
  • Badura, K.L., Grijalva, E.J., Newman, D.A., Yan, T.T., & Jeon, G. (2018). Gender and leadership emergence: A meta‐analysis and explanatory model. Personnel Psychology, 71, 335-367.
  • Barbulescu, R., & Bidwell, M. J. (2013). Do Women Choose Different Jobs From Men? Mechanisms of Application Segregation in the Market for Managerial Workers. Organization Science, 24 (3), 737-756.
  • Behling, O., & Law, K. S. (2000). Translating questionnaires and other research instruments: Problems and solutions (Vol. 133). Sage.
  • Bentler, P. M., & Kano, Y. (1990). On the equivalence of factors and components. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 25(1), 67-74.
  • Boatwright, K.J., Egidio, R., & Team., K.C. (2003). Psychological Predictors of College Women’s Leadership Aspirations. Journal of College Student Development, 44, 653-669.
  • Brown, T.A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York: Guilford Press.
  • Bulmer, J. (2013). Leadership Aspirations of Registered Nurses: Who Wants to Follow Us? JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 43, 130–134.
  • Chan, K., & Drasgow, F. (2001). Toward a theory of individual differences and leadership: understanding the motivation to lead. The Journal of applied psychology, 86 3, 481-98 .
  • Costello, A. B., & Osborne, J. (2005). Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: Four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. Practical assessment, research, and evaluation, 10(7), 1-9.
  • Davies, P.G., Spencer, S.J., & Steele, C.M. (2005). Clearing the air: identity safety moderates the effects of stereotype threat on women’s leadership aspirations. Journal of personality and social psychology, 88(2), 276-87.
  • Day, R., & Allen, T.D. (2004). The Relationship between Career Motivation and Self-Efficacy with Protege Career Success. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 64, 72-91.
  • Devnew, L., Austin, A. M. B., Le Ber, M. J., & Shapiro, M. (2018). Women’s Leadership Aspirations. In S. Madsen (ed.), Handbook of Research on Gender and Leadership (pp. 165-179). Northampton, MA: Elgar Publishers.
  • Dinçer, Z. Ö., & Seferoğlu, G. (2018). Pre-service English teachers’ career development aspirations: Professional development and leadership. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 26(6), 2033-2044.
  • Eagly, A. H., & Karau, S. J. (2002). Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders. Psychological Review, 109(3), 573–598.
  • Ellinas, E.H., Fouad, N.A., & Byars-Winston, A. (2017). Women and the Decision to Leave, Linger, or Lean In: Predictors of Intent to Leave and Aspirations to Leadership and Advancement in Academic Medicine. Journal of women’s health, 27 (3), 324-332.
  • Erleman, C. (2016). Gender and Leadership Aspiration: The impact of the organizational environment. (Doctoral disserartion) Erasmus University Rotterdam).
  • Fedi, A., & Rollero, C. (2016). If Stigmatized, Self-Esteem Is not Enough: Effects of Sexism, Self-Esteem and Social Identity on Leadership Aspiration. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 12, 533-549.
  • Fritz, C., & Knippenberg, D.V. (2017-a). Gender and leadership aspiration: the impact of organizational identification. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 38, 1018-1037.
  • Fritz, C., & Knippenberg, D.V. (2017-b). Gender and leadership aspiration: Interpersonal and collective elements of cooperative climate differentially influence women and men. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 47, 591-604.
  • Fritz, C., & Knippenberg, D.V. (2018). Gender and leadership aspiration: The impact of work–life initiatives. Human Resource Management, 57, 855-868.
  • Geisinger, K. F. (2003). Testing and assessment in cross-cultural psychology. In J. R. Graham & J. A. Naglieri (Eds.), Handbook of psychology: Assessment psychology, Vol. 10, (pp. 95–117). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Gray, M. P., & O’Brien, K. M. (2007). Advancing the assessment of women’s career choices: The Career Aspiration Scale. Journal of Career Assessment, 15, 317–337.
  • Gregor, M.A. (2012) The Changing Face of Psychology: Career And Leadership Aspirations of Female Doctoral Students In Counseling And Clinical Psychology. (Masters Degree Dissertation) University of Maryland, College Park.
  • Hartle, C. M. (1983). A comparison of the work motivation strategies, ideal leadership style, leadership aspirations, and pupil control ideology of educators in the state of Missouri. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation) Columbia, MI: University of Missouri.
