Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklı Hibrit Güç Sistemlerinin Farklı Penetrasyon ve Şebeke Tarifeleri Altında Optimizasyonu

Zafer Öztürk; Alpaslan Demırcı

doi:10.2339/politeknik.1246418

Araştırma Makalesi

Optimization of Renewable Energy Hybrid Power Systems Under Different Penetration and Grid Tariffs

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 3, 1267 - 1275, 01.10.2023

Zafer Öztürk Alpaslan Demırcı

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1246418

Cited By: 3

Öz

The trend towards renewable energy sources (RES) is increasing daily due to energy demand, costs, and environmental concerns. This study investigates the technical, economic, and environmental impacts of changes in energy costs and incentives on hybrid power systems (HPS). Optimization results show optimal HPSs vary between 75-200% penetration (PR) depending on grid energy tariffs and energy sales constraints (GSC). In these scenarios, the renewable fraction (RF) increased to 80%, while the excess electricity (EE) increased to 10%. On the other hand, energy tariffs and grid constraints limit the PR increase in the optimal scenarios. This reduced the RF by up to 26%, limiting the use of clean energy. Due to load mismatch and grid constraints, there was a minimal increase in RF after 200% PR. In addition, removing incentives increased the cost of energy (COE) and total net present costs (NPC) by up to 96%. The results show that grid constraints and energy tariffs directly affect the economic and environmental performance of renewable energy investments and can slow down the pace of these investments. Moreover, it has become clear that controlled incentive packages must continue to achieve zero carbon targets.

Anahtar Kelimeler

energy economics, hybrid power system, optimization, renewable energy, three-time tariff

Kaynakça

[1] P. Denholm et al., "The challenges of achieving a 100% renewable electricity system in the United States", Joule, 5(6): 1331–1352, (2021).
[2] B. Oryani, Y. Koo, S. Rezania, and A. Shafiee, "Barriers to renewable energy technologies penetration: Perspective in Iran", Renewable Energy, 174: 971–983, (2021).
[3] S. Nasirov, C. Silva, and C.A. Agostini "Assessment of Barriers and Opportunities for Renewable Energy Development in Chile", SSRN Journal, 1-14, (2015).
[4] M. Mahama, N.S.A. Derkyi, and C.M. Nwabue, "Challenges of renewable energy development and deployment in Ghana: perspectives from developers", GeoJournal, 86(3): 1425–1439, (2021).
[5] G. Barone, A. Buonomano, C. Forzano, G.F. Giuzio, and A. Palombo, "Increasing renewable energy penetration and energy independence of island communities: A novel dynamic simulation approach for energy, economic, and environmental analysis, and optimization", Journal of Cleaner Production, 311: 1-17, (2021).
[6] A.A. Eras-Almeida, and M.A. Egido-Aguilera, "Hybrid renewable mini-grids on non-interconnected small islands: Review of case studies", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 116(15): 1-20, (2019).
[7] G. Notton, J.L. Duchaud, M.L. Nivet, C. Voyant, K. Chalvatzis, and A. Fouilloy, "The electrical energy situation of French islands and focus on the Corsican situation", Renewable Energy, 135(C): 1157–1165, (2019).
[8] D. Curto, V. Franzitta, A. Viola, M. Cirrincione, A. Mohammadi, and A. Kumar, "A renewable energy mix to supply small islands. A comparative study applied to Balearic Islands and Fiji", Journal of Cleaner Production, 241: 1-19, (2019).
[9] D. Curto, S. Favuzza, V. Franzitta, R. Musca, M. A. Navarro Navia, and G. Zizzo, "Evaluation of the optimal renewable electricity mix for Lampedusa island: The adoption of a technical and economical methodology", Journal of Cleaner Production, 263: 1-18, (2020).
[10] D. Groppi, D. Astiaso Garcia, G. Lo Basso, and L. De Santoli, "Synergy between smart energy systems simulation tools for greening small Mediterranean islands," Renewable Energy, 135: 515–524, May (2019).
[11] D. M. Gioutsos, K. Blok, L. van Velzen, and S. Moorman, "Cost-optimal electricity systems with increasing renewable energy penetration for islands across the globe", Applied Energy, 226: 437–449, (2018).
[12] T. Olowu, A. Sundararajan, M. Moghaddami, and A. Sarwat, "Future Challenges and Mitigation Methods for High Photovoltaic Penetration: A Survey", Energies, 11(7): 1-32, (2018).
[13] "Marmara Islands Municipality Energy Report", (2021). https://www.marmara.bel.tr
[14] “Elektrik Piyasası Tarifeler Listesi”, T.C. Enerji Piyasası Düzenleme Kurumu, (2023). https://www.epdk.gov.tr/Detay/Icerik/3-0-1/tarifeler
[15] K. Elmaadawy, K.M. Kotb, M.R. Elkadeem, S.W. Sharshir, A. Dán, A. Moawad, and B. Liu, "Optimal sizing and techno-enviro-economic feasibility assessment of large-scale reverse osmosis desalination powered with hybrid renewable energy sources", Energy Conversion and Management, 224: 1-18, (2020).
[16] O. Ellabban, and A. Alassi, "Optimal hybrid microgrid sizing framework for the mining industry with three case studies from Australia", IET Renewable Power Generation, 15(2): 409–423, (2021).
[17] R. Chaurasia, S. Gairola, and Y. Pal, "Technical, economic feasibility and sensitivity analysis of solar photovoltaic/battery energy storage off‐grid integrated renewable energy system", Energy Storage, 4(1): 1-18, (2022).
[18] A. Demirci, O. Akar, and Z. Ozturk, "Technical-environmental-economic evaluation of biomass-based hybrid power system with energy storage for rural electrification," Renewable Energy, 195: 1202–1217, (2022).
[19] "Trading Economics", (2023). https://tradingeconomics.com/country-list/inflation-rate?continent=world
[20] Z. Ozturk, S. Tosun, A. Ozturk, and O. Akar, "Comparative Evaluation of Stand-Alone Hybrid Power System with Different Energy Storages", Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 30: 10908–10924, (2021).
[21] Z. Ozturk, A. Demirci, S. Tosun, and A. Ozturk, "Technic and Economic Effects of Changes in the Location of Industrial Facilities in Industrializing Regions on Power Systems", 2021 13th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ELECO), 11–17, (2021).
[22] M.B. Shafik, G.I. Rashed, and H. Chen, "Optimizing Energy Savings and Operation of Active Distribution Networks Utilizing Hybrid Energy Resources and Soft Open Points: Case Study in Sohag, Egypt", IEEE Access, 8: 28704–28717, (2020).
[23] A. Demirci, Z. Ozturk, and S. M. Tercan, "Decision-making between hybrid renewable energy configurations and grid extension in rural areas for different climate zones", Energy, 262(A): 1-14, (2023).
[24] M. Lugmayr, "Encyclopedia of Global Warming & Climate Change International Renewable Energy Agency", (2012). https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2021/Jun/IRENA_Power_Generation_Costs_2020.pdf
[25] S. M. Tercan, A. Demirci, E. Gokalp, and U. Cali, "Maximizing self-consumption rates and power quality towards two-stage evaluation for solar energy and shared energy storage empowered microgrids", Journal of Energy Storage, 51: 1-13, (2022).

Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklı Hibrit Güç Sistemlerinin Farklı Penetrasyon ve Şebeke Tarifeleri Altında Optimizasyonu

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 3, 1267 - 1275, 01.10.2023

Zafer Öztürk Alpaslan Demırcı

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1246418

Cited By: 3

Öz

Enerji talebi ve maliyetlerindeki artışlara ve çevresel kaygılara bağlı olarak yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına (RES) yönelim gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, enerji maliyet ve teşviklerindeki değişimlerin hibrit güç sistemleri (HPS) üzerindeki teknik, ekonomik ve çevresel etkileri incelenmiştir. Optimizasyon sonuçları, şebeke enerji tarifeleri ve enerji satış kısıtlarına (GSC) bağlı olarak optimal HPS’lerin %75-200 penetrasyon (PR) arasında değiştiğini göstermiştir. Bu senaryolarda yenilenebilirlik oranı (RF) %80’lere kadar artarken, artan enerji (EE) %10’a kadar yükselmiştir. Diğer taraftan, tarife değişiklikleri ve şebeke kısıtları optimal senaryolardaki PR artışını kısıtlamıştır. Bu durum RF’i %26’ya kadar azaltarak temiz enerji kullanımını sınırlandırmıştır. Yük örtüşmezliği ve şebeke kısıtları nedeniyle %200 PR sonrasında RF’de çok az bir artış gerçekleşmiştir. Ayrıca teşviklerin kalkması, birim enerji (COE) ve şimdiki toplam net maliyetlerini (NPC) %96’ya kadar artırmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar şebeke güç kısıtları ve enerji tarifelerinin yenilenebilir enerji yatırımlarının ekonomik ve çevresel performansını doğrudan etkilediğini ve bu yatırımların hızını yavaşlatabileceğini göstermiştir. Dahası, sıfır karbon hedeflerine ulaşmak için kontrollü teşvik paketlerinin devam etmesi gerekliliği açıkça ortaya çıkmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Enerji ekonomisi, hibrit güç sistemi, optimizasyon, üç zamanlı tarife, yenilenebilir enerji

