بررسی تاريخی و سياسی اوضاع سمرقند از ابتدای ورود اعراب تا خلافت مأمون
مجله تاریخ پزشکی - علمی پژوهشی,
دوره 12 شماره 00 (1399),
13 September 2020
,
صفحه 311-326
https://doi.org/10.22037/mhj.v12i1.33598
چکیده
زمينه و هدف: بسياري از محققين درباره سمرقند اطلاع دقيقي از آن قبل از اسلام ندارند و اكثر نوشتهها پراكنده است؛ بعد از اسلام نيز منابع سمرقند كمتر از ديگر شهرهاي خراسان بزرگ است؛ ولي از نوشتهها ميتوان دريافت كه از بزرگترين شهرهاي ماوراءالنهر بوده و از شاهراههای بزرگ بازرگاني بوده است؛ هدف از اين مطالعه بررسي تاريخي و سياسي اوضاع سمرقند از ابتداي ورود اعراب تا خلافت مأمون ميباشد.
مواد و روشها: در اين پژوهش روش پژوهش مروري و از نوع توصيفي - تحليلي ميباشد.
يافتهها: اعراب از نيمه دوم قرن اول هجري و به خاطر فتح خراسان به سمرقند وارد شدند. قتيبه بن مسلم تمام سمرقند را به عراق ملحق كرد؛ سمرقند در زمان عباسيان دست ابومسلم بود و آن شهر تا مدتي در آسایش بود؛ ولي پس از قتل ابو مسلم، عباسیان واليان متعددي را به سوي سمرقند روانه كردند و آنجا را در سیطره خود داشتند.
ملاحظات اخلاقي: در اين پژوهش اصل امانت، صداقت و پرهيز از جانبداري از متون لحاظ شده است.
نتيجهگيري: اعراب مسلمان در تعقيب يزدگرد سوم وارد خراسان و سپس مرو شدند؛ در آن هنگام كه متوجه دو قدرت بزرگ به نام چينيان و تركان در آنجا شدند و فتوحات اعراب بيشتر براي مقابله با حملههای احتمالي چين و تركان بوده است؛ عباسيان كه نياي آنها به عبدالمطلب برميگردد؛ به نام اسلام و با نزديكي به علويان قیام نمودند، ولی همه را کنار زدند و این پیروزی را به نام خود به انحصار بردتد. عباسيان نيز با كشتن ابومسلم واليهاي مختلفي را به سوي سمرقند راهي نمودند.
- تاريخي؛ سياسي؛ سمرقند؛ اعراب؛ عباسیان؛ امویان؛ ترکان
ارجاع به مقاله
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