  • Harvey, T.R. (2007). African American Women’s Career Development: The Role of Self-efficacy as a Mediator of Leadership Aspirations. (Doctoral dissertation) The Pennsylvania State University.
  • Hewitt, P.M., Pijanowski, J.C., & Denny, G.S. (2009). Why Teacher Leaders Don’t Want to Be Principals: Evidence from Arkansas. Education Working Paper Archive.
  • Holland Iantosca, M., & Lemke, M. (2022). The glass escalator in school counselling: gender and leadership aspirations. Gender and Education, 34, 852-868.
  • Hoobler, J. M., Lemmon, G., & Wayne, S. J. (2014). Women’s managerial aspirations: An organizational development perspective. Journal of Management, 40(3), 703-730.
  • Hoyt, C. L., & Simon, S. (2011). Female leaders: Injurious or inspiring role models for women? Psychology of Women Quarterly, 35(1), 143–157.
  • Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural equation modeling: a multidisciplinary journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Hunt, J.G., Boal, K.B., & Sorenson, R.L. (1990). Top management leadership: Inside the black box. Leadership Quarterly, 1, 41-65.
  • Izquierdo Alfaro, I., Olea Díaz, J., & Abad García, F. J. (2014). Exploratory factor analysis in validation studies: Uses and recommendations. Psicothema, 26(3), 395-400.
  • Kılıç, A., & Koyuncu, İ. (2017). Ölçek uyarlama çalışmalarının yapı geçerliği açısından incelenmesi. Küreselleşen Dünyada Eğitim, (ss.415-438). Ed. Ö. Demirel, Serkan Dinçel, Pegem Akademi, Ankara.
  • Killeen, L.A., Lopez-Zafra, E., & Eagly, A.H. (2006). Envisioning Oneself as a Leader: Comparisons of Women and Men in Spain and the United States. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 30, 312 – 322.
  • Kline, R. B. (1998). Structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford.
  • Kreuzer, B.K. (1992). Women and Leadership: The Effect of Gender, Gender-Role Orientation, Socioeconomic Status, and Parental Influence on Women’s Aspirations to Leader Roles. (Doctoral Dissertation) Western Michigan University.
  • Kumar, S. S. (2023). Bibliometric Analysis on Women’s Leadership Aspiration (2001: 2021). Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government, 29(2), 170-193.
  • Lechner, C.M., Sortheix, F.M., Obschonka, M., & Salmela‐Aro, K. (2018). What drives future business leaders? How work values and gender shape young adults’ entrepreneurial and leadership aspirations. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 107, 57-70.
  • Lips, H.M. (2000). College Students’ Visions of Power and Possibility as Moderated by Gender. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 24, 39–43.
  • Litzky, B.E., & Greenhaus, J.H. (2007). The relationship between gender and aspirations to senior management. Career Development International, 12, 637-659.
  • Matsunaga, M. (2010). How to factor-analyze your data right: Do’s, don’ts, and how-to’s. International Journal of Psychological Research, 3(1), 97-110.
  • McMillin, M. R. (1975). Leadership aspirations of prospective teachers: A comparison of men and women. Journal of Teacher Education, 26(4), 323–325.
  • Nambuya, A. (2021). Determinants Of Women’s Progress To Academic Leadership Positions In Public Universities: A Case Of Makerere University. (Masters Degree Dissertation) Kyambogo University.
  • Netchaeva, E., Sheppard, L.D., & Balushkina, T. (2022). A meta-analytic review of the gender difference in leadership aspirations. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 137.
  • Nxumalo, N., & Fagbayibo, B. (2020). An evaluation of South Africa’s gender norms on governance and leadership within the context of Aspiration 6 of Agenda 2063. Agenda, 34(4), 90-97.
  • Ölçü Dinçer, Z. ve G. Seferoğlu (2018). İngilizce Öğretmen Adaylarının Kariyer Gelişimi İstekleri: Mesleki Gelişim ve Liderlik. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 26(6), 2033-2044.
  • Ressia, S., Strachan, G.J., Rogers, M.M., Ball, K.M., & McPhail, R. (2022). Farm Businesswomen’s Aspirations for Leadership: A Case Study of the Agricultural Sector in Queensland, Australia. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 6.