Kaynakça

[1] P. Denholm et al., "The challenges of achieving a 100% renewable electricity system in the United States", Joule, 5(6): 1331–1352, (2021).
[2] B. Oryani, Y. Koo, S. Rezania, and A. Shafiee, "Barriers to renewable energy technologies penetration: Perspective in Iran", Renewable Energy, 174: 971–983, (2021).
[3] S. Nasirov, C. Silva, and C.A. Agostini "Assessment of Barriers and Opportunities for Renewable Energy Development in Chile", SSRN Journal, 1-14, (2015).
[4] M. Mahama, N.S.A. Derkyi, and C.M. Nwabue, "Challenges of renewable energy development and deployment in Ghana: perspectives from developers", GeoJournal, 86(3): 1425–1439, (2021).
[5] G. Barone, A. Buonomano, C. Forzano, G.F. Giuzio, and A. Palombo, "Increasing renewable energy penetration and energy independence of island communities: A novel dynamic simulation approach for energy, economic, and environmental analysis, and optimization", Journal of Cleaner Production, 311: 1-17, (2021).
[6] A.A. Eras-Almeida, and M.A. Egido-Aguilera, "Hybrid renewable mini-grids on non-interconnected small islands: Review of case studies", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 116(15): 1-20, (2019).
[7] G. Notton, J.L. Duchaud, M.L. Nivet, C. Voyant, K. Chalvatzis, and A. Fouilloy, "The electrical energy situation of French islands and focus on the Corsican situation", Renewable Energy, 135(C): 1157–1165, (2019).
[8] D. Curto, V. Franzitta, A. Viola, M. Cirrincione, A. Mohammadi, and A. Kumar, "A renewable energy mix to supply small islands. A comparative study applied to Balearic Islands and Fiji", Journal of Cleaner Production, 241: 1-19, (2019).
[9] D. Curto, S. Favuzza, V. Franzitta, R. Musca, M. A. Navarro Navia, and G. Zizzo, "Evaluation of the optimal renewable electricity mix for Lampedusa island: The adoption of a technical and economical methodology", Journal of Cleaner Production, 263: 1-18, (2020).
[10] D. Groppi, D. Astiaso Garcia, G. Lo Basso, and L. De Santoli, "Synergy between smart energy systems simulation tools for greening small Mediterranean islands," Renewable Energy, 135: 515–524, May (2019).
[11] D. M. Gioutsos, K. Blok, L. van Velzen, and S. Moorman, "Cost-optimal electricity systems with increasing renewable energy penetration for islands across the globe", Applied Energy, 226: 437–449, (2018).
[12] T. Olowu, A. Sundararajan, M. Moghaddami, and A. Sarwat, "Future Challenges and Mitigation Methods for High Photovoltaic Penetration: A Survey", Energies, 11(7): 1-32, (2018).
[13] "Marmara Islands Municipality Energy Report", (2021). https://www.marmara.bel.tr
[14] “Elektrik Piyasası Tarifeler Listesi”, T.C. Enerji Piyasası Düzenleme Kurumu, (2023). https://www.epdk.gov.tr/Detay/Icerik/3-0-1/tarifeler
[15] K. Elmaadawy, K.M. Kotb, M.R. Elkadeem, S.W. Sharshir, A. Dán, A. Moawad, and B. Liu, "Optimal sizing and techno-enviro-economic feasibility assessment of large-scale reverse osmosis desalination powered with hybrid renewable energy sources", Energy Conversion and Management, 224: 1-18, (2020).
[16] O. Ellabban, and A. Alassi, "Optimal hybrid microgrid sizing framework for the mining industry with three case studies from Australia", IET Renewable Power Generation, 15(2): 409–423, (2021).
[17] R. Chaurasia, S. Gairola, and Y. Pal, "Technical, economic feasibility and sensitivity analysis of solar photovoltaic/battery energy storage off‐grid integrated renewable energy system", Energy Storage, 4(1): 1-18, (2022).
[18] A. Demirci, O. Akar, and Z. Ozturk, "Technical-environmental-economic evaluation of biomass-based hybrid power system with energy storage for rural electrification," Renewable Energy, 195: 1202–1217, (2022).
[19] "Trading Economics", (2023). https://tradingeconomics.com/country-list/inflation-rate?continent=world
[20] Z. Ozturk, S. Tosun, A. Ozturk, and O. Akar, "Comparative Evaluation of Stand-Alone Hybrid Power System with Different Energy Storages", Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 30: 10908–10924, (2021).
[21] Z. Ozturk, A. Demirci, S. Tosun, and A. Ozturk, "Technic and Economic Effects of Changes in the Location of Industrial Facilities in Industrializing Regions on Power Systems", 2021 13th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ELECO), 11–17, (2021).
[22] M.B. Shafik, G.I. Rashed, and H. Chen, "Optimizing Energy Savings and Operation of Active Distribution Networks Utilizing Hybrid Energy Resources and Soft Open Points: Case Study in Sohag, Egypt", IEEE Access, 8: 28704–28717, (2020).
[23] A. Demirci, Z. Ozturk, and S. M. Tercan, "Decision-making between hybrid renewable energy configurations and grid extension in rural areas for different climate zones", Energy, 262(A): 1-14, (2023).
[24] M. Lugmayr, "Encyclopedia of Global Warming & Climate Change International Renewable Energy Agency", (2012). https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2021/Jun/IRENA_Power_Generation_Costs_2020.pdf
[25] S. M. Tercan, A. Demirci, E. Gokalp, and U. Cali, "Maximizing self-consumption rates and power quality towards two-stage evaluation for solar energy and shared energy storage empowered microgrids", Journal of Energy Storage, 51: 1-13, (2022).

Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	Türkçe
Konular	Mühendislik
Bölüm	Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar	Zafer Öztürk 0000-0002-1947-9053 Alpaslan Demırcı 0000-0002-1038-7224
Erken Görünüm Tarihi	16 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi	1 Ekim 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi	2 Şubat 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2023 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA	Öztürk, Z., & Demırcı, A. (2023). Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklı Hibrit Güç Sistemlerinin Farklı Penetrasyon ve Şebeke Tarifeleri Altında Optimizasyonu. Politeknik Dergisi, 26(3), 1267-1275. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1246418
AMA	Öztürk Z, Demırcı A. Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklı Hibrit Güç Sistemlerinin Farklı Penetrasyon ve Şebeke Tarifeleri Altında Optimizasyonu. Politeknik Dergisi. Ekim 2023;26(3):1267-1275. doi:10.2339/politeknik.1246418
Chicago	Öztürk, Zafer, ve Alpaslan Demırcı. “Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklı Hibrit Güç Sistemlerinin Farklı Penetrasyon Ve Şebeke Tarifeleri Altında Optimizasyonu”. Politeknik Dergisi 26, sy. 3 (Ekim 2023): 1267-75. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1246418.
EndNote	Öztürk Z, Demırcı A (01 Ekim 2023) Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklı Hibrit Güç Sistemlerinin Farklı Penetrasyon ve Şebeke Tarifeleri Altında Optimizasyonu. Politeknik Dergisi 26 3 1267–1275.
IEEE	Z. Öztürk ve A. Demırcı, “Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklı Hibrit Güç Sistemlerinin Farklı Penetrasyon ve Şebeke Tarifeleri Altında Optimizasyonu”, Politeknik Dergisi, c. 26, sy. 3, ss. 1267–1275, 2023, doi: 10.2339/politeknik.1246418.
ISNAD	Öztürk, Zafer - Demırcı, Alpaslan. “Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklı Hibrit Güç Sistemlerinin Farklı Penetrasyon Ve Şebeke Tarifeleri Altında Optimizasyonu”. Politeknik Dergisi 26/3 (Ekim 2023), 1267-1275. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1246418.
JAMA	Öztürk Z, Demırcı A. Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklı Hibrit Güç Sistemlerinin Farklı Penetrasyon ve Şebeke Tarifeleri Altında Optimizasyonu. Politeknik Dergisi. 2023;26:1267–1275.
MLA	Öztürk, Zafer ve Alpaslan Demırcı. “Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklı Hibrit Güç Sistemlerinin Farklı Penetrasyon Ve Şebeke Tarifeleri Altında Optimizasyonu”. Politeknik Dergisi, c. 26, sy. 3, 2023, ss. 1267-75, doi:10.2339/politeknik.1246418.
Vancouver	Öztürk Z, Demırcı A. Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklı Hibrit Güç Sistemlerinin Farklı Penetrasyon ve Şebeke Tarifeleri Altında Optimizasyonu. Politeknik Dergisi. 2023;26(3):1267-75.