Imposición sobre la renta personal: ¿qué sabemos de la relación entre redistribución y costes de eficiencia?

Resumen

La teoría de la imposición óptima ofrece recomendaciones sobre el diseño de un impuesto no-lineal sobre la renta que, minimizando los costes de eficiencia, maximice la redistribución. Para hacer operativas tales recomendaciones, es necesario disponer de la elasticidad de respuesta de los contribuyentes ante aumentos del tipo impositivo marginal, que junto con la forma de la distribución de la renta laboral y las preferencias sociales por la redistribución acaban determinando el diseño óptimo del impuesto. La teoría económica y los estimadores provistos en la literatura dotan, pues, al decisor social de un potente instrumental para guiar el diseño impositivo. Esto es lo que se revisa en este artículo de carácter panorámico.

Palabras clave:

enfoque utilitarista, imposición óptima, elasticidad de la base impositiva

Citas

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