This study reveals the differences in child care and education between China and Japan. The third author, a visual anthropology expert, recorded and edited two twenty-minute films that primarily focused on children’s activities in Chinese and Japanese kindergartens. These films were presented to 81 Japanese university students, who then answered a questionnaire. In the questionnaire, the participants provided their impressions of the two films and scored 18 items to evaluate both teachers’ and children’s behavior on a six-point rating scale. In addition, they responded to open-ended questions. The results clearly indicated that participants were aware of the differences between the two countries after they watched the films, in which children in the Japanese kindergarten mostly played spontaneously, while those in the Chinese kindergarten were instructed on many topics by their teachers.