  • Saifuddin, S. M., & Baker, S. D. (2020). A Conceptual Model of Leadership Aspiration using Theory of Planned Behavior. Applied Management Journal, 21.
  • Savery, L.K. (1990). Men and Women in the Workplace: Evidence of Occupational Differences. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 11, 13-16.
  • Sánchez, C.M., & Lehnert, K. (2019). The unbearable heaviness of leadership: The effects of competency, negatives, and experience on women’s aspirations to leadership. Journal of Business Research, 95, 182-194.
  • Schein, V.E., & Davidson, M.J. (1993). Thınk Manager, Thınk Male. Management Development Review, 6(3).
  • Schein, V.E., Mueller, R., Lituchy, T.R., & Liu, J. (1996). Think manager—think male: a global phenomenon? Journal of Organizational Behavior, 17, 33-41.
  • Schoon, I., & Polek, E. (2011). Teenage career aspirations and adult career attainment: The role of gender, social background and general cognitive ability. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 35, 210-217.
  • Sheppard, L.D. (2018). Gender Differences in Leadership Aspirations and Job and Life Attribute Preferences among U.S. Undergraduate Students. Sex Roles, 79, 565-577.
  • Simon, S. and Hoyt, C.L. (2012), “Exploring the effect of media images on women’s leadership self-perceptions and aspirations”, Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, Vol. 16(2), 232-245.
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LİDERLİK ARZUSU ÖLÇEĞİNİN TÜRKÇE GEÇERLİK GÜVENİLİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 663 - 681, 20.12.2023

Nilüfer Kıraçlı Leblebicioğlu Hüseyin Ekizler Gül Eser

https://doi.org/10.54452/jrb.1317902

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Fritz ve Knippenberg (2018) tarafından geliştirilmiş olan, “Liderlik Arzusu” ölçeğini Türkçeye uyarlamaktır. Çalışma üç aşamadan oluşmaktadır. Bu aşamaların ilki, ölçeğin uzmanlar aracılığı ile Türkçeleştirmesine ilişkin çift yönlü tercümeyi kapsamaktadır. İkinci aşamada ise anlamsal, kavramsal ve normatif eşdeğerliliğinin ortaya konulması amacıyla ölçek 43 çalışandan oluşan birincil çalışma grubuna iki hafta aralıkla önce İngilizce, sonra ise Türkçe uygulanarak dil eşdeğerliği test edilmiş ve ölçeğin orijinal dili olan İngilizce formu ile Türkçe formunun birbirine eş değer olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Üçüncü aşamada ise ölçek 1011 beyaz yakalı çalışandan oluşan ikincil çalışma grubuna uygulanarak keşfedici ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizlerine tabi tutulmuş ve Türkçe ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirliği sınanmıştır. Bu adımlar kapsamındaki analizler neticesinde 17 madde ve tek boyuttan oluşan orijinal ölçeğin 15 madde ve iki boyut olarak Türkçeye kazandırılmasının uygun olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Liderlik arzusu ölçek uyarlama liderlik

Kaynakça

  • Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179-211.
  • Amondi, O.B. (2011). Representation of Women in Top Educational Management and Leadership Positions in Kenya. Advancing Women in Leadership, 31, 57-68.
  • Asha Lakshmy, K.H. & Senthil Kumar, S.A. (2023). Bibliometric Analysis on Women’s Leadership Aspiration (2001:2021). Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government, 29(2), 170-193.
  • Athar, M. A., Abid, G., Rafıq, Z., & Sial, M. A. (2022). Impact Of Leadership Aspiration On Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Sequential Mediation Of Leader Member Exchange and Communal Orientation. Bulletin Of Business And Economics (Bbe), 11(2), 292-301.
  • Badura, K.L., Grijalva, E.J., Newman, D.A., Yan, T.T., & Jeon, G. (2018). Gender and leadership emergence: A meta‐analysis and explanatory model. Personnel Psychology, 71, 335-367.
  • Barbulescu, R., & Bidwell, M. J. (2013). Do Women Choose Different Jobs From Men? Mechanisms of Application Segregation in the Market for Managerial Workers. Organization Science, 24 (3), 737-756.
  • Behling, O., & Law, K. S. (2000). Translating questionnaires and other research instruments: Problems and solutions (Vol. 133). Sage.
