Cement Replacement for Sustainable Concrete: An Overview

Abstract

Sustainable Concrete Meet performance requirements of the owner, designers, contractor and producer, Minimize Energy and CO2 Footprint, Minimize Potable Water Use, Minimize Waste, Increase Use of Recycled Content. Current cement production depended highly on non-renewable materials and requires high energy for production of which causes negative impact to the environment. This paper discuses a large number of innovative ideas by varies researchers on the replacement cement for sustainable concrete. About thirty-two (32) supplementary cement materials are considered. These are;  Eggshell Powder Ash, Millet Husk Ash (MHA), Calcium Carbide Waste (CCW), Hypo (Paper) sludge ash, Acha Husk Ash (AHA), Bambara Groundnut Shell Ash (BGSA), Coconut Shell Ash (CSA), Coconut Fibre Ash (CFA), Sewage Sludge Ash (SSA), Brick Dust, Palm Kernel Shell Ash (PKSA), Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash (SCBA), Rice Husk Ash (RHA), Periwinkle Shell Ash, Marble Dust Powder, Granite Powder Slurry, Fly Ash, Glass Powder, Metakaolin, Natural Clay Pozzolana, Natural Zeolite, Corncob Ash (CCA), Dolomite Powder, Bone Ash Powder (BAP), Copper Slag (CS), Saw Dust Ash (SDA), Palm Oil Fuel Ash, Silica Fume, Ground-Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag, Ceramics Powder, Nano Silica and Cement Kiln Dust. This collection of literature survey has elaborated the efficacy of these materials for sustainability and eco-friendliness in the construction industry.