Enhanced Synergistic Effects of AgCl Nanoparticles and 5FU on in vitro Colon Cancer Cells

Background and aim: Numerous studies have established the cytotoxic potential of nanoparticles and chemotherapy drugs against cancer cells. However, the specific impact of co-administering silver chloride (AgCl) nanoparticles and 5-fluorouracil (5FU) on colon cancer cells remains less elucidated. This study aims to investigate the individual cytotoxic effects of silver chloride nanoparticles and 5FU on colon cancer cells, as well as to explore the synergistic cytotoxic effects resulting from their combined treatment.
Materials and methods: In this experimental research, colon cancer cells were categorized into control groups (no treatment), those treated with AgCl nanoparticles, those treated with 5FU, and those subjected to the combined treatment of AgCl nanoparticles and 5FU. Cell viability was assessed at 24 hours post-treatment using the MTT assay. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using one-way analysis of variance.
Results: The viability of colon cancer cells significantly decreased following 24 hours of AgCl, 5FU, and combined AgCl nanoparticles and 5FU treatment. The IC50 value in the AgCl-treated group was lower compared to the other groups, and the IC50 value for the group treated with AgCl + 5FU was lower than that for the group treated with 5FU alone.
Conclusion: The outcomes of this investigation underscore the potent cytotoxic synergy of co-administered silver chloride nanoparticles and 5FU against colon cancer cells compared to 5FU.