Hydrophilic High Drug-Loaded 3D Printed Gastroretentive System with Robust Release Kinetics
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Methods
2.2.1. Tablet Design and 3D Printing
2.2.2. Characterization of 3DP Tablets
- Thermal analysis
- X-ray powder diffraction
- Physical tests of printed systems
- Evaluation of surface and inner 3DP tablets
2.2.3. Pharmaceutical Characterization
- Buoyancy study and in vitro drug release
- Drug release kinetics mechanism study
2.2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characterization of 3DP Tablets
3.1.1. Physical Characterization
3.1.2. Thermal Characterization
3.1.3. X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD)
3.2. Pharmaceutical Characterization
3.2.1. Buoyancy of the 3DP Tablets
3.2.2. Drug Release Behaviour
- Effect of drug load
- Effect of auxiliary excipients load
- Effect of internal mesh size
3.2.3. Drug Release Kinetics
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Drug-Loaded Filament | MET (%) | AFF (%) | MS (%) | PEG 6000 (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
10A | 10 | 80 | 5 | 5 |
20A | 20 | 70 | 5 | 5 |
30A | 30 | 60 | 5 | 5 |
40A | 40 | 50 | 5 | 5 |
50A | 50 | 40 | 5 | 5 |
20B | 20 | 65 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
30B | 30 | 55 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
40B | 40 | 45 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
50B | 50 | 35 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
3DP Tablets | Internal Mesh Size (mm × mm) | Height (mm) | Weight (mg) | Diameter (mm) | Density (g/mL) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
20A-06 | 0.6 × 0.6 | 6.33 ± 0.34 | 669.74 ± 18.03 | 13.00 ± 0.21 | 0.80 ± 0.03 |
30A-06 | 0.6 × 0.6 | 5.94 ± 0.01 | 626.29 ± 7.33 | 13.30 ± 0.14 | 0.76 ± 0.01 |
40A-06 | 0.6 × 0.6 | 6.21 ± 0.11 | 683.71 ± 17.71 | 13.27 ± 0.16 | 0.80 ± 0.03 |
10A-08 | 0.8 × 0.8 | 6.22 ± 0.06 | 687.60 ± 5.00 | 13.25 ± 0.18 | 0.80 ± 0.02 |
20A-08 | 0.8 × 0.8 | 6.21 ± 0.16 | 666.80 ± 42.14 | 12.95 ± 0.07 | 0.82 ± 0.02 |
30A-08 | 0.8 × 0.8 | 6.10 ± 0.02 | 644.97 ± 6.24 | 12.93 ± 0.03 | 0.80 ± 0.01 |
40A-08 | 0.8 × 0.8 | 6.37 ± 0.13 | 652.80 ± 5.87 | 13.01 ± 0.03 | 0.77 ± 0.02 |
20B-08 | 0.8 × 0.8 | 5.97 ± 0.18 | 635.56 ± 9.05 | 13.24 ± 0.17 | 0.77 ± 0.02 |
30B-08 | 0.8 × 0.8 | 5.59 ± 0.54 | 617.58 ± 14.22 | 13.13 ± 0.23 | 0.82 ± 0.04 |
50B-08 | 0.8 × 0.8 | 5.32 ± 0.08 | 594.70 ± 24.98 | 13.54 ± 0.21 | 0.78 ± 0.06 |
20A-1 | 1.0 × 1.0 | 6.15 ± 0.18 | 626.64 ± 29.81 | 13.33 ± 0.40 | 0.73 ± 0.04 |
30A-1 | 1.0 × 1.0 | 5.77 ± 0.21 | 620.83 ± 1.74 | 13.40 ± 0.00 | 0.76 ± 0.03 |
40A-1 | 1.0 × 1.0 | 6.22 ± 0.14 | 618.92 ± 25.36 | 13.19 ± 0.20 | 0.73 ± 0.01 |
40B-1 | 1.0 × 1.0 | 6.21 ± 0.16 | 666.80 ± 42.14 | 12.95 ± 0.07 | 0.82 ± 0.02 |
3DP Tablets | Zero Order | Higuchi | Korsmeyer | Peppas and Sahlin | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
k | r2 | b | r2 | n | r2 | kd | kr | r2 | |
20p06A | 0.1871 | 0.9540 | 0.0348 | 0.9997 | 0.4622 | 0.9989 | 0.0344 | 0.0000 | 0.9997 |
30p06A | 0.2003 | 0.9568 | 0.0391 | 0.9965 | 0.4481 | 0.9918 | 0.0308 | 0.0005 | 0.9989 |
40p06A | 0.2529 | 0.9241 | 0.0419 | 0.9959 | 0.4780 | 0.9979 | 0.0534 | −0.0007 | 0.9996 |
10p08A | 0.1760 | 0.9433 | 0.0334 | 0.9983 | 0.4634 | 0.9987 | 0.0331 | 0.0000 | 0.9983 |
20p08A | 0.1822 | 0.9700 | 0.0336 | 0.9965 | 0.4461 | 0.9939 | 0.0263 | 0.0004 | 0.9988 |
30p08A | 0.2331 | 0.9647 | 0.0404 | 0.9979 | 0.4572 | 0.9999 | 0.0373 | 0.0002 | 0.9986 |
40p08A | 0.3496 | 0.9797 | 0.0475 | 0.9949 | 0.4981 | 0.9904 | 0.0332 | 0.0011 | 0.9985 |
20p08B | 0.1469 | 0.9434 | 0.0305 | 0.9991 | 0.4111 | 0.9992 | 0.0339 | −0.0002 | 0.9997 |
30p08B | 0.2395 | 0.9732 | 0.0407 | 0.9957 | 0.4581 | 0.9990 | 0.0318 | 0.0006 | 0.9981 |
50p08B | 0.3492 | 0.9138 | 0.0490 | 0.9900 | 0.4604 | 0.9949 | 0.0735 | −0.0019 | 1.0000 |
20p1A | 0.1937 | 0.9521 | 0.0361 | 0.9989 | 0.4622 | 0.9975 | 0.0360 | 0.0000 | 0.9989 |
30p1A | 0.3179 | 0.9479 | 0.0440 | 0.9979 | 0.4394 | 0.9978 | 0.0505 | −0.0005 | 0.9988 |
40p1A | 0.2531 | 0.9247 | 0.0419 | 0.9961 | 0.4645 | 0.9983 | 0.0532 | −0.0007 | 0.9996 |
40p1B | 0.3503 | 0.9401 | 0.0486 | 0.9970 | 0.4535 | 0.9990 | 0.0602 | −0.0009 | 0.9993 |
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Mora-Castaño, G.; Millán-Jiménez, M.; Caraballo, I. Hydrophilic High Drug-Loaded 3D Printed Gastroretentive System with Robust Release Kinetics. Pharmaceutics 2023, 15, 842. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15030842
Mora-Castaño G, Millán-Jiménez M, Caraballo I. Hydrophilic High Drug-Loaded 3D Printed Gastroretentive System with Robust Release Kinetics. Pharmaceutics. 2023; 15(3):842. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15030842
Chicago/Turabian StyleMora-Castaño, Gloria, Mónica Millán-Jiménez, and Isidoro Caraballo. 2023. "Hydrophilic High Drug-Loaded 3D Printed Gastroretentive System with Robust Release Kinetics" Pharmaceutics 15, no. 3: 842. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15030842