UKRAINIAN MEAT BREED OF CATTLE – 30 YEARS: PAST AND PRESENT DEVELOPMENT OF BREEDING ACHIEVEMENT
Keywords:
Ukrainian meat, breed, quantitative and qualitative indicators, economically useful traits, amplitude of values, live weight, milkiness, number of calves.
Abstract
According to Order No. 211 of July 30, 1993, 30 years have passed since the definition of a new breeding achievement in meat breeding – the Ukrainian meat breed of cattle. In order to analyze the development of the breed in time dynamics, the data of quantitative and qualitative indicators for a 20-year period were used. The study includes materials on the number of breeding animals, the amplitude of live weight and milkiness of cows, the development and age of weaning of young animals, and number of calves. As of the beginning of 2022, according to the State Register of Breeding Subjects in Livestock Breeding, Ukrainian beef cattle breed are represented by a breeding herd of the Dnipropetrovsk region with a total population of 455 heads, including 166 cows. The analysis was established that during the studied period there was a decrease in regions (from eight to one) engaged in breeding the breed, breeding subjects (from nine to one), and, accordingly, animals (from 3,062 heads to 166 heads). The average share of breeding bulls in the sex-age dynamics is 1,4%, cows – 39,7%, bulls – 20,5% and repair heifers 30,3%. In beef cattle breeding, the share of Ukrainian meat breeds did not exceed 11,7%, and by the beginning of 2022 it was only 2,2%. The realization of the genetic potential of the main economically useful traits of the Ukrainian meat breed of cattle can be evidenced by the obtained maximum values of productivity indicators, namely the live weight of adult cows – 690 kg, the milkiness of cows during the first and third calving – 277 kg and 280 kg, live weight of heifers and bulls at birth – 41 kg and 44 kg, the average daily gain of young calves at suckling and rearing – more than 1 kg. In addition, the yield of calves per 100 cows is at the level of 90%. One of the components of breeding work in breeding herds with the breed is the realization of own genetic resources. Thus, 1,299 bulls and 472 heifers of various age groups were sold during the research period.
References
1. Berezovskyi, O. V., Dobrianska, M. L. (2014). Otsinka polimorfizmu hena tyreohlobulinu v riznykh porid velykoi rohatoi khudoby molochnoho ta miasnoho napriamu produktyvnosti [Evaluation of thyroglobulin gene polymorphism in different breeds of dairy and meat productivity cattle] Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy. Seriia «Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva». no. 202. pp. 18–24 (in Ukrainian).
2. Bodnaruk, V. Ye., Zhmur, A. Y. (2013). Analiz henetychnoi minlyvosti ukrainskoi miasnoi porody velykoi rohatoi khudoby [Analysis of genetic variability of the Ukrainian meat breed of cattle]. Naukovyi visnyk LNAVM imeni S.Z. Hzhytskoho. Lviv. 15. no. 3(57). 3. рр. 3–7 (in Ukrainian).
3. Boiko, O. V., Demchuk, S. Yu. (2021). Fenotypova minlyvist oznak spermoproduktyvnosti buhaiv-plidnykiv riznoho napriamu produktyvnosti. [Phenotypic variability of sperm productivity traits of breeding bulls of different productivity directions]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn. Kyiv. no. 62. рр. 130–135 DOI:https://doi.org/10.31073/abg.62.17 (in Ukrainian).
4. Dorotiuk, E. M., Hlotova, H. A. (1994). Holovenkivskyi zavodskyi typ ukrainskoi miasnoi porody velykoi rohatoi khudoby [Golovenkiv local type of Ukrainian meat breed of cattle]. Molochno-miasne skotarstvo. no. 85. рр. 38–43 (in Ukrainian).
