بررسی برخی خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی و بقای باکتریهای پروبیوتیک آبمیوه های سین بیوتیک صنعتی به روش سطح پاسخ وطرح‌آزمایشی دی اپتیمال با فاکتوریل ناقص

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

2 استاد، گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
سابقه و هدف:
در سال‌های اخیر مصرف کنندگان علاوه بر در نظر گرفتن ویژگی‌های تغذیه‌ای که به صورت متعارف از یک ماده غذایی انتظار می رود به خصوصیات سلامت بخش محصول نیز توجه ویژه‌ای دارند. امروزه آبمیوه‌های پروبیوتیک در صنعت توجه خاصی نشده است و سابقه پژوهش کمی دارد. لذا انتخاب دو آبمیوه سیب و آلبالو دامنه pH می تواند الگویی مناسب برای سایر آبمیوه ها نیز باشد.
مواد و روش ها:
در این پژوهش به بررسی تاثیر 5 متغیر شامل نوع میوه(سیب، آلبالو)، اینولین، نوع میکروارگانیسم پروبیوتیک(لاکتوباسیلوس اسیدوفیلوس و لاکتوباسیلوس کازئی) و روش افزودن پروبیوتیک (انکپسوله و آزاد) و زمان نگهداری(1، 7، 14 و 21 روز) بر برخی از پارامترهای فیزیکوشیمیایی آبمیوه ها (کدورت، ویسکوزیته، قند کل و ویتامین C) پرداخته شد. از روش سطح پاسخ D-Optimal با فاکتوریل ناقص برای طراحی آزمایش استفاده گردید و آنالیز آن با نرم افزار SAS 4.5 صورت گرفت.
یافته ها:
آنالیز واریانس داده ها در سطح 5 درصد نشان داد که بجز کدورت بقیه متغیرهای مستقل اثرات معنی دار(05/0 p<) بر متغیرهای وابسته در این پژوهش داشتند. در میکروارگانیسمهای انکپس وله آلبالو میزان کدورت ثابت (تقریبا 4) و در سلولهای آزاد این مقدار کاهش می یابد(5/1). در میوه سیب میزان کدورت در حالت انکپسوله و آزاد ثابت است(8/2) . نتایج ویسکوزیته نشان داد آب سیب حداقل ویسکوزیته(25/1) و آب آلبالو از ویسکوزیته بالایی(32/1) برخوردار است که وابسته به نوع ترکیب میوه و فرمولاسیون آن می باشد. همچنین نتایج قند کل نشان داد سیب بیشترین مقدار درصد قند (2/10) و آلبالو کمترین مقدار درصد قند (1/4) برخوردار است. در مدت یک‌ماه این مقادیر در انکپسوله ها بیشتر از آزاد بود که به علت تخمیر کمتر توسط میکروبها انجام شد. نمودار ویتامین C نشان می دهد سیب کمترین مقدار (4 درصد) و آلبالو بیشترین مقدار(18 درصد) را به خود اختصاص داد. میکروبهای انکپسوله و آزاد تاثیر چندانی در ویتامین C نداشتند.
نتیجه گیری:
نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق نشان داد که می توان آبمیوه سین بیوتیک را به عنوان یک محصول جدید فراسودمند با حداکثر زمان انقضا یک‌ماه با توجه به آنالیز فیزیکوشیمیایی به بازار معرفی نمود. به علاوه نمونه هایی که حاوی میکروارگانیسمهای انکپسوله بودند زمان نگهداری و خواص ارگانولپتیکی بهتری نسبت به بقیه دارند. همچنین در میوه های اسیدی این زمان ماندگاری کمتر می شود که از روز بیست و یکم به بعد آنالیز فیزیکوشیمیایی آبمیوه تغییرات محسوسی می یابد و غیر قابل مصرف می شود.
واژه های کلیدی: آبمیوه، پروبیوتیک، پری بیوتیک، فیزیکوشیمیایی

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of some physicochemical and survival of probiotic bacteria properties of industrial synbiotic juices by Response Surface and D-Optimal design with incomplete factorial

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammadyar Hosseini 1
  • Mohammad Alizadeh 2
  • Mahmoud Rezazadbari 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

Investigation of some physicochemical and survival of probiotic bacteria properties of industrial synbiotic juices by Response Surface and D-Optimal design with incomplete factorial
Abstract
Background and objectives:
In recent years, consumers, in addition to considering the nutritional characteristics that are normally a desired food, also pay special attention to the health characteristics of the product. Today, probiotic juices have not received much attention in the industry and have little research history. Therefore, choosing apple and cherry juices as a high pH range can be a model for other juices.
Materials and methods:
In this study, the effect of 5 variables including fruit type (apple, cherry), inulin, type of probiotic microorganisms (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei) and probiotic addition method (encapsulated and free) and storage time (1, 7, 14 and 21 days) were investigated). Some physicochemical properties of juices (turbidity, viscosity, total sugar and vitamin C) were studied. The D-Optimal response surface methodology with incomplete factorial was used to design the experiment and its analysis was performed with SAS 4.5 software.
Results:
Analysis of variance at 5% level of significance showed that except for turbidity, other independent variables had significant effects (p < 0.05) on dependent variables in this study. In the microorganisms of cherry encapsulation, the amount of turbidity is constant (approximately 4) and in free cells this amount is reduced (1.5). In apple fruit, the amount of turbidity is constant in encapsulated and free (2.8). The viscosity results showed that apple juice has a minimum viscosity (1.25) and cherry juice has a high viscosity (1.32), which depends on the type of fruit composition and its formulation. Also, the results of total sugar showed that apples have the highest percentage of sugar (10.2) and cherries have the lowest percentage of sugar (4.1). Within a month, these values were higher in the encapsulation than in the free, which was due to less fermentation by microbes. The vitamin C chart shows that apples had the lowest amount (4%) and cherries had the highest amount (18%). Encapsulated and free microbes had little effect on vitamin C.
Conclusion:
The results of this study showed that synbiotic juice can be introduced to the market as a profitable new product with a maximum expiration time of one month according to physicochemical analysis. In addition, samples containing encapsulated microorganisms have better storage time and organoleptic properties than others. Also, in acidic fruits, this shelf life is reduced, which from the twenty-first day onwards, the physicochemical analysis of the juice changes significantly and becomes unusable.
Keywords: Juices, probiotics, prebiotics, physicochemical

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Juices
  • probiotics
  • prebiotics
  • physicochemical
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