Study of Tribological Synergistic Effect of N-Containing Heterocyclic Borate Ester with Tricresyl Phosphate as Rapeseed Oil Additive

Liping Xiong; Zhongyi He; Feng Xie; Jianqiang Hu; Jian Liu; Sheng Han; Shaomin Yang

doi:10.3139/113.110668

Published by De Gruyter March 9, 2020

Study of Tribological Synergistic Effect of N-Containing Heterocyclic Borate Ester with Tricresyl Phosphate as Rapeseed Oil Additive

Untersuchung der tribologischen synergistischen Wirkung von N-haltigem heterocyclischem Boratester mit Tricresylphosphat als Rapsöladditiv

Liping Xiong , Zhongyi He , Feng Xie , Jianqiang Hu , Jian Liu , Sheng Han and Shaomin Yang

From the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents

https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110668

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Abstract

A single borate ester additive sometimes fails to meet the requirements of modern working conditions, it needs two or more additives for the use. Two N-containing heterocyclic borate esters, 2-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl) ethyl bis(2-aminoethyl) borate (BEB) and bis-(2-amionethyl) (2-benzothiazol-2-ylthio)ethyl borate (MEB) have been synthesized. Their tribological properties were studied by a four-ball tester after mixing with tricresyl phosphate (TCP) in rapeseed oil (RSO). The results show that these complex additives have strong synergistic effects on load carrying and anti-wear properties. At a mass ratio of BEB (MEB) to TCP of 0.5:0.5, the load carrying capability (P_B value) of RSO can be improved by 160.6 % and 204.2 %, respectively. At the same mass ratio, the load carrying capability of the complex additive from the TMx series (MEB with TCP) was better than that of the TBx series (BEB with TCP). The anti-wear effect of TBx was better than that of TMx at high load. The friction reduction of 196 N showed little difference because of the small difference in physical adsorption capacity between TCP and BEB (MEB). The analytical results of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) on the worn steel ball surfaces showed that the complex additives were adsorbed on the lubricating surface and formed a stable protective film during the sliding process due to absorption and tribochemical reactions between the borate ester, TCP and metal surface which helped to improve the tribological properties of RSO.

Kurzfassung

Ein einzelnes Boratesteradditiv erfüllt manchmal nicht die Anforderungen moderner Anwendungsbedingungen, sondern zwei oder mehr Additive werden für den Einsatz benötigt. Zwei Stickstoff-haltige heterocyclische Boratester, 2-(1H-Benzotriazol-1-yl)-ethylbis-(2-aminoethyl)-borat (BEB) und Bis-(2-amionethyl)-(2-benzothiazol-2-ylthioethyl)-ethylborat (MEB) wurden synthetisiert. Ihre tribologischen Eigenschaften nach dem Mischen mit Tricresylphosphat (TCP) in Rapsöl (RSO) wurden mit einem Vierkugelapparat untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass diese komplexen Additive starke synergistische Effekte auf die Belastungsbeanspruchung und Anti-Verschleißeigenschaft haben. Bei einem Massenverhältnis von BEB (MEB) zu TCP von 0,5 : 0,5 kann die Belastungsbeanspruchung (P_B) von RSO um 160,6 % bzw. 204,2 % verbessert werden. Bei dem gleichen Massenverhältnis war die Belastungsbeanspruchung des komplexen Additivs aus der TMx-Reihe (MEB mit TCP) besser als die der TBx-Reihe (BEB with TCP). Der Anti-Verschleißeffekt von TBx war bei hoher Belastung besser als der von TMx. Die Reibungsminderung von 196 N zeigte wegen des geringen Unterschieds bei der physikalischen Adsorptionskapazität zwischen TCP und BEB (MEB) kaum Unterschiede. Die analytischen Ergebnisse der Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (REM) und der Röntgenphotoelektronenspektroskopie (XPS) auf den abgenutzten Stahlkugeloberflächen zeigten, dass die komplexen Additive auf der Schmieroberfläche adsorbiert wurden und während des Gleitvorgangs aufgrund von Absorption und tribochemische Reaktionen zwischen dem Boratester, TCP und Metalloberfläche einen stabilen Grenzfilm bildeten, der zur Verbesserung der tribologischen Eigenschaften von RSO beitrug.

Key words: N-containing heterocyclic borate; synergistic effect; tricresyl phosphate (TCP); tribological property

Stichwörter: N-haltiges heterocyclisches Borat; synergistischer Effekt; Tricresylphosphat (TCP); tribologische Eigenschaft

∗ Correspondence address, Dr. Zhongyi He, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China, E-Mail: hzy220567@163.com

Liping Xiong received her Bachelor degree in Chemistry in 1994 from Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China. She received her M.S. Degree in Environmental Engineering in 2008 from East China jiaotong University. She joined East China Jiaotong University from 2003. Her research interests include nano-lubricating additive and surface treatment of Engineering.

Zhongyi He received his M.S. degrees in Chemical Engineering in 1997 from Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China, and received his Ph.D degrees in Materials Science from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China, in 2004. He joined East China Jiaotong University from 1998. His current position is a Professor of the University. His current research interests cover surface treatment, N-containing heterocyclic lubricant, and molecular structure design of additive.

Feng Xie, male, professor, was born in 1972, and received his Ph.D degrees in Mechanical Engineering. His current position is a Professor of the University. His current research interests cover on the development and application of lubricant additives.

Jianqiang Hu, male, professor, and received his Ph.D degrees in Applied Chemistry. His current position is a Professor of the University. His current research interests cover on surface treatment of metal surface.

Jian Liu, male, was born in 1972, and received his Master degrees in Chemistry. His current research interests is in the oil field surfactant.

Sheng Han, Professor, male, was born in 1974, and received Ph.D degrees in Organic Chemistry from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China, in 2005. His current research interests is in the oil field surfactant.

Shaomin Yang, Professor, male, was born in 1974, and received Ph.D degrees in Analysis Chemistry from Zhe Jiang University, China, in 2005. His current research interests is in Electrochemistry.

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Received: 2018-06-03

Accepted: 2018-08-14

Published Online: 2020-03-09

Published in Print: 2020-03-16

Study of Tribological Synergistic Effect of N-Containing Heterocyclic Borate Ester with Tricresyl Phosphate as Rapeseed Oil Additive

Abstract

Kurzfassung

References

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