5. Khalak, V. I., Hutyi, B. V., Denysiuk, O. V. (2022). Deiaki pokaznyky interieru ta produktyvnist molodniaku velykoi rohatoi khudoby miasnykh porid [Some indicators of interiority and productivity of young beef cattle]. Naukovyi visnyk LNAVM imeni S.Z. Hzhytskoho. Lviv. 24. no. 96. рр. 131–138. DOI:10.32718/nvlvet-a9618 (in Ukrainian).
6. Khmelnychyi, L. M., Salohub, A. M. (2012). Zabiini yakosti buhaitsiv spetsializovanykh miasnykh porid Sumskoho rehionu [Slaughter qualities of specialized beef cattle of the Sumy region]. Tavriiskyi naukovyi visnyk. no. 78. 1:2. рр. 251-256 (in Ukrainian).
7. Kopylova, K. V., Shelov, A. V., Berezovskyi, O. V., Kopylov, K. V., Rossokha, V. I. (2013). Henetychna struktura riznykh porid velykoi rohatoi khudoby za molekuliarno-henetychnymy markeramy [Genetic structure of different breeds of cattle according to molecular genetic markers]. Naukovo-tekhnichnyi biuleten IT NAAN. Kharkiv. no. 110. рр. 76–83 (in Ukrainian).
8. Kozyr, V. S., Gekkiev, A. D., Gogitidze, V. V. (2012). Fiziko-tehnologicheskie svojstva shkur bychkov myasnyh porod v usloviyah stepnoj zony Ukrainy [Physico-technological properties of the hides of bulls of meat breeds in the conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine]. Visnik agrarnoyi nauki Prichornomor’ya. no. 7(70). 2:2. рр. 88–92 (in Ukrainian).
9. Kozyr, V. S. (2016). Kachestvo shkur bychkov myasnyh i kombinirovannyh porod v usloviyah stepnoj zony Ukrainy [The quality of the skins of bulls of meat and combined breeds in the conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine]. Rozvedennya i genetika tvarin. no. 51. рр. 73–78 (in Ukrainian).
10. Kruhliak, A. P. (2017). Bank henetychnykh resursiv – osnova stvorennia, rozvytku novykh ta zberezhennia malochyselnykh porid [The bank of genetic resources is the basis for the creation, development of new and preservation of small breeds]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn. no. 53. рр. 43–50 (in Ukrainian).
11. Kruk, O. (2015). Miasna produktyvnist bychkiv ukrainskoi miasnoi porody [Meat productivity of steers of the Ukrainian meat breed of cattle]. Tvarynnytstvo Ukrainy. 2015. no. 1-2. рр. 5–8 (in Ukrainian).
12. Nakaz № 211 vid 30.07.1993 roku Ministerstva silskoho hospodarstva i prodovolstva Ukrainy «Pro vyvedennia ukrainskoi miasnoi porody velykoi rohatoi khudoby» [About the breeding of the Ukrainian meat breed of cattle]. 13. (in Ukrainian).
13. Nosevych, D. K. (2017). Henotypovi parametry doboru koriv ukrainskoi miasnoi porody [Genotypic parameters of selection of Ukrainian meat breed of cattle]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy. Seriia “Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva”. Kyiv. no. 271. рр. 126–133 (in Ukrainian).
14. Pochukalin, A. Ye. (2022). Stan tvarynnytstva Ukrainy: monitorynh za 2021 rik [The state of livestock breeding in Ukraine: monitoring for 2021]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn. Kyiv. no. 64. рр. 69–83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31073/ abg.64.07 (in Ukrainian).
15. Pochukalin, A. Ye., Reznikova, Yu. M., Priyma, S. V. (2015). Comparative characteristics of domestic beef breeds and their initial genotypes by economical valuable traits. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn. no. 49. рр. 134–140 (in Ukrainian).
16. Siratskyi, I. Z., Fedorovych, Ie. I., Huziev, I. V., Boiko, O. V., Fedorovych, V. V. (2009). Spermoproduktyvnist buhaivplidnykiv riznykh miasnykh porid Ukrainy [Sperm productivity of breeder bulls of different meat breeds of Ukraine]. Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia «Tvarynnytstvo». no. 10(16). 2009. рр. 104–107 (in Ukrainian).