  • Bentler, P. M., & Kano, Y. (1990). On the equivalence of factors and components. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 25(1), 67-74.
  • Boatwright, K.J., Egidio, R., & Team., K.C. (2003). Psychological Predictors of College Women’s Leadership Aspirations. Journal of College Student Development, 44, 653-669.
  • Brown, T.A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York: Guilford Press.
  • Bulmer, J. (2013). Leadership Aspirations of Registered Nurses: Who Wants to Follow Us? JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 43, 130–134.
  • Chan, K., & Drasgow, F. (2001). Toward a theory of individual differences and leadership: understanding the motivation to lead. The Journal of applied psychology, 86 3, 481-98 .
  • Costello, A. B., & Osborne, J. (2005). Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: Four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. Practical assessment, research, and evaluation, 10(7), 1-9.
  • Davies, P.G., Spencer, S.J., & Steele, C.M. (2005). Clearing the air: identity safety moderates the effects of stereotype threat on women’s leadership aspirations. Journal of personality and social psychology, 88(2), 276-87.
  • Day, R., & Allen, T.D. (2004). The Relationship between Career Motivation and Self-Efficacy with Protege Career Success. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 64, 72-91.
  • Devnew, L., Austin, A. M. B., Le Ber, M. J., & Shapiro, M. (2018). Women’s Leadership Aspirations. In S. Madsen (ed.), Handbook of Research on Gender and Leadership (pp. 165-179). Northampton, MA: Elgar Publishers.
  • Dinçer, Z. Ö., & Seferoğlu, G. (2018). Pre-service English teachers’ career development aspirations: Professional development and leadership. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 26(6), 2033-2044.
  • Eagly, A. H., & Karau, S. J. (2002). Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders. Psychological Review, 109(3), 573–598.
  • Ellinas, E.H., Fouad, N.A., & Byars-Winston, A. (2017). Women and the Decision to Leave, Linger, or Lean In: Predictors of Intent to Leave and Aspirations to Leadership and Advancement in Academic Medicine. Journal of women’s health, 27 (3), 324-332.
  • Erleman, C. (2016). Gender and Leadership Aspiration: The impact of the organizational environment. (Doctoral disserartion) Erasmus University Rotterdam).
  • Fedi, A., & Rollero, C. (2016). If Stigmatized, Self-Esteem Is not Enough: Effects of Sexism, Self-Esteem and Social Identity on Leadership Aspiration. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 12, 533-549.
  • Fritz, C., & Knippenberg, D.V. (2017-a). Gender and leadership aspiration: the impact of organizational identification. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 38, 1018-1037.
  • Fritz, C., & Knippenberg, D.V. (2017-b). Gender and leadership aspiration: Interpersonal and collective elements of cooperative climate differentially influence women and men. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 47, 591-604.
  • Fritz, C., & Knippenberg, D.V. (2018). Gender and leadership aspiration: The impact of work–life initiatives. Human Resource Management, 57, 855-868.
  • Geisinger, K. F. (2003). Testing and assessment in cross-cultural psychology. In J. R. Graham & J. A. Naglieri (Eds.), Handbook of psychology: Assessment psychology, Vol. 10, (pp. 95–117). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Gray, M. P., & O’Brien, K. M. (2007). Advancing the assessment of women’s career choices: The Career Aspiration Scale. Journal of Career Assessment, 15, 317–337.
  • Gregor, M.A. (2012) The Changing Face of Psychology: Career And Leadership Aspirations of Female Doctoral Students In Counseling And Clinical Psychology. (Masters Degree Dissertation) University of Maryland, College Park.
  • Hartle, C. M. (1983). A comparison of the work motivation strategies, ideal leadership style, leadership aspirations, and pupil control ideology of educators in the state of Missouri. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation) Columbia, MI: University of Missouri.
  • Harvey, T.R. (2007). African American Women’s Career Development: The Role of Self-efficacy as a Mediator of Leadership Aspirations. (Doctoral dissertation) The Pennsylvania State University.
  • Hewitt, P.M., Pijanowski, J.C., & Denny, G.S. (2009). Why Teacher Leaders Don’t Want to Be Principals: Evidence from Arkansas. Education Working Paper Archive.
