This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
In Situ Injection Rate Measurement to Study Single and Split Injections in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine
Technical Paper
2019-24-0136
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The split injection strategy holds a potential for high pressure combustion engines. One advantage of such strategy is the capability to control the heat release rate, which also implies the use of multiple split-injections with relatively short dwell intervals. Most injection rate measurement techniques require installment of the injector on a dedicated test rig. However, these techniques fail to accurately reproduce real-engine operating conditions. Using the spray impingement method, this paper investigates the injection rate of a high flow-rate solenoid injector while being operated on the engine. The aim is to have an experimental configuration as similar as possible to the real engine in terms of the acoustics and the fuel temperature within the injection system. The assumption of spray force proportional to the spray momentum is used here to measure the injection rate. The spray momentum is measured while the injector is mounted on the Volvo D13 engine and connected to the in-series fuel rail and pump. A high-natural-frequency piezoelectric pressure transducer is mounted perpendicularly at 4 mm from one of the nozzle holes. The injector and sensor are contained within a specially designed collector for the injected fuel, which is maintained at atmospheric pressure and temperature. Experiments with single injection are conducted varying the Duration of Injection (DOI) from 400 up to 2000 μs. The tests with split double-injections are conducted with fixed DOI of 500 μs while the dwell time are varied from 100 up to 1000 μs. All tests are performed at the rail pressures of 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 bar while the engine is operated at 1200 rpm. Results show that the injection rate shape of single injections is highly dependent on the rail pressure profile. With double split-injections, the rate of the second injection as well as the total fuel mass injected increases when the dwell time is shortened. Short dwell intervals boost the fuel quantities as a result of the altered needle response. Long dwell time between two equally-long injections generate similar injection rates. The injector hydraulic delay was more pronounced when dwell time was kept long enough. Overall, higher injection pressure advances the effective start of injection while retarding the effective end of injection.
Recommended Content
Authors
Citation
Aljohani, B., Ben Houidi, M., Babayev, R., Aljohani, K. et al., "In Situ Injection Rate Measurement to Study Single and Split Injections in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine," SAE Technical Paper 2019-24-0136, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-24-0136.Data Sets - Support Documents
Title | Description | Download |
---|---|---|
Unnamed Dataset 1 |
Also In
References
- Meek , G.A. , Williams , R. , Thornton , D. , Knapp , P. , and Cosser , S. F2E-Ultra High Pressure Distributed Pump Common Rail System SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-1440 2014 10.4271/2014-01-1440
- Nordgren , H. , Hultqvist , A. , and Johansson , B. Start of Injection Strategies for HCCI-Combustion SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-2990 2004 10.4271/2004-01-2990
- Nehmer , D.A. and Reitz , R.D. Measurement of the Effect of Injection Rate and Split Injections on Diesel Engine Soot and NOx Emissions SAE Transactions 1030 1041 1994
- Babayev , R. , Houidi , M.B. , Shankar , V.B. , Aljohani , B.S.E. , and Johansson , B. Injection Strategies for Isobaric Combustion SAE Technical Paper 20199124 2019 10.4271/20199124
- Babayev , R. , Ben Houidi , M. , Andersson , A. , and Johansson , B. Isobaric Combustion: A Potential Path to High Efficiency, in Combination with the Double Compression Expansion Engine (DCEE) SAE Technical Paper 2019-01-0085 2019 10.4271/2019-01-0085
- Wang , Z. , Wyszynski , M.L. , Xu , H. , Abdullah , N.R. , and Piaszyk , J. Fuel Injection and Combustion Study by the Combination of Mass Flow Rate and Heat Release Rate with Single and Multiple Injection Strategies Fuel Processing Technology 132 118 132 2015
- Luo , F. , Cui , H. , and Dong , S. Transient Measuring Method for Injection Rate of each Nozzle Hole Based on Spray Momentum Flux Fuel 125 20 29 2014
