De verbeelding van het internet in de Nederlandse literatuur van de jaren negentig | Amsterdam University Press Journals Online
2004
Volume 28, Issue 2
  • ISSN: 1384-5829
  • E-ISSN: 2352-118X

Abstract

Abstract

Taking Dutch digital pioneer Marleen Stikker’s claim that the ‘internet is broken’ as its cue, this article explores the ways in which Dutch literature from the first half of the 1990s reflects on the potential and risks of the impending digital age. Its focus is on two contemporary literary works composed within the context of – or reflecting on – the 1994 launch of De Digitale Stad (), an experimental free-net initiative partly facilitated by the city of Amsterdam. Both case studies – the novel by Dirk van Weelden and the collaborative radio play – shed light on the cultural production surrounding , as they offer literary refractions of dominant spatial figures and topoi concerning the internet. In order to highlight these literary reflections as well as the complex and dynamic sociocultural, economic and technological forces in which they originated, the article draws on close reading as well as concepts and methods from media archaeology. Notably the concept of ‘imaginary media’ allows us to expound on the various ways technologies old and new were given literary meaning in the late twentieth century.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.5117/NEDLET2023.2.002.BERG
2023-12-01
2024-06-05
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Abbate, J., Inventing the Internet. Cambridge, MIT Press, 1999.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Barlow, J.P., ‘Crime and Puzzlement’, in: Electronic Frontier Foundation, 8juni1990, www.eff.org/pages/crime-and-puzzlement, laatst geraadpleegd 15oktober2023.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bolter, J.D. en R.Grusin, Remediation. Understanding New Media. Cambridge, MIT Press, 2000.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Van den Boomen, M., ‘Digitale stad “gewoon af en toe mijn gal spuien”, in: De Groene Amsterdammer, 2maart1994.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Boswell, S., ‘“Jack In, Young Pioneer”. Frontier Politics, Ecological Entrapment, and the Architecture of Cyberspace’, in: American Literature, 93, 2021, 3, 417-444.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Boumans, J., Toen digitale media nog nieuw waren. Pre-internet in de polder (1967-1997). Gorredijk, Media Update Vakpublicaties, 2011.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Brems, H., Altijd weer vogels die nesten beginnen. Geschiedenis van de Nederlandse literatuur 1945-2005 [Vijfde druk]. Amsterdam, Bert Bakker, 2016.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Brouwers, T., ‘Dirk van Weelden. Oase’, in: S.Bax, H.Brems, T.van Deel en A.Zuiderent (red.), Lexicon van literaire werken, november2003.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Brouwers, T., ‘Dirk van Weelden’, in: S.Bax, H.Brems, T.van Deel en A.Zuiderent (red.), Kritisch Lexicon van de moderne Nederlandstalige literatuur, februari2008.
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Ceruzzi, P.E., A History of Modern Computing. Cambridge, MIT Press, 2012 [1998].
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Delsing, K. en J.Chen, ‘The Birth of Mediamatic Magazine. An Interview with Willem Velthoven and Jans Possel’, in: Mediametic Magazine, 2022, https://www.mediamatic.net/en/page/226233/the-birth-of-mediamatic-magazine, laatst geraadpleegd 15oktober2023.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Duivenvoorden, E., Een voet tussen de deur. Geschiedenis van de kraakbeweging 1964-1999. Amsterdam, De Arbeiderspers, 2000.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Gitelman, L. en G.B.Pingree, New Media, 1740-1915. Media in Transition. Cambridge, MIT Press, 2003.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Gitelman, L., Always Already New. Media, History, and the Data of Culture. Cambridge, MIT Press, 2006.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Groof, B. de, ‘Radio is regio. Het moeizame evenwicht tussen zendbereik en doelgroep’, in: Ons Erfdeel, 24, 1981, 5, 645-654.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Haan, de T., ‘Gevonden: dds Hoorspel “Station het oor”’, in: Hart.amsterdam.nl, 21juni2014, https://hart.amsterdam/nl/page/37194/gevonden-dds-hoorspelstation-het-oor, laatst geraadpleegd 15oktober2023.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Haan, de T. en T.van den Doel, ‘Gevonden: Document “Sociale bouwstenen voor een elektronische samenleving”’, in: Hart.amsterdam.nl, 27oktober2014, https://hart.amsterdam/nl/page/44579, laatst geraadpleegd 15oktober2023.
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Van der Haar, R., ‘Projectverslag De Digitale Stad’, in: dds.nl, 22mei1995, https://www.dds.nl/html/dds/jarig/3.0project/, laatst geraadpleegd 15oktober2023.
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Hayles, N.K., How We Became Posthuman. Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics, Literature, and Informatics. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1999.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Herman, L. en B.Vervaeck, ‘A Theory of Narrative in Culture’, in: Poetics Today, 38, 2017, 4, 605-634.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Huhtamo, E., ‘Dismantling the Fairy Engine. Media Archaeology as Topos Study’, in: E.Huhtamo en J.Parikka (red.), Media Archaeology. Approaches, Applications, and Implications. Berkeley, University of California Press, 2011, 27-47.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Huhtamo, E. en J.Parikka (red.), Media Archaeology. Approaches, Applications, and Implications. Berkeley, University of California Press, 2011.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Kluitenberg, E., ‘Second Introduction to an Archeology of Imaginary Media’, in: E.Kluitenberg (red.), Book of Imaginary Media. Excavating the Dreamof the Ultimate Communication Machine. Rotterdam, Nai Publishers, 2006, 7-27.
