THE HORIZONTAL-VERTICAL ILLUSION AND THE RELATION OF SPATIAL AND RETINAL ORIENTATIONS

SHIRO MORINAGA; KAORU NOGUCHI; AKIKO OHISHI

doi:10.4992/psycholres1954.4.25

SHIRO MORINAGA, KAORU NOGUCHI, AKIKO OHISHI

Author information

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1962 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 25-29

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/psycholres1954.4.25

Details

Published: 1962 Received: November 01, 1961 Available on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
Correction information
Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : As a part of studies on the inhomogeneous nature of the visual space, an attempt was made to investigate whether or not, or to what extent, the change in the relation between spatial and retinal orientations influenced the amount of illusion in the L-shaped figure and its modifications. The conditions were: (I) The figure was tilted to the right, S's head was held upright; (II) the head was tilted to the right (A) or to the left (B), but the figure was held upright; and (III) both figure and head were tilted to the right at the same time.
The change in orientation of figures was found to affect the amount of illusion, most markedly in Condition I, more markedly in Condition II, and slightly in Condition III, It was concluded that the retinal factor is of the primary importance, though not exclusive, in producing the horizontal-vertical illusion.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : FINGER, F. W., & SPELT, D. K. The illustration of the horizontal-vertical illusion. J. exp. Psychol., 1947, 37, 243-250.
FOX, H. Figural after-effects: Satiation and adaptation. J. exp. Psychol., 1951, 42, 317-326.
IMAI, S. A review of recent studies on geometrical optical illusion. Jap. J. Psychol., 1960, 30, 366-375. (In Japanese.)
KOFFKA, K. Principles of gestalt psychology. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1935, 275-280.
KÖHLER, W. Dynamics in psychology. New York: Liveright, 1940, 15-30.
KÜNNAPAS, T. M. Influence of head inclination on the vertical-horizontal illusion. J. Psychol., 1958, 46, 179-185.
MICHAELS, R. M. Anisotropy and interaction of fields of spatial induction. J. exp. Psychol., 1960, 60, 235-241.
MORINAGA, S. Untersuchungen über die Zöllnershe Tauschung. Jap. J. Psychol., 1933, 8, 195-242. (In Japanese. German Summary, 23-25.)
MORINAGA, S., & YAMADA, K. Figural after-effects and spatial orientation. Proc. 20th Meeting of JPA, 1958, C-5. (In Japanese.)
OBONAI, T. Experimentelle Untersuchung über Sehraum-Struktur. Jap. J. Psychol., 1930, 5, 805-845. (In Japanese.)
ONO, S. A study on the horizontal-vertical illusion. Jinbunkenkyu (Osaka City University), 1959, 10, No. 5, 41-60. (In Japanese.)
POLLOCK, W. T., & CHAPANIS, A. The apparent length of a line as a function of its inclination. Quart. J. exp. Psychol., 1952, 4, 170-178.
RAUSCH, E. Zur Theorie der sogenannten Vertikalentäuschung. Rivista di Psicologia (Organo della Societa Italiana di Psicologia), 1956, Anno L-Fasc. IV, 242-245.
ROCK, I. The orientation of forms on the retina and in the environment. Amer. J. Psychol., 1956, 69, 513-528.
ROCK, I., & HEIMER, W. The effect of retinal and phenomenal orientation on the perception of form. Amer. J. Psychol., 1957, 70, 493-511.
SHIPLEY, W. C., NANN, B. M., & PENFIELD, M. J. The apparent length of tilted lines. J. exp. Psychol., 1949, 39, 548-551.
SUTO, Y. Study on the interdependence of the horizontal-vertical illusion and the divided illusion: I. Yap. psychol. Res., 1960, 2, 81-93.
TACHIBANA, K., & MORINAGA, S. Experimental study in Ebbinghaus' illusion. Jap, J. Psychol., 1930, 5, 133-148. (In Japanese.)

