REVIEW   

Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences 2023 October;67(5):653-63

DOI: 10.23736/S0390-5616.22.05817-9

Copyright © 2022 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA

language: English

Central nervous system hydatidosis around the world: a systematic review

Ahmad POUR-RASHIDI ¹, Mehmet TURGUT ^{2, 3}, Mahshid FALLAHPOUR ⁴, Esmaeil MOHAMMADI ⁵, Sara HANAEI ^{6, 7, 8}, Nima REZAEI ^{7, 8, 9} ✉

¹ Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; ² Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Efeler, Türkiye; ³ Department of Histology and Embryology, Aydın Adnan Menderes University Health Sciences Institute, Efeler, Türkiye; ⁴ Department of Public Health, San Diego State University (SDSU), - University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, CA, USA; ⁵ Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; ⁶ Department of Neurosurgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; ⁷ Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; ⁸ Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; ⁹ School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran

INTRODUCTION: Echinococcosis is a chronic disease caused by Echinococcus species. The central nervous system (CNS) hydatidosis is still a major concern, especially in endemic countries, due to non-specific features and late diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to provide a systematic review to elucidate the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of CNS hydatidosis worldwide over the past decades.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, Ovid, and Google Scholar were systematically searched. The gray literature and the references of included studies were searched as well.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Our results showed that the CNS hydatid cyst was more prevalent in the male gender, and it is known as a recurrent disease with a rate of 26.5%. CNS hydatidosis was more common in the supratentorial region and was also significantly common in developing countries, including Türkiye and Iran.
CONCLUSIONS: It was demonstrated that the disease would be more prevalent in developing countries. Also, there would be a trend toward a male predominance of CNS hydatid cyst, younger age involvement, and the recurrence rate of 25% in general. There is no consensus about chemotherapy unless in recurrent disease and the patients who experienced cyst rupture intraoperatively, recommended for a wide range of 3 to 12 months.

KEY WORDS: Central nervous system; Echinococcosis; Epidemiology; Recurrence