Abstract
References
- Kumar A, Singh R, Kaur J, et al. Wuhan to world: the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11: 596201.
- Higgins V, Sohaei D, Diamandis EP, et al. COVID-19: from an acute to chronic disease? Potential long-term health consequences. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2021; 58: 297-310.
- Puri A, He L, Giri M, Wu C, Zhao Q. Comparison of comorbidities among severe and non-severe COVID-19 patients in Asian versus non-Asian populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nurs Open 2022; 9: 733-51.
- Shi S, Qin M, Shen B, et al. Association of cardiac injury with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Cardiol 2020; 5: 802–10.
- Luo J, Zhu X, Jian J, et al. Cardiovascular disease in patients with COVID-19: evidence from cardiovascular pathology to treatment. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53: 273-82.
- Adu-Amankwaah J, Mprah R, Adekunle AO, et al. The cardiovascular aspect of COVID-19. Ann Med 2021; 53: 227-36.
- Al-Jahdhami I, Khalid Al-naamani, Al-Mawali A, et al. Respiratory complications after COVID-19. Oman Med J 2022; 37: e343.
- Mo X, Jian W, Su Z, et al. Abnormal pulmonary function in COVID-19 patients at time of hospital discharge. Eur Respir J 2020; 55: 2001217.
- Wu Q, Zhou L, Sun X, et al. Altered lipid metabolism in recovered SARS patients twelve years after infection. Sci Rep 2017; 7: 9110.
- Ngai JC, Ko FW, Ng SS, et al. The long-term impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on pulmonary function, exercise capacity and health status. Respirology 2010; 15: 543–50.
- Park WB, Jun KI, Kim G, et al. Correlation between pneumonia severity and pulmonary complications in Middle East respiratory syndrome. J Korean Med Sci 2018; 33: e169.
- Karagodin I, Singulane CC, Besser SA, et al. Comparison of clinical and echocardiographic features of first and second waves of COVID-19 at a large, tertiary medical center serving a predominantly African American patient population. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 37: 3181-90.
- Wu L, Baylan U, van der Leeden B, et al. Cardiac inflammation and microvascular procoagulant changes are decreased in second wave compared to first wave deceased COVID-19 patients. Int J Cardiol 2022; 349: 157–65.
- WHO 2020. Global surveillance for COVID-19 caused by human infection with COVID-19 virus.
- Hoogenboom WS, Pham A, Anand H, et al. Clinical characteristics of the first and second COVID-19 waves in the Bronx, New York: A retrospective cohort study. Lancet Reg Health Am 2021; 3: 100041.
- Brehm TT, Heyer A, Roedl K, et al. Patient characteristics and clinical course of COVID-19 patients treated at a german tertiary center during the first and second waves in the year 2020. J Clin Med 2021; 10: 2274.
- Carrizales-Sepúlveda EF, Vera-Pineda R, Flores-Ramírez R, et al. Echocardiographic manifestations in COVID-19: A Review. Heart Lung Circ 2021; 30: 1117-29.
- Hamouche W, Bisserier M, Brojakowska A, et al. Pathophysiology and pharmacological management of pulmonary and cardiovascular features of COVID-19. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 153: 72-85.
- Venkataraman T, Frieman MB. The role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling in SARS coronavirus-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Antiviral Res 2017; 143: 142-50.
- Corrales-Medina VF, Alvarez KN, Weissfeld LA, et al. Association between hospitalization for pneumonia and subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease. JAMA 2015; 313: 264–74.
- Cangemi R, Calvieri C, Falcone M, et al. Relation of cardiac complications in the early phase of community-acquired pneumonia to long-term mortality and cardiovascular events. Am J Cardiol 2015; 116: 647–51.
- Franchini M, Marano G, Cruciani M, et al. COVID-19-associated coagulopathy. Diagnosis (Berl) 2020; 7: 357–63.
- Nadkarni GN, Lala A, Bagiella E, et al. Anticoagulation, bleeding, mortality, and pathology in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 76: 1815-26.