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Kluitenberg, E., Delusive Spaces. Essays on Culture, Media and Technology. Rotterdam, NAi Publishers, 2008.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Kluitenberg, E., ‘On the Archaeology of Imaginary Media’, in: E.Huhtamo en J.Parikka (red.), Media Archaeology. Approaches, Applications and Implications. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2011, 48-69.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Lovink, G.‘Interview met Marleen Stikker over dds’, in: Nettime-nl, 7maart2001, http://amsterdam.nettime.org/Lists-Archives/nettime-nl-0103/msg00038.html, laatst geraadpleegd 15oktober2023.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Nevejan, C. en A.Badenoch, ‘How Amsterdam Invented the Internet. European Networks of Significance, 1980-1995’, in: G.Alberts en R.Oldenziel (red.), Hacking Europe. From Computer Cultures to Demoscenes. New York, Springer, 2014, 189-217.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Nünning, A.‘Surveying Contextualist and Cultural Narratologies. Towards an Outline of Approaches, Concepts and Potentials’, in: S.Heinen en R.Sommer (red.), Narratology in the Age of Cross-Disciplinary Narrative Research. Berlijn, Walter de Gruyter, 2009, 48-70.
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Parikka, J., A Geology of Media. Minnesota, University of Minnesota Press, 2015.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Plate, L. en E.Rommes, ‘Safecityspace. Women’s Interventions in Urban and Virtual Space’, in: The Journal of Romance Studies, 7, 2007, 1, 21-37.
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Richards, D.G., Georg Büchner’s Woyzeck. A History of Its Criticism. London, Camden, 2001.
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Schafer, V., ‘Interfacing Counterculture and Digital Cultures. An Interview with Geert Lovink’, in: Internet Histories, 2, 2018, 3-4, 328-338.
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Schalken, K. en J.Flint, Handboek digitale steden. Amsterdam, Stichting De Digitale Stad, 1995.
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Smith, J.E.H., The Internet Is Not What You Think It Is. A History, a Philosophy, a Warning. Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2022.
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Stikker, M., De digitale stad. Sociale bouwstenen voor een elektronische samenleving. Amsterdam, Stichting De Digitale Stad, 1994.
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Stikker, M., Het internet is stuk, maar we kunnen het repareren. Amsterdam, De Geus, 2019.
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Streeter, T., The Net Effect. Romanticism, Capitalism and the Internet. New York, New York University Press, 2011.
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Streeter, T., ‘The Internet as a Structure of Feeling, 1992-1996’, in: Internet Histories, 1, 2017, 1, 79-89.
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Tarnoff, B., Internet for the People. The Fight for Our Digital Future. London, Verso, 2022.
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Vervaeck, B., Het postmodernisme in de Nederlandse en Vlaamse roman. Nijmegen, Vantilt, 2007.
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Wagenvoort, M., Een huwelijk in het jaar 2020. Amsterdam, Atlas Contact, 2020 [1923].
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Webster, P.‘Technology, Ethics and Religious Language. Early Anglophone Christian Reactions to “Cyberspace”’, in: Internet Histories, 2, 2018, 3-4, 299-314.
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Van Weelden, D., Tegenwoordigheid van geest. Amsterdam, De Bezige Bij, 1989.
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Van Weelden, D., ‘Het Bederf van de Communicatie’, in: Mediamatic Magazine, 7, 2, 1993, www.mediamatic.net/nl/page/9099/the-decay-of-communication, laatst geraadpleegd 15oktober2023.
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Van Weelden, D., Oase. Amsterdam, De Bezige Bij, 1994.
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Willaert, T., De fonograaf en de grammofoon in de Nederlandstalige literatuur (1877-1935). Een media-archeologisch onderzoek. Antwerpen/Apeldoorn, Garant, 2018.
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Williams, R., Television. Technology and Cultural Form. London/New York, Routledge, 2003.
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Wilson, R., ‘Techno-Euphoria and the Discourse of the American Sublime’, in: Boundary 2, 19, 1992, 1, 205-229.
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Zielinski, S., Deep Time of the Media. Toward an Archaeology of Hearing and Seeing by Technical Means. Cambridge, MIT Press, 2008.
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.5117/NEDLET2023.2.002.BERG
Loading
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error