Pesticidi i fitomedicina 2022 Volume 37, Issue 2, Pages: 49-62
https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF2202049I
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Fusarium species associated with wheat head blight disease in Algeria: Characterization and effects of triazole fungicides
Imane Belabed (Department of Biology, Laboratory of Characterization and Valorisation of Natural Resources, FSNV-STU, University of BBA, Algeria)
Hannane Abed (Department of Biology, Laboratory of Characterization and Valorisation of Natural Resources, FSNV-STU, University of BBA, Algeria)
Amor Bencheikh (Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Faculty FSNV - UFAS Setif, Algeria)
Noureddine Rouag (Department of Agronomy, Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Faculty FSNV - UFAS Setif, Algeria), n.rouag _rn@univ-setif.dz
Fusarium head blight is an important disease of durum wheat which requires
several fungicide treatments of seeds to achieve satisfactory control. The
current study was carried out to evaluate commercially available fungicides
in vitro for their efficacy against eighteen Fusarium spp. isolates
collected from different fields in the north-eastern part of Algeria. The
morphological and molecular characterization reveals the presence in wheat
seeds of the main species complexes F. acuminatum, F. equiseti, F.
avenaceum, F. solani, F. culomorum, F. incarnatum-equiseti, as well as F.
tricinctum species complex and F. chlamydosporum species complex. Antifungal
activity of fungicides shows that all triazoles tested have proven their
effectiveness in inhibiting the mycelial growth of various strains of
Fusarium tested. However, their sensitivity varies between them
significantly (p<0.05) depending on the dose applied and period of exposure
to each fungicide. The results showed that tebuconazole (Raxil and Tébuzole)
and the combination fludioxonil + difenoconazole greatly reduced the
mycelial growth of Fusarium isolates by 84.31%, 82.94%, 81.33%,
respectively, as compared to difenoconazole alone (73.16%) at the
recommended dose after five days of exposure. Regarding their effect on
conidia germination, tebuconazole was more effective than fludioxonil +
difenoconazole, which leads to deformation of cell wall structure and
fragmentation of conidia. These results will provide useful information to
select suitable fungicides for seed treatment and management of wheat head
blight disease.
Keywords: wheat, Fusarium, fungicides, toxicity
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