中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (29): 4714-4721.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1815

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

间充质干细胞来源外泌体治疗急性肺损伤的作用机制

张莉珊,曾  勉   

  1. 中山大学附属第一医院MICU,广东省广州市  510080
  • 修回日期:2019-05-30 出版日期:2019-10-18 发布日期:2019-10-18
  • 通讯作者: 曾勉,硕士,教授,主任医师,中山大学附属第一医院MICU,广东省广州市 510080
  • 作者简介:张莉珊,女,1993年生,广东省人,汉族,中山大学附属第一医院在读硕士,主要从事间充质干细胞治疗急性肺损伤相关研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(81670066),项目负责人:曾勉;广东省省级科技计划项目(2016A020216009, 2014A020212151),项目负责人:曾勉

Therapeutic mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes in acute lung injury

Zhang Lishan, Zeng Mian   

  1. Medical Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
  • Revised:2019-05-30 Online:2019-10-18 Published:2019-10-18
  • Contact: Zeng Mian, Master, Professor, Chief physician, Medical Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Lishan, Master candidate, Medical Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81670066 (to ZM); the Guangdong Provincial Scientific Research Project, No. 2016A020216009 and 2014A020212151 (both to ZM)

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
外泌体:
是一类大小介于30-100 nm的含有DNA、RNA、蛋白质和脂类的微囊泡,几乎所有类型的细胞都能分泌外泌体,广泛存在于血清、血浆、尿液等各种体液中。外泌体最初被认为是细胞清除代谢废物的手段,近年来发现外泌体作为细胞间通讯的重要介质,参与调控许多重要的细胞生理活动,在免疫应答、凋亡、血管生成、炎症反应等过程中发挥作用,成为多种疾病治疗的潜在靶点。
间充质干细胞来源外泌体:具有选择性组装、靶向性投递、高效修复受损组织、安全性高、化学性质稳定、易于保存等优点,可作为运载间充质干细胞多种分泌产物的载体参与间充质干细胞与损伤细胞之间的细胞通讯,起到关键信使的作用,是急性肺损伤相关干细胞领域的一个具有重要研究价值的新热点。

 

摘要
背景:
外泌体是一种可以由多种类型细胞分泌的膜性囊泡结构,富含蛋白质、脂类和RNA,可通过介导细胞间的信息交流和信号转导而参与调控多种重要的细胞生理或病理活动。研究发现,间充质干细胞分泌的外泌体具有减少肺部炎症反应、改善肺微血管内皮屏障通透性以及促进肺组织结构修复等作用,有望为急性肺损伤提供一种创新的治疗方式。
目的:对间充质干细胞来源外泌体治疗急性肺损伤作用机制的最新研究进展作一综述。
方法:以“间充质干细胞,外泌体,急性肺损伤,mesenchymal stem cells,exosomes,acute lung injury”为检索词,检索1981至2018年PubMed、CNKI中国期刊全文数据库,纳入间充质干细胞来源外泌体治疗急性肺损伤的相关文献,共纳入文献58篇进行分析总结。
结果与结论:①外泌体通过转移蛋白质、脂质及核酸来影响靶细胞的生理活动,介导细胞间信号转导及免疫调节等生物学效应;②间充质干细胞来源外泌体携带来自间充质干细胞的某些蛋白质、脂质、DNA及RNA等生物活性物质,可能通过抗炎、抗细胞凋亡、促进细胞再生等共同机制发挥作用;③通过对现有的研究总结了间充质干细胞来源外泌体发挥治疗急性肺损伤的主要作用机制,为日后应用间充质干细胞来源外泌体治疗急性肺损伤提供相关参考。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-1841-6595(张莉珊)

关键词: 外泌体, 间充质干细胞, 急性肺损伤, 免疫调节, 细胞凋亡, 细胞再生, 无细胞治疗, 细胞间通讯, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Exosomes are vesicles with phospholipid bilayers containing lots of proteins, lipid and RNA secreted by various types of cells, which might play important roles in cell-to-cell communication and signal transduction and participate in the regulation of important physiology or pathological processes. Recent studies have discovered that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells, a promising treatment for acute lung injury, exert an anti-inflammation effect and improve the microvascular endothelial barrier permeability and enhance lung epithelial tissue repair.
OBJECTIVE: To review the recent advances in mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes as a novel approach to the treatment of acute lung injury.
METHODS: Databases of PubMed and CNKI were searched for the articles related to the mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes in the treatment of acute lung injury between 1981 and 2018. The keywords were “mesenchymal stem cells, exosomes, acute lung injury” in English and Chinese, respectively. Fifty-eight articles were enrolled for analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Exosomes plays an important role in mediating intercellular communication and regulating immune system by transferring bioactive proteins, lipids and nucleic acids to target cells. (2) Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes carry certain proteins, lipids, nucleic acids from mesenchymal stem cells. They might contribute to attenuating the inflammatory response and apoptosis, and promoting cell regeneration. (3) The existing researches summarize the main mechanism of treatment of acute lung injury by mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes, and provide reference for the future application of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in the treatment of acute lung injury.

Key words: exosomes, mesenchymal stem cells, acute lung injury, immunomodulation, apoptosis, cell regeneration, cell-free therapy, intercellular communication, National Natural Science Foundation of China

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