  • Holland Iantosca, M., & Lemke, M. (2022). The glass escalator in school counselling: gender and leadership aspirations. Gender and Education, 34, 852-868.
  • Hoobler, J. M., Lemmon, G., & Wayne, S. J. (2014). Women’s managerial aspirations: An organizational development perspective. Journal of Management, 40(3), 703-730.
  • Hoyt, C. L., & Simon, S. (2011). Female leaders: Injurious or inspiring role models for women? Psychology of Women Quarterly, 35(1), 143–157.
  • Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural equation modeling: a multidisciplinary journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Hunt, J.G., Boal, K.B., & Sorenson, R.L. (1990). Top management leadership: Inside the black box. Leadership Quarterly, 1, 41-65.
  • Izquierdo Alfaro, I., Olea Díaz, J., & Abad García, F. J. (2014). Exploratory factor analysis in validation studies: Uses and recommendations. Psicothema, 26(3), 395-400.
  • Kılıç, A., & Koyuncu, İ. (2017). Ölçek uyarlama çalışmalarının yapı geçerliği açısından incelenmesi. Küreselleşen Dünyada Eğitim, (ss.415-438). Ed. Ö. Demirel, Serkan Dinçel, Pegem Akademi, Ankara.
  • Killeen, L.A., Lopez-Zafra, E., & Eagly, A.H. (2006). Envisioning Oneself as a Leader: Comparisons of Women and Men in Spain and the United States. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 30, 312 – 322.
  • Kline, R. B. (1998). Structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford.
  • Kreuzer, B.K. (1992). Women and Leadership: The Effect of Gender, Gender-Role Orientation, Socioeconomic Status, and Parental Influence on Women’s Aspirations to Leader Roles. (Doctoral Dissertation) Western Michigan University.
  • Kumar, S. S. (2023). Bibliometric Analysis on Women’s Leadership Aspiration (2001: 2021). Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government, 29(2), 170-193.
  • Lechner, C.M., Sortheix, F.M., Obschonka, M., & Salmela‐Aro, K. (2018). What drives future business leaders? How work values and gender shape young adults’ entrepreneurial and leadership aspirations. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 107, 57-70.
  • Lips, H.M. (2000). College Students’ Visions of Power and Possibility as Moderated by Gender. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 24, 39–43.
  • Litzky, B.E., & Greenhaus, J.H. (2007). The relationship between gender and aspirations to senior management. Career Development International, 12, 637-659.
  • Matsunaga, M. (2010). How to factor-analyze your data right: Do’s, don’ts, and how-to’s. International Journal of Psychological Research, 3(1), 97-110.
  • McMillin, M. R. (1975). Leadership aspirations of prospective teachers: A comparison of men and women. Journal of Teacher Education, 26(4), 323–325.
  • Nambuya, A. (2021). Determinants Of Women’s Progress To Academic Leadership Positions In Public Universities: A Case Of Makerere University. (Masters Degree Dissertation) Kyambogo University.
  • Netchaeva, E., Sheppard, L.D., & Balushkina, T. (2022). A meta-analytic review of the gender difference in leadership aspirations. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 137.
  • Nxumalo, N., & Fagbayibo, B. (2020). An evaluation of South Africa’s gender norms on governance and leadership within the context of Aspiration 6 of Agenda 2063. Agenda, 34(4), 90-97.
  • Ölçü Dinçer, Z. ve G. Seferoğlu (2018). İngilizce Öğretmen Adaylarının Kariyer Gelişimi İstekleri: Mesleki Gelişim ve Liderlik. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 26(6), 2033-2044.
  • Ressia, S., Strachan, G.J., Rogers, M.M., Ball, K.M., & McPhail, R. (2022). Farm Businesswomen’s Aspirations for Leadership: A Case Study of the Agricultural Sector in Queensland, Australia. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 6.
  • Saifuddin, S. M., & Baker, S. D. (2020). A Conceptual Model of Leadership Aspiration using Theory of Planned Behavior. Applied Management Journal, 21.
  • Savery, L.K. (1990). Men and Women in the Workplace: Evidence of Occupational Differences. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 11, 13-16.
  • Sánchez, C.M., & Lehnert, K. (2019). The unbearable heaviness of leadership: The effects of competency, negatives, and experience on women’s aspirations to leadership. Journal of Business Research, 95, 182-194.