17. Speka, S. S., Shalovylo, S. H., Boiko, A. O. (2011). Stan haluzi miasnoho skotarstva ta obgruntuvannia dotsilnosti stvorennia krupnoho typu v poliskii miasnii porodi [The state of the meat cattle breeding industry and justification of the feasibility of creating a large type in the Polish meat breed]. Naukovyi visnyk LNAVM imeni S. Z. Hzhytskoho. Lviv. 13. no. 4(50). 3. рр. 301–305 (in Ukrainian).
18. Suprun, I. O., Dovha, O. O. (2021). Dynamika pleminnoho miasnoho skotarstva v Ukraini [Dynamics of tribal meat cattle breeding in Ukraine]. Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia «Tvarynnytstvo». 2021. no. 1(44) рр. 92–97 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.lvst.2021.1.13 (in Ukrainian).
19. Sydorenko, O. V. (2014). Kharakterystyka henetychnoho materialu plidnykiv velykoi rohatoi khudoby, yakyi zberihaietsia u banku henetychnykh resursiv tvaryn IRHT NAAN [Characteristics of the genetic material of cattle breeders stored in the bank of animal genetic resources of the IRGT of the National Academy of Sciences]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy. Seriia «Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva». no. 202. рр. 71–77 (in Ukrainian).
20. Tokar, Yu. I. (2016). Miasna produktyvnist buhaitsiv za riznoi shvydkosti rostu [Meat productivity of bulls at different growth rates]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy. Seriia “Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva”. Kyiv. no. 250. рр. 195–200 (in Ukrainian).
21. Uhnivenko, A. M. (2016). Morfolohichnyi sklad piv tush buhaitsiv ukrainskoi miasnoi porody za anatomichnymy chastynamy [Morphological composition of half-carcasses of the Ukrainian meat breed bulls by anatomical parts]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy. Seriia “Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva”. Kyiv. no. 236. рр. 295–299 (in Ukrainian).
22. Uhnivenko, A. M. (2018). Zberezhenist miasnykh teliat na osnovi faktory, shcho vplyvaiut na nei [Conservation of meat calves based on factors affecting it]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy. Seriia “Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva”. Kyiv. no. 289. рр. 71–76 (in Ukrainian).
23. Uhnivenko, A. M., Kruk, O. P. (2016). Otsiniuvannia miasnoi produktyvnosti buhaitsiv zalezhno vid viku pered zaboiem [Evaluation of meat productivity of bulls depending on the age before slaughter]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy. Seriia “Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva”. Kyiv. no. 236. рр. 354–361 (in Ukrainian).
24. Zubets, M. V., Dorotiuk, E. M. (1994). Ukrainska miasna poroda velykoi rohatoi khudoby [Ukrainian meat breed of cattle]. Visnyk ahrarnoi nauky. no. 5. рр. 49–60 (in Ukrainian).
2. Bodnaruk, V. Ye., Zhmur, A. Y. (2013). Analiz henetychnoi minlyvosti ukrainskoi miasnoi porody velykoi rohatoi khudoby [Analysis of genetic variability of the Ukrainian meat breed of cattle]. Naukovyi visnyk LNAVM imeni S.Z. Hzhytskoho. Lviv. 15. no. 3(57). 3. рр. 3–7 (in Ukrainian).
3. Boiko, O. V., Demchuk, S. Yu. (2021). Fenotypova minlyvist oznak spermoproduktyvnosti buhaiv-plidnykiv riznoho napriamu produktyvnosti. [Phenotypic variability of sperm productivity traits of breeding bulls of different productivity directions]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn. Kyiv. no. 62. рр. 130–135 DOI:https://doi.org/10.31073/abg.62.17 (in Ukrainian).