- Carsana L, Sonzogni A, Nasr A, et al. Pulmonary post-mortem findings in a series of COVID-19 cases from northern Italy: a two-centre descriptive study. Lancet Infect Dis 2020; 20: 1135–40.
- Lax SF, Skok K, Zechner P, et al. Pulmonary arterial thrombosis in COVID-19 with fatal outcome: results from a prospective, single-center clinicopathologic case series. Ann Intern Med 2020; 173: 350–61.
- Huang Y, Tan C, Wu J, et al. Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on pulmonary function in early convalescence phase. Respir. Res 2020; 21: 163.
- Frija-Masson J, Debray MP, Gilbert M, et al. Functional characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia at 30 days post-infection. Eur Respir J 2020; 56: 2001754.
- Liu YX, Ye YP, Zhang P, et al. Changes in pulmonary function in SARS patients during the three‐year convalescent period. Zhongguo Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue 2007; 19: 536–8.
- Zhang P, Li J, Liu H, et al. Long-term bone and lung consequences associated with hospital-acquired severe acute respiratory syndrome: a 15-year follow-up from a prospective cohort study. Bone Res 2020; 8: 8.
Evaluation of cardio-pulmonary functions of previously healthy adults with moderate-severe COVID-19 pneumonia after discharge
Abstract
Aim: Persistent dyspnea is one of the most frequent post-COVID symptoms. We aimed to evaluate the cardiopulmonary functions of COVID-19 survivors with moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia without comorbidity, during the first wave of pandemics.
Material and Method: The study was conducted retrospectively in a single center. The electronic data of patients applied with dyspnea one month after hospital discharge, without any comorbidities, and who were evaluated with pulmonary function test (PFT) and echocardiography were included in the study. A total of adult 88 patients who suffered from COVID-19 pneumonia (46 moderate and 42 severe) were enrolled. Results of biochemical, hematological and radiological examinations, PFT parameters and echocardiography were recorded and compared between moderate and severe cases.
Results: The mean age of 88 patients included in the study was 48±13 years. Sixty-seven (74.4%) of the patients were male. Pulmonary thromboembolism was not detected in both groups. PFT parameters performed were similar in the two groups and there was no statistically significant difference. Pulmonary function test of the patients with moderate COVID-19 pneumonia revealed mild restriction in 21.7% and moderate restriction in 2% of the patients. In the severe group, 38.1% of the patients had mild and 4.8% of the patients had a moderate restrictive pattern. Small airway obstruction was detected in 37% of the moderate group and in 38.1% of the severe group. Conventional echocardiographic parameters of the two groups were normal. Pulmonary arterial pressures were 22.6±8.3 vs 22.1±6.8; p=0.8 was found. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion were within normal limits.
Conclusıon: The persistent dyspnea following COVID-19 pneumonia may be related to disturbances in PFT even in patients without comorbidities. We concluded that; the detailed evaluation of the patients with prolonged respiratory symptoms might help to detect the cardiopulmonary functional disturbances.
References
- Kumar A, Singh R, Kaur J, et al. Wuhan to world: the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11: 596201.
- Higgins V, Sohaei D, Diamandis EP, et al. COVID-19: from an acute to chronic disease? Potential long-term health consequences. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2021; 58: 297-310.
- Puri A, He L, Giri M, Wu C, Zhao Q. Comparison of comorbidities among severe and non-severe COVID-19 patients in Asian versus non-Asian populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nurs Open 2022; 9: 733-51.
- Shi S, Qin M, Shen B, et al. Association of cardiac injury with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Cardiol 2020; 5: 802–10.
- Luo J, Zhu X, Jian J, et al. Cardiovascular disease in patients with COVID-19: evidence from cardiovascular pathology to treatment. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53: 273-82.
- Adu-Amankwaah J, Mprah R, Adekunle AO, et al. The cardiovascular aspect of COVID-19. Ann Med 2021; 53: 227-36.
- Al-Jahdhami I, Khalid Al-naamani, Al-Mawali A, et al. Respiratory complications after COVID-19. Oman Med J 2022; 37: e343.
