REVIEW   

Minerva Endocrinologica 2018 June;43(2):212-20

DOI: 10.23736/S0391-1977.17.02745-6

Copyright © 2017 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA

language: English

Diagnosis and management of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome in 2018

Claudio DE ANGELIS ✉, Pablo CORTEGOSO VALDIVIA, Ludovica VENEZIA, Mauro BRUNO, Rinaldo PELLICANO

Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) is a clinical syndrome characterized by gastric acid hypersecretion due to the ectopic secretion of gastrin by a gastrinoma, a neuroendocrine tumor (NET) which mostly develops in the duodenum and in the pancreas. This syndrome was first described by Zollinger and Ellison in 1964; if left untreated, ZES can lead to multiple complications mainly due to gastric hypersecretion and some patients can suffer from the complications of an advanced metastatic disease. Although its clinical features are considered typical, the diagnosis of ZES is often challenging for the clinician. A previous review was published in 2005 by our group, but in 12 years many things have changed: the diagnostic tools have been improved and many different therapeutical options are now available.

KEY WORDS: Neuroendocrine tumors - Gastrinoma - Zollinger-Ellison syndrome