4. Dorotiuk, E. M., Hlotova, H. A. (1994). Holovenkivskyi zavodskyi typ ukrainskoi miasnoi porody velykoi rohatoi khudoby [Golovenkiv local type of Ukrainian meat breed of cattle]. Molochno-miasne skotarstvo. no. 85. рр. 38–43 (in Ukrainian).
5. Khalak, V. I., Hutyi, B. V., Denysiuk, O. V. (2022). Deiaki pokaznyky interieru ta produktyvnist molodniaku velykoi rohatoi khudoby miasnykh porid [Some indicators of interiority and productivity of young beef cattle]. Naukovyi visnyk LNAVM imeni S.Z. Hzhytskoho. Lviv. 24. no. 96. рр. 131–138. DOI:10.32718/nvlvet-a9618 (in Ukrainian).
6. Khmelnychyi, L. M., Salohub, A. M. (2012). Zabiini yakosti buhaitsiv spetsializovanykh miasnykh porid Sumskoho rehionu [Slaughter qualities of specialized beef cattle of the Sumy region]. Tavriiskyi naukovyi visnyk. no. 78. 1:2. рр. 251-256 (in Ukrainian).
7. Kopylova, K. V., Shelov, A. V., Berezovskyi, O. V., Kopylov, K. V., Rossokha, V. I. (2013). Henetychna struktura riznykh porid velykoi rohatoi khudoby za molekuliarno-henetychnymy markeramy [Genetic structure of different breeds of cattle according to molecular genetic markers]. Naukovo-tekhnichnyi biuleten IT NAAN. Kharkiv. no. 110. рр. 76–83 (in Ukrainian).
8. Kozyr, V. S., Gekkiev, A. D., Gogitidze, V. V. (2012). Fiziko-tehnologicheskie svojstva shkur bychkov myasnyh porod v usloviyah stepnoj zony Ukrainy [Physico-technological properties of the hides of bulls of meat breeds in the conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine]. Visnik agrarnoyi nauki Prichornomor’ya. no. 7(70). 2:2. рр. 88–92 (in Ukrainian).
9. Kozyr, V. S. (2016). Kachestvo shkur bychkov myasnyh i kombinirovannyh porod v usloviyah stepnoj zony Ukrainy [The quality of the skins of bulls of meat and combined breeds in the conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine]. Rozvedennya i genetika tvarin. no. 51. рр. 73–78 (in Ukrainian).
10. Kruhliak, A. P. (2017). Bank henetychnykh resursiv – osnova stvorennia, rozvytku novykh ta zberezhennia malochyselnykh porid [The bank of genetic resources is the basis for the creation, development of new and preservation of small breeds]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn. no. 53. рр. 43–50 (in Ukrainian).
11. Kruk, O. (2015). Miasna produktyvnist bychkiv ukrainskoi miasnoi porody [Meat productivity of steers of the Ukrainian meat breed of cattle]. Tvarynnytstvo Ukrainy. 2015. no. 1-2. рр. 5–8 (in Ukrainian).
12. Nakaz № 211 vid 30.07.1993 roku Ministerstva silskoho hospodarstva i prodovolstva Ukrainy «Pro vyvedennia ukrainskoi miasnoi porody velykoi rohatoi khudoby» [About the breeding of the Ukrainian meat breed of cattle]. 13. (in Ukrainian).
13. Nosevych, D. K. (2017). Henotypovi parametry doboru koriv ukrainskoi miasnoi porody [Genotypic parameters of selection of Ukrainian meat breed of cattle]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy. Seriia “Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva”. Kyiv. no. 271. рр. 126–133 (in Ukrainian).
14. Pochukalin, A. Ye. (2022). Stan tvarynnytstva Ukrainy: monitorynh za 2021 rik [The state of livestock breeding in Ukraine: monitoring for 2021]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn. Kyiv. no. 64. рр. 69–83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31073/ abg.64.07 (in Ukrainian).