- Mo X, Jian W, Su Z, et al. Abnormal pulmonary function in COVID-19 patients at time of hospital discharge. Eur Respir J 2020; 55: 2001217.
- Wu Q, Zhou L, Sun X, et al. Altered lipid metabolism in recovered SARS patients twelve years after infection. Sci Rep 2017; 7: 9110.
- Ngai JC, Ko FW, Ng SS, et al. The long-term impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on pulmonary function, exercise capacity and health status. Respirology 2010; 15: 543–50.
- Park WB, Jun KI, Kim G, et al. Correlation between pneumonia severity and pulmonary complications in Middle East respiratory syndrome. J Korean Med Sci 2018; 33: e169.
- Karagodin I, Singulane CC, Besser SA, et al. Comparison of clinical and echocardiographic features of first and second waves of COVID-19 at a large, tertiary medical center serving a predominantly African American patient population. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 37: 3181-90.
- Wu L, Baylan U, van der Leeden B, et al. Cardiac inflammation and microvascular procoagulant changes are decreased in second wave compared to first wave deceased COVID-19 patients. Int J Cardiol 2022; 349: 157–65.
- WHO 2020. Global surveillance for COVID-19 caused by human infection with COVID-19 virus.
- Hoogenboom WS, Pham A, Anand H, et al. Clinical characteristics of the first and second COVID-19 waves in the Bronx, New York: A retrospective cohort study. Lancet Reg Health Am 2021; 3: 100041.
- Brehm TT, Heyer A, Roedl K, et al. Patient characteristics and clinical course of COVID-19 patients treated at a german tertiary center during the first and second waves in the year 2020. J Clin Med 2021; 10: 2274.
- Carrizales-Sepúlveda EF, Vera-Pineda R, Flores-Ramírez R, et al. Echocardiographic manifestations in COVID-19: A Review. Heart Lung Circ 2021; 30: 1117-29.
- Hamouche W, Bisserier M, Brojakowska A, et al. Pathophysiology and pharmacological management of pulmonary and cardiovascular features of COVID-19. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 153: 72-85.
- Venkataraman T, Frieman MB. The role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling in SARS coronavirus-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Antiviral Res 2017; 143: 142-50.
- Corrales-Medina VF, Alvarez KN, Weissfeld LA, et al. Association between hospitalization for pneumonia and subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease. JAMA 2015; 313: 264–74.
- Cangemi R, Calvieri C, Falcone M, et al. Relation of cardiac complications in the early phase of community-acquired pneumonia to long-term mortality and cardiovascular events. Am J Cardiol 2015; 116: 647–51.
- Franchini M, Marano G, Cruciani M, et al. COVID-19-associated coagulopathy. Diagnosis (Berl) 2020; 7: 357–63.
- Nadkarni GN, Lala A, Bagiella E, et al. Anticoagulation, bleeding, mortality, and pathology in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 76: 1815-26.
- Carsana L, Sonzogni A, Nasr A, et al. Pulmonary post-mortem findings in a series of COVID-19 cases from northern Italy: a two-centre descriptive study. Lancet Infect Dis 2020; 20: 1135–40.
- Lax SF, Skok K, Zechner P, et al. Pulmonary arterial thrombosis in COVID-19 with fatal outcome: results from a prospective, single-center clinicopathologic case series. Ann Intern Med 2020; 173: 350–61.
- Huang Y, Tan C, Wu J, et al. Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on pulmonary function in early convalescence phase. Respir. Res 2020; 21: 163.
- Frija-Masson J, Debray MP, Gilbert M, et al. Functional characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia at 30 days post-infection. Eur Respir J 2020; 56: 2001754.
- Liu YX, Ye YP, Zhang P, et al. Changes in pulmonary function in SARS patients during the three‐year convalescent period. Zhongguo Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue 2007; 19: 536–8.
- Zhang P, Li J, Liu H, et al. Long-term bone and lung consequences associated with hospital-acquired severe acute respiratory syndrome: a 15-year follow-up from a prospective cohort study. Bone Res 2020; 8: 8.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
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| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Original Article |
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| Publication Date | September 25, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 Volume: 5 Issue: 5 |
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