- Bosch , W. The Fuel Rate Indicator: A New Measuring Instrument for Display of the Characteristics of Individual Injection SAE Technical Paper 660749 1966 10.4271/660749
- Ishikawa , S. , Ohmori , Y. , Fukushima , S. , Suzuki , T. et al. Measurement of Rate of Multiple-Injection in CDI Diesel Engines SAE Technical Paper 2000-01-1257 2000 10.4271/2000-01-1257
- Postrioti , L. , Buitoni , G. , Pesce , F.C. , and Ciaravino , C. Zeuch Method-Based Injection Rate Analysis of a Common-Rail System Operated with Advanced Injection Strategies Fuel 128 188 198 2014
- Arcoumanis , C. , Baniasad , M.S. , and Banias , M.S. Analysis of Consecutive Fuel Injection Rate Signals Obtained by the Zeuch and Bosch Methods SAE Transactions 1371 1384 1993
- Payri , R. , Salvador , F.J. , Gimeno , J. , and Bracho , G. A New Methodology for Correcting the Signal Cumulative Phenomenon on Injection Rate Measurements Experimental Techniques 32 1 46 49 2008
- Matsuoka , S. , Yokota , K. , and Kamimoto , T. The Measurement of Injection Rate Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Conference Proceedings 184 10 87 1969 94
- Bopp , S. , Durst , F. , Holweg , J. , and Weber , H. A Laser-Doppler Sensor for Flowrate Measurements Flow Measurement and Instrumentation 1 1 31 38 1989
- Zeng , W. , Xu , M. , Zhang , M. , Zhang , Y. , and Cleary , D.J. Macroscopic Characteristics for Direct-Injection Multi-Hole Sprays Using Dimensionless Analysis Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 40 81 92 2012
- Marčič , M. A New Method for Measuring Fuel-Injection Rate Flow Measurement and Instrumentation 10 3 159 165 1999
- Payri , F. , Payri , R. , Salvador , F.J. , and Gimeno , J. Comparison between Different Hole to Hole Measurement Techniques in a Diesel Injection Nozzle SAE Transactions 1396 1403 2005
- Payri , R. , Garcia , J.M. , Salvador , F.J. , and Gimeno , J. Using Spray Momentum Flux Measurements to Understand the Influence of Diesel Nozzle Geometry on Spray Characteristics Fuel 84 5 551 561 2005
- Desantes , J.M. , López , J.J. , Carreres , M. , and López-Pintor , D. Characterization and Prediction of the Discharge Coefficient of Non-Cavitating Diesel Injection Nozzles Fuel 184 371 381 2016
- Manin , J. , Kastengren , A. , and Payri , R. Understanding the Acoustic Oscillations Observed in the Injection Rate of a Common-Rail Direct Injection Diesel Injector Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 134 12 122801 2012
- AlRamadan , A.S. , Houidi , M.B. , Aljohani , B.S.E. , Eid , H. , and Johansson , B. Compression Ratio and Intake Air Temperature Effect on the Fuel Flexibility of Compression Ignition Engine SAE Technical Paper 2019-24-0110 2019 10.4271/2019-24-0110
- Payri , R. , García , A. , Domenech , V. , Durrett , R. , and Plazas , A.H. An Experimental Study of Gasoline Effects on Injection Rate, Momentum Flux and Spray Characteristics Using a Common Rail Diesel Injection System Fuel 97 390 399 2012
- Lundgren , M. , Rosell , J. , Richter , M. , Andersson , Ö. et al. Optical Study on Combustion Transition from HCCI to PPC with Gasoline Compression Ignition in a HD Engine SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-0768 2016 10.4271/2016-01-0768
- Alfuso , S. , Allocca , L. , Auriemma , M. , Caputo , G. et al. Analysis of a High Pressure Diesel Spray at High Pressure and Temperature Environment Conditions SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-1239 2005 10.4271/2005-01-1239
- Lucchini , T. , D'Errico , G. , Ettorre , D. , Brusiani , F. et al. Experimental and Numerical Investigation of High-Pressure Diesel Sprays with Multiple Injections at Engine Conditions SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-0179 2010 10.4271/2010-01-0179
- Mohan , B. , Yang , W. , Tay , K.L. , and Yu , W. Macroscopic Spray Characterization under High Ambient Density Conditions Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 59 109 117 2014
- Sangiah , D.K. and Ganippa , L.C. Application of Spray Impingement Technique for Characterisation of High Pressure Sprays from Multi-Hole Diesel Nozzles International Journal of Thermal Sciences 49 2 409 417 2010
- Ehleskog , R. , Golovitchev , V. , Denbratt , I. , Andersson , S. , and Rinaldini , C.A. Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Split Injections at Low Load in an HDDI Diesel Engine Equipped with a Piezo Injector SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-3433 2006 10.4271/2006-01-3433