Редкие интерстициальные заболевания легких у младенцев

Диагностика интерстициальных заболеваний легких (ИЗЛ) у младенцев вызывает значительные сложности ввиду того, что дифференциальный ряд охватывает более 200 вариантов нозологий с общей предполагаемой распространенностью 1,6–46 на 100 000, по данным ряда исследований. Таким образом, ИЗЛ младенцев встречаются в 10 раз реже, чем у взрослых. Спектр ИЗЛ младенцев существенно отличается от спектра заболеваний, наблюдаемого у детей старшего возраста и взрослых. Интерес к теме ИЗЛ младенцев возрос за последние 20 лет, о чем свидетельствуют опубликованные результаты многочисленных исследований и обзоров, созданы мультидисциплинарные группы и респираторные общества, такие как Американское торакальное общество (ATS), Европейское респираторное общество по сотрудничеству в области клинических исследований детей с ИЗЛ (ERS CRC chILD-EU), Французский справочный центр редких заболеваний легких (RespiRare) и т. д. В данной лекции обсуждаются последние достижения в изучении и диагностике ИЗЛ младенцев, особое внимание уделяется редким и ультраредким типам ИЗЛ. Кроме того, обсуждаются вопросы этапов диагностического поиска и возрастающая роль компьютерной томографии.

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