Perubahan Dasar Ekonomi Luar Negeri Malaysia: 1MDB, Pelupusan Aset Strategik dan Pinjaman China 2015-2016
Abstract
Kes 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB) membabitkan bekas Perdana Menteri Malaysia Najib Razak dianggap sebagai antara kes kleptokrasi yang kritikal. Bagi membayar hutang 1MDB, Najib melupuskan aset strategik Malaysia dan meminjam berbilion dolar dari China pada 2015-2016. Kajian ini menganalisis manipulasi tawar-menawar Perkhidmatan Awam sebagai pemboleh ubah utama yang mempengaruhi keputusan pinjaman dan pelupusan asing oleh pemimpin kleptokratik. Disimpulkan bahawa kaedah manipulasi Najib Razak mengubah tawar-menawar jenis Pemegang Amanah yang sedia ada dalam proses pembuatan keputusan ekonomi luar negeri Malaysia kepada tawar-menawar jenis kleptokratik. Akibatnya, dua hal berikut berlaku: (1) penjualan aset strategik 1MDB kepada China pada 2015 iaitu Edra Energy dan sebahagian ekuiti Bandar Malaysia, serta (2) sebahagian daripada pinjaman yang diperoleh dari China pada November 2016 seperti TSGP, MPP dan ECRL digunakan bagi membayar hutang 1MDB. Kajian ini menyumbang kepada hujah mengenai kesan kleptokrasi dalam pembuatan dasar ekonomi luar negeri.
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References
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