Right : FINGER, F. W., & SPELT, D. K. The illustration of the horizontal-vertical illusion. J. exp. Psychol., 1947, 37, 243-250.
FOX, H. Figural after-effects: Satiation and adaptation. J. exp. Psychol., 1951, 42, 317-326.
IMAI, S. A review of recent studies on geometrical optical illusion. Jap. J. Psychol., 1960, 30, 366-375.(In Japanese.)
KOFPKA, K. Principles of gestalt psychology. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1935, 275-280.
KÖHLER, W. Dynamics in psychology. New York: Liveright, 1940, 15-30.
KÜNNAPAS, T. M. Influence of head inclination on the vertical-horizontal illusion. J. Psychol., 1958, 46, 179-185.
MICHAELS, R. M. Anisotropy and interaction of fields of spatial induction. J. exp. Psychol., 1960, 60, 235-241.
MORINAGA, S. Untersuchungen über die Zollnershe Tauschung. Jap. J. Psychol., 1933, 8, 195-242.(In Japanese. German Summary, 23-25.)
MORINAGA, S., & YAMADA, K. Figural after-effects and spatial orientation. Proc. 20th Meeting of JPA, 1958, C-5.(In Japanese.)
OBONAI, T. Experimentelle Untersuchung über Sehraum-Struktur. Jap. J. Psychol., 1930, 5, 805-845.(In Japanese.)
ONO, S. A study on the horizontal-vertical illusion. Jinbunkenkyu (Osaka City University), 1959, 10, No.5, 41-60.(In Japanese.)
POLLOCK, W. T., & CHAPANIS, A. The apparent length of a line as a function of its inclination. Quart. J. exp. Psychol., 1952, 4, 170-178.
RAUSCH, E. Zur Theorie der sogenannten Vertikalentäuschung. Riaista di Psicologia (Organo della Societa Italiana di Psicologia), 1956, Anno L-Fasc. IV, 242-245.
ROCK, I. The orientation of forms on the retina and in the environment. Amer. J. Psychol., 1956, 69, 513-528.
ROCK, I., & HEIMER, W. The effect of retinal and phenomenal orientation on the perception of form. Amer. J. Psychol., 1957, 70, 493-511.
SHIPLEY, W. C., NANN, B. M., & PENFIELD, M. J. The apparent length of tilted lines. J. exp. Psychol., 1949, 39, 548-551.
SUTO, Y. Study on the interdependence of the horizontal-vertical illusion and the divided illusion: I. Jap. psychol. Res., 1960, 2, 81-93.
TACHIBANA, K., & MORINAOA, S. Experimental study in Ebbinghaus' illusion. Jap. J. Psychol., 1930, 5, 133-148.(In Japanese.)

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: PDF FILE Details: -

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : FINGER, F. W., & SPELT, D. K. The illustration of the horizontal-vertical illusion. J. exp. Psychol., 1947, 37, 243-250.
FOX, H. Figural after-effects: Satiation and adaptation. J. exp. Psychol., 1951, 42, 317-326.
IMAI, S. A review of recent studies on geometrical optical illusion. Jap. J. Psychol., 1960, 30, 366-375.(In Japanese.)
KOFPKA, K. Principles of gestalt psychology. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1935, 275-280.
KÖHLER, W. Dynamics in psychology. New York: Liveright, 1940, 15-30.
KÜNNAPAS, T. M. Influence of head inclination on the vertical-horizontal illusion. J. Psychol., 1958, 46, 179-185.
MICHAELS, R. M. Anisotropy and interaction of fields of spatial induction. J. exp. Psychol., 1960, 60, 235-241.
MORINAGA, S. Untersuchungen über die Zollnershe Tauschung. Jap. J. Psychol., 1933, 8, 195-242.(In Japanese. German Summary, 23-25.)
MORINAGA, S., & YAMADA, K. Figural after-effects and spatial orientation. Proc. 20th Meeting of JPA, 1958, C-5.(In Japanese.)
OBONAI, T. Experimentelle Untersuchung über Sehraum-Struktur. Jap. J. Psychol., 1930, 5, 805-845.(In Japanese.)
ONO, S. A study on the horizontal-vertical illusion. Jinbunkenkyu (Osaka City University), 1959, 10, No.5, 41-60.(In Japanese.)
POLLOCK, W. T., & CHAPANIS, A. The apparent length of a line as a function of its inclination. Quart. J. exp. Psychol., 1952, 4, 170-178.
RAUSCH, E. Zur Theorie der sogenannten Vertikalentäuschung. Riaista di Psicologia (Organo della Societa Italiana di Psicologia), 1956, Anno L-Fasc. IV, 242-245.
ROCK, I. The orientation of forms on the retina and in the environment. Amer. J. Psychol., 1956, 69, 513-528.
ROCK, I., & HEIMER, W. The effect of retinal and phenomenal orientation on the perception of form. Amer. J. Psychol., 1957, 70, 493-511.
SHIPLEY, W. C., NANN, B. M., & PENFIELD, M. J. The apparent length of tilted lines. J. exp. Psychol., 1949, 39, 548-551.
SUTO, Y. Study on the interdependence of the horizontal-vertical illusion and the divided illusion: I. Jap. psychol. Res., 1960, 2, 81-93.
TACHIBANA, K., & MORINAOA, S. Experimental study in Ebbinghaus' illusion. Jap. J. Psychol., 1930, 5, 133-148.(In Japanese.)

