Analysis of the Impacts of Climate Variations Across Semi-Arid and Arid Regions of Southeast Africa

In many semi-arid and arid countries of Southeast Africa, changing climate often linked to differential land-maritime interactions, generally influence rainfall and temperature patterns. This paper assesses climate variability and the impacts of this variability around semi-arid and arid regions of Southeast Africa. To achieve this goal, a wide review of published scientific literature was carried out with the aid of Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Web of Science and Semantic Scholar. The study found that rainfall and temperature patterns influence vegetation dynamics and evapotranspiration. In addition, changing rainfall and temperature patterns due to climate variation are deleterious to agricultural production, crop yields and household incomes and a precursor of violent inter-ethnic conflicts. Therefore, with the enforcement of proper and adequate financing, inclusion of surrounding communities in land use management plans and support and cooperation from law enforcement, land use management can respond effectively to these climate-induced threats.