  • Schein, V.E., & Davidson, M.J. (1993). Thınk Manager, Thınk Male. Management Development Review, 6(3).
  • Schein, V.E., Mueller, R., Lituchy, T.R., & Liu, J. (1996). Think manager—think male: a global phenomenon? Journal of Organizational Behavior, 17, 33-41.
  • Schoon, I., & Polek, E. (2011). Teenage career aspirations and adult career attainment: The role of gender, social background and general cognitive ability. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 35, 210-217.
  • Sheppard, L.D. (2018). Gender Differences in Leadership Aspirations and Job and Life Attribute Preferences among U.S. Undergraduate Students. Sex Roles, 79, 565-577.
  • Simon, S. and Hoyt, C.L. (2012), “Exploring the effect of media images on women’s leadership self-perceptions and aspirations”, Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, Vol. 16(2), 232-245.
  • Singer, M.S. (1989). Gender differences in leadership aspirations. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 18, 25-35.
  • Singer, M.S. (1991). The Relationship Between Employee Sex, Length of Service and Leadership Aspirations: A Study from Valence, Self‐Efficacy and Attribution Perspectives. Applied Psychology, 40, 417-436.
  • Soi, D. (2017). Relatıonshıp Between Female Teachers’perceptıons Of Selected Factors and Theır Aspıratıon for Leadershıp Posıtıons In Publıc Prımary Schools In Kerıcho County, Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, Kabarak University).
  • Suryanarayan, S. (2020). A Gendered Leadership: Aspirations and Perceptions of Leadership among Women in STEM Fields. International Journal on Leadership, 8(2).
  • Tabachnick, B. G. & L. S. Fidell (2001). Using multivariate statistics. Needham Heights, MA, Allyn & Bacon.
  • Tabak, A., Kiziloğlu, A., & Polat, M. (2010). Türkiye’de örtük liderlik kuramı: İçeriği ve yapısı. Çağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(2), 72-86.
  • Tharenou, P., & Terry, D.J. (1998). Reliability and Validity of Scores on Scales to Measure Managerlal Aspirations. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 58, 475-492.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu Sözlüğü, sozluk.gov.tr, Erişim Tarihi: 08.09.2023.
  • Villesèche, F., Christina, Ottsen, L., & Paunova, M. (2021). Bias and leadership aspirations: Exploring the interaction of gender and parental status in self-evaluations. Kvinder, Køn & Forskning, 32(3), 70–85.
  • Walsh, M.M., Carleton, E.L., Hancock, A.J., & Arnold, K.A. (2022). Mindfulness and stereotype threat in social media: unexpected effects for women’s leadership aspirations. Gender in Management, 37(4), 535-548.
  • Warner, R. M. (2012). Applied statistics: from bivariate through multivariate techniques: from bivariate through multivariate techniques. UK: Sage.
  • Watt, H. M. G., & Richardson, P. W. (2008). Motivations, perceptions, and aspirations concerning teaching as a career for different types of beginning teachers. Learning and Instruction, 18, 408–428.
  • Yeagley, E., Subich, L.M., & Tokar, D.M. (2010). Modeling college women’s perceptions of elite leadership positions with Social Cognitive Career Theory. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 77, 30-38.
  • Yeoward, J.L. (2014). Factors Influencing the Major Satisfaction and Leadership Aspirations of Men and Women in Traditional and Nontraditional Fields. (Masters Degree Dissertation) Illinois State University.
  • Yeoward, J.L., & Nauta, M.M. (2020). Perceived Interpersonal Influences and College-Major Nontraditionality as Predictors of Women’s Leadership Aspirations. Journal of Career Development, 48, 787-800.
Toplam 74 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İşletme
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Nilüfer Kıraçlı Leblebicioğlu 0009-0000-0577-5372

Hüseyin Ekizler 0000-0001-5903-713X

Gül Eser 0000-0003-1377-2635

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 20 Aralık 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Haziran 2023
Kabul Tarihi 5 Aralık 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Kıraçlı Leblebicioğlu, N., Ekizler, H., & Eser, G. (2023). LİDERLİK ARZUSU ÖLÇEĞİNİN TÜRKÇE GEÇERLİK GÜVENİLİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI. Journal of Research in Business, 8(2), 663-681. https://doi.org/10.54452/jrb.1317902