Right : FINGER, F. W., & SPELT, D. K. The illustration of the horizontal-vertical illusion. J. exp. Psychol., 1947, 37, 243-250.
FOX, H. Figural after-effects: Satiation and adaptation. J. exp. Psychol., 1951, 42, 317-326.
IMAI, S. A review of recent studies on geometrical optical illusion. Jap. J. Psychol., 1960, 30, 366-375.(In Japanese.)
KOFPKA, K. Principles of gestalt psychology. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1935, 275-280.
KÖHLER, W. Dynamics in psychology. New York: Liveright, 1940, 15-30.
KÜNNAPAS, T. M. Influence of head inclination on the vertical-horizontal illusion. J. Psychol., 1958, 46, 179-185.
MICHAELS, R. M. Anisotropy and interaction of fields of spatial induction. J. exp. Psychol., 1960, 60, 235-241.
MORINAGA, S. Untersuchungen über die Zöllnershe Tauschung. Jap. J. Psychol., 1933, 8, 195-242.(In Japanese. German Summary, 23-25.)
MORINAGA, S., & YAMADA, K. Figural after-effects and spatial orientation. Proc. 20th Meeting of JPA, 1958, C-5.(In Japanese.)
OBONAI, T. Experimentelle Untersuchung über Sehraum-Struktur. Jap. J. Psychol., 1930, 5, 805-845.(In Japanese.)
ONO, S. A study on the horizontal-vertical illusion. Jinbunkenkyu (Osaka City University), 1959, 10, No.5, 41-60.(In Japanese.)
POLLOCK, W. T., & CHAPANIS, A. The apparent length of a line as a function of its inclination. Quart. J. exp. Psychol., 1952, 4, 170-178.
RAUSCH, E. Zur Theorie der sogenannten Vertikalentäuschung. Rivista di Psicologia (Organo della Societa Italiana di Psicologia), 1956, Anno L-Fasc. IV, 242-245.
ROCK, I. The orientation of forms on the retina and in the environment. Amer. J. Psychol., 1956, 69, 513-528.
ROCK, I., & HEIMER, W. The effect of retinal and phenomenal orientation on the perception of form. Amer. J. Psychol., 1957, 70, 493-511.
SHIPLEY, W. C., NANN, B. M., & PENFIELD, M. J. The apparent length of tilted lines. J. exp. Psychol., 1949, 39, 548-551.
SUTO, Y. Study on the interdependence of the horizontal-vertical illusion and the divided illusion: I. Jap. psychol. Res., 1960, 2, 81-93.
TACHIBANA, K., & MORINAGA, S. Experimental study in Ebbinghaus' illusion. Jap. J. Psychol., 1930, 5, 133-148.(In Japanese.)

Corresponding author

Correction information

Register with J-STAGE for free!