15. Pochukalin, A. Ye., Reznikova, Yu. M., Priyma, S. V. (2015). Comparative characteristics of domestic beef breeds and their initial genotypes by economical valuable traits. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn. no. 49. рр. 134–140 (in Ukrainian).
16. Siratskyi, I. Z., Fedorovych, Ie. I., Huziev, I. V., Boiko, O. V., Fedorovych, V. V. (2009). Spermoproduktyvnist buhaivplidnykiv riznykh miasnykh porid Ukrainy [Sperm productivity of breeder bulls of different meat breeds of Ukraine]. Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia «Tvarynnytstvo». no. 10(16). 2009. рр. 104–107 (in Ukrainian).
17. Speka, S. S., Shalovylo, S. H., Boiko, A. O. (2011). Stan haluzi miasnoho skotarstva ta obgruntuvannia dotsilnosti stvorennia krupnoho typu v poliskii miasnii porodi [The state of the meat cattle breeding industry and justification of the feasibility of creating a large type in the Polish meat breed]. Naukovyi visnyk LNAVM imeni S. Z. Hzhytskoho. Lviv. 13. no. 4(50). 3. рр. 301–305 (in Ukrainian).
18. Suprun, I. O., Dovha, O. O. (2021). Dynamika pleminnoho miasnoho skotarstva v Ukraini [Dynamics of tribal meat cattle breeding in Ukraine]. Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia «Tvarynnytstvo». 2021. no. 1(44) рр. 92–97 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.lvst.2021.1.13 (in Ukrainian).
19. Sydorenko, O. V. (2014). Kharakterystyka henetychnoho materialu plidnykiv velykoi rohatoi khudoby, yakyi zberihaietsia u banku henetychnykh resursiv tvaryn IRHT NAAN [Characteristics of the genetic material of cattle breeders stored in the bank of animal genetic resources of the IRGT of the National Academy of Sciences]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy. Seriia «Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva». no. 202. рр. 71–77 (in Ukrainian).
20. Tokar, Yu. I. (2016). Miasna produktyvnist buhaitsiv za riznoi shvydkosti rostu [Meat productivity of bulls at different growth rates]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy. Seriia “Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva”. Kyiv. no. 250. рр. 195–200 (in Ukrainian).
21. Uhnivenko, A. M. (2016). Morfolohichnyi sklad piv tush buhaitsiv ukrainskoi miasnoi porody za anatomichnymy chastynamy [Morphological composition of half-carcasses of the Ukrainian meat breed bulls by anatomical parts]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy. Seriia “Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva”. Kyiv. no. 236. рр. 295–299 (in Ukrainian).
22. Uhnivenko, A. M. (2018). Zberezhenist miasnykh teliat na osnovi faktory, shcho vplyvaiut na nei [Conservation of meat calves based on factors affecting it]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy. Seriia “Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva”. Kyiv. no. 289. рр. 71–76 (in Ukrainian).
23. Uhnivenko, A. M., Kruk, O. P. (2016). Otsiniuvannia miasnoi produktyvnosti buhaitsiv zalezhno vid viku pered zaboiem [Evaluation of meat productivity of bulls depending on the age before slaughter]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy. Seriia “Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva”. Kyiv. no. 236. рр. 354–361 (in Ukrainian).
24. Zubets, M. V., Dorotiuk, E. M. (1994). Ukrainska miasna poroda velykoi rohatoi khudoby [Ukrainian meat breed of cattle]. Visnyk ahrarnoi nauky. no. 5. рр. 49–60 (in Ukrainian).
Published
2023-06-16
How to Cite
Pochukalin, A. Y., & Pryima, S. V. (2023). UKRAINIAN MEAT BREED OF CATTLE – 30 YEARS: PAST AND PRESENT DEVELOPMENT OF BREEDING ACHIEVEMENT. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Livestock, (2), 40-44. https://doi.org/10.32782/bsnau.lvst.2023.2.6
Section
Articles
ISSN 
ISSN 
