بررسی ارتباط مؤلفه‌های زیست‌حرکتی با تیپ‌بدنی دانش‌آموزان مقطع ابتدایی شهر دلفان

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه فرهنگیان

2 دانشگاه تهران

3 دانشگاه خوارزمی

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: نوع تیپ‌بدنی معرف شکل مورفولوژیکی در مقاطع معینی از سن است که با آمادگی قلبی - تنفسی مرتبط است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی ارتباط متغیرهای زیست حرکتی با تیپ بدنی دانش‌آموزان مقطع ابتدایی شهر دلفان بود.
مواد و روش ­ها: بدین منظور تعداد 150 دانش‌آموز پسر غیرورزشکار با میانگین قد 13.85±152.45 سانتی­متر، وزن 12.76±44.07 کیلوگرم و شاخص توده بدنی 3.91±19.08 کیلوگرم بر مترمربع در پی فراخوان عمومی مرکز ورزش ‌درمانی فتیان به‌صورت داوطلبانه و در دسترس در این پژوهش شرکت نمودند. جهت بررسی تیپ‌بدنی از متغیرهای منتخب پیکرسنجی به روش هیث وکارتر (اکتومورف، مزومورف، اندومورف) و برای بررسی مؤلفه­ های فیزیولوژیکی از شاخص VO2max، توان بی‌هوازی و توان انفجاری استفاده شد. تحلیل داده‌ها با روش آماری آزمون همبستگی و تحلیل واریانس یک‌راهه و دانکن در نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 26 در سطح 0.05>P انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج حاصل از آزمون همبستگی پیرسون نشان داد ارتباط بین تیپ­ بدنی مزومورف با شاخص‌های زیست حرکتی، مثبت و معنی‌دار می‌باشد. همچنین این ارتباط برای تیپ بدنی اکتومورف با شاخص توان هوازی (0.008=P < span lang="AR-SA">) و انفجاری (0.009=P < span lang="AR-SA">) معنی‌دار و با توان بی‌هوازی معنی‌دار نبود (0.213=P < span lang="AR-SA">). در ارتباط با تیپ بدنی اندومورف نتایج نشان‌دهنده ارتباط منفی با توان هوازی (0.011=P < span lang="AR-SA">) و عدم ارتباط با توان بی‌هوازی و انفجاری بود. در مقایسه تیپ‌های بدنی یافته‌ها نشان داد بیشینه اکسیژن مصرفی در گروه­های مزومورف و اکتومورف بالاتر از گروه اندومورف بود (0.011=P < span lang="AR-SA">). در عملکرد بی‌هوازی شرکت‌کنندگان با تیپ بدنی مزومورف عملکرد بهتری نسبت به تیپ‌بدنی اندومورف واکتومورف داشتند (008/0=P < span lang="FA">) همچنین در توان انفجاری، شرکت‌کنندگان با تیپ بدنی مزومورف عملکرد بهتری نسبت به شرکت‌کنندگان با تیپ بدنی اندومورف و اکتومورف داشتند (0.012=P < span lang="FA">) اما تفاوت سایر گروه‌ها معنی‌دار نبود.
بحث و نتیجه ­گیری: طبق یافته‌های این پژوهش تیپ بدنی اکتومورف مستعد رشته­ های ورزشی با ماهیت هوازی و تیپ بدنی مزومورف مستعد رشته ­های انفجاری با ماهیت بی‌هوازی هستند. بنابراین به معلمان و مربیان ورزش پیشنهاد می‌شود که در طی فرآیند استعدادیابی به این نکات توجه نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the relationship between biomotor components and somatotype of elementary school students in Delfan city

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rooholla h Mohammadi Mirzaei 1
  • majid mohammadi 2
  • hamid malekshahi nia 3
1
2
3
چکیده [English]

Introduction and purpose: Somatotype represents the morphological shape at certain ages and is associated with cardiorespiratory fitness. The aim of the current research was to investigate the relationship between biomotor variables and the Somatotype of elementary school students in Delfan city.
Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 150 non-athlete male students with height 152.45±13.85, weight 44.07±12.76 and body mass index of 19.08 ± 3.291 kg/m2 voluntarily participated in this research following the general call of the Fethian Sports Therapy Center. In order to check the Somatotype, selected body measurement variables were used by the Heath and Carter method (ectomorph, mesomorph, endomorph) and to check the biomotor components, vo2max index, anaerobic power and explosive power were used, and the data were analyzed using the analysis test. One-way and Duncan's variance was analyzed using spss version 26 software at the p≤0.05 level.
Results: The results of Pearson's correlation test showed that the relationship between mesomorph body type and biomotor indicators is positive and significant. Also, this relationship was not significant for ectomorph body type with aerobic (p=0.008) and explosive (p=0.009) and anaerobic power index (p=0.213). Regarding the endomorph body type, the results showed a negative relationship with aerobic power (p=0.011) and no relationship with anaerobic and explosive power. Comparing the body types, the findings showed that the VO2max in the mesomorph and ectomorph groups was higher than the endomorph group (p=0.011). In anaerobic performance, participants with mesomorph body type performed better than endomorph and ectomorph body type (p=0.008). Also, in explosive power, participants with mesomorph body type performed better than participants with endomorph and ectomorph body type (p=0.012). but the difference of other groups was not significant.
Discussion and Conclusion: According to the findings of this research, the ectomorph body type is will talent to aerobic sports and the mesomorph body type is will talent to anaerobic explosive sports, so it is suggested to sports teachers and coaches to
pay attention to these points during the talent identify process.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anaerobic
  • Biomotor
  • Maximum Oxygen Consumption
  • somatotype
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