Effect of chronic stress on short and long-term spatial memory in Wistar rats
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Abstract
Objective: To investigate the relationship between chronic stress and spatial memory in rats. Methods: 20 male rats, 45 days old, Wistar lineage, were used, divided into two groups: Shock Stress (n = 10), where they were placed in a box where they received an electric shock in the rear legs of 0.5 mA, for 2 s, every 30 s, for 5 min/day, for 49 consecutive days; and Control (n = 10), allocated in the same box, but without receiving a stimulus, for 5 min, for 49 days. Subsequently, behavioral procedures were initiated, which consisted of Habituation at the Arena, Open Field Test, Object Recognition Training, Short Term Memory Test (STMT), and Long Term Memory Test (LTMT). Exploratory preference duration rates were obtained. The data were presented as mean ± SEM. Results: At STMT, the Shock Stress group showed a significant increase in the exploration rate (75.75 ± 4.77% vs. 58.49 ± 4.83%; p = 0.023), demonstrating a positive effect of chronic stress on short-term memory. In the LTMT, there was no significant difference in the Shock Stress group (55.23 ± 8.33%) compared to the Control group (71.61 ± 4.76%; p = 0.146). Conclusion: chronic stress revealed positive effects on short-term memory in the Object Recognition Test when compared to the control group, but it did not have significant effects on long-term memory.
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