A traverse grinding technique with partially circular wheel on the leading part of acting wheel surface is introduced and experimentally analyzed to prove that high efficiency and high accuracy can be obtained in the traverse grinding. In the technique the effective cutting depth of wheel varies in different positions along wheel width on the acting wheel surface. In other words, the effective cutting depth of wheel increases in the leading part of wheel and takes maximum at a point, and decreases gradually down to zero near the junction between the leading circular part and the following straight one on the acting wheel surface. The variation of the effective cutting depth of wheel characterizes the grinding process and leads to better surface finish in the process. High grinding efficiency can also be obtained in the technique without burning or detriment to surface finish, because the interference of wheel to workpiece in the neighborhood of finishing surface is not affected by increasing the setting depth of wheel. Furthermore the wheel wear in the process is remarkably low as compared with that in the conventional process.