Does the Type of Cereal Grain in Broiler Diets Affect the Susceptibility to Ascites Syndrome?

Document Type : Original Paper

Authors

1 Department of Animal Science ,Faculty of Agriculture ,Sharekord University ,Shahrekord ,Iran

2 Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to address the relationship between the types of cereal grain and ascites syndrome in broiler chickens raised in a high-altitude region. A number of 252 one-day-old broiler chicks (Cobb 500 strain) were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments including a corn-soybean diet (corn diet), a wheat-soybean diet (wheat diet), and a barley-soybean diet (barley diet). Chicks were kept on experimental diets for 42 days, during which growth performance and carcass traits were assessed, and blood samples collected. Results indicated that corn substitution with wheat and barley significantly suppressed feed intake, growth rate, and lipogenesis as reflected in lower serum cholesterol, triacylglycerols, and abdominal fat deposition (P = 0.0001). Feeding barley resulted in down-regulation of TLR2 and GLUT2 genes but caused an up-regulation of FABP2 gene in jejunum as compared to the corn control. Feeding wheat and barley did not significantly affect the relative weights of the heart, and the right to total ventricular weight ratio (RV/TV). Mortality from ascites was not significant among treatment groups. In conclusion, substituting corn for wheat or barley could impair broiler performance, but under the conditions of this experiment had no significant impact on susceptibility to ascites.

Keywords

References

Alavijeh MK & Karimi K. 2019. Biobutanol production from corn stover in the US. Industrial Crops and Products Journal, 129: 641-653. DOI: 10.1016/J.Indcrop.2018.12.054
Anthony NB, Balog JM, Staudinger FB, Wall CW, Walker RD & Huff WE. 1994. Effect of a urease inhibitor and ceiling fans on ascites in broilers: 1. Environmental variability and incidence of ascites. Poultry Science Journal, 73(6): 801-809. DOI: 10.382/ps.0730801
Balog JM, Anthony NB, Wall CW, Walker RD, Rath NC & Huff WE. 1994. Effect of a urease inhibitor and ceiling fans on ascites in broilers: 2. Blood variables, ascites scores, and body and organ weights. Poultry Science Journal, 73(6): 810-816. DOI: 103382/ PS. 0730810
Behrooj N, Khajali F & Hassanpour H. 2012. Feeding reduced‐protein diets to broilers subjected to hypobaric hypoxia is associated with the development of pulmonary hypertension syndrome. British Poultry Science, 53: 658–664. DOI:10.1080/00071668.2012.727082
Choct M & Annison G. 1992. Anti-nutritive effect of wheat pentosans in broiler chickens: Roles of viscosity and gut microflora. British Poultry Science Journal, 33: 821–834. DOI: 10.1080/00071669208417524
Dorak M. 2006. Real time PCR. Taylor & Francis, Oxford University Publication: UK. DOI: 10.4324/9780203967317.
Grote U, Fasse A, Nguyen TT & Erenstein O. 2021. Food security and the dynamics of wheat and maize value chains in Africa and Asia. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems.4: p.617009. DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.617009
Hassanpour H, Bahadoran S, Farhadfar F, Fallahi Chamali Z, Nazari H & Kaewduangta W. 2018. Identification of reliable reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR in lung and heart of pulmonary hypertensive chickens. Poultry Science Journal, 97: 4048-4056. DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey258
Hossain ME & Akter N. 2022. Further insights into the prevention of pulmonary hypertension syndrome (ascites) in broiler: a 65-year review. World's Poultry Science Journal, 78(3): 641-688. DOI:10.1080/00439339. 2022.2090305
Kalantar M, Khajali F & Yaghobfar A. 2016. Effect of cereal type and enzyme addition on performance, pancreatic enzyme activity, intestinal microflora and gut morphology of broilers. Poultry Science Journal, 4(1): 63-71. DOI: 10.22069/psj.2016.2973
Khadem A, Lourenço M, Delezie E, Maerten L, Goderis A, Mombaerts R, Höfte M, Eeckhaut V, VanImmerseel F & Janssens GPJ. 2016.  Does release of encapsulated nutrients have an important role in the efficacy of xylanase in broiler?  Poultry Science Journal, 95(5): 1066-1076. DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew002
Khajali F & Wideman RF. 2016. Nutritional approaches to ameliorate pulmonary hypertension in broiler chickens. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 100(1): 3-14. DOI:10.1111/jpn.12315
Khajali F. 2022. Managing broiler production challenges at high altitude. Veterinary Medicine and Science, 8(4): 1519-1527. DOI: 10.1002/vms3.784
Knarrenborg A, Engberg RM, Jensen SK & Jensen BB. 2002. Quantitative determination of bile salt hydrolase activity in bacteria isolated from the small intestine of chickens. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 68: 6425-6428. DOI: 10.1128/ AEM.68.126425-6428.2002
Ruijter J, Ramakers C, Hoogar SW, Karlen Y, Baker O, Vandenhoff M & Moorman A. 2009. Amplification efficiency: linking baseline and bias in the analysis of quantitative PCR data. Nucleic Acids Research. 37: 1-12. DOI: 10.1039/nar/gkp.45
Nair V & Turner G. 1984. The thio barbituric acid test for lipid peroxidation: Structure of the adduct with malondialdehyde. Lipids, 19(10): 804–805. DOI: 10.1007/BF02534475
Saedi M & Khajali F. 2010. Blood gas values and pulmonary hypertension as affected by dietary sodium source in broiler chickens reared at cool temperature in a high-altitude area. Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 58(3): 379-388. DOI: 10.1556/avet.58.2010.3.10
SAS Institute Inc. 2007. SAS/STAT user`s Guide Release 9. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
Taheri HR, Tanha N & Shahir MH. 2016. Effect of wheat bran inclusion in barley-based diet on villus morphology of jejunum, serum cholesterol, abdominal fat and growth performance of  broiler chickens. Journal of Livestock Science and Technologies, 4(1): 9-16. DOI: 10.221.3/JLST.2016.1374
Von Wettstein D, Mikhaylenko G, Froseth JA & Kannangara CG.  2000. Improved barley broiler feed with transgenic malt containing heat-stable (1, 3–1, 4)-β-glucanase. Proceedings of  the National Academy of Sciences Journal, 97(25): 13512-13517. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.97.25.13512
Yousefi A, Khajali F, Hassanpour H, & Khajali Z. Dietary L-carnitine improves pulmonary hypertensive response in broiler chickens subjected to hypobaric hypoxia. Journal of Poultry Science 50(2): 143-149. DOI:10.2141/ jpsa.0120145
Zaefarian F, Abdollahi MR, Cowieson A & Ravindran V. 2019. Avian liver: the forgotten organ. Animals Journal, 9(2): 63-71. DOI: 10.1080/00071 669208417524
Poultry Science Journal
Volume 12, Issue 1
March 2024
Pages 35-41

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics