Association between denture use and food form in older adults requiring long-term care: A multicenter cross-sectional study

Kenshu Taira; Yutaka Watanabe; Kazutaka Okada; Miyako Kondo; Maaya Takeda; Kayoko Ito; Junko Nakajima; Masanori Iwasaki; Masataka Itoda; Ken Inohara; Rikimaru Sasaki; Yasuhiro Nishi; Junichi Furuya; Yoshihiko Watanabe; George Umemoto; Masako Kishima; Takashi Tohara; Yuji Sato; Mitsuyoshi Yoshida; Yutaka Yamazaki

doi:10.2186/jpr.JPR_D_21_00161

Original articles

Association between denture use and food form in older adults requiring long-term care: A multicenter cross-sectional study

Kenshu Taira, Yutaka Watanabe , Kazutaka Okada, Miyako Kondo, Maaya Takeda, Kayoko Ito, Junko Nakajima, Masanori Iwasaki, Masataka Itoda, Ken Inohara, Rikimaru Sasaki, Yasuhiro Nishi, Junichi Furuya, Yoshihiko Watanabe, George Umemoto, Masako Kishima, Takashi Tohara, Yuji Sato, Mitsuyoshi Yoshida, Yutaka Yamazaki

Author information

Kenshu Taira
Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
Yutaka Watanabe Corresponding author
Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
Kazutaka Okada
Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
Miyako Kondo
Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
Maaya Takeda
Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
Kayoko Ito
Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
Junko Nakajima
Department of Oral Medicine and Hospital Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan
Masanori Iwasaki
Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
Masataka Itoda
Department of Oral Rehabilitation Osaka Dental University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
Ken Inohara
Inohara Dental and Rehabilitation Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan
Ota Memorial Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
Rikimaru Sasaki
Rehabilitation Clinic for Speech and Swallowing Disorders, The Nippon Dental University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
Yasuhiro Nishi
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
Junichi Furuya
Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
Yoshihiko Watanabe
Tohoku Fukushi University, Miyagi, Japan
George Umemoto
Swallowing Disorders Center, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
Masako Kishima
Wakakusa-Tatsuma Rehabilitation Hospital, Osaka, Japan
Takashi Tohara
The Nippon Dental University Tama Oral Rehabilitation Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
Yuji Sato
Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
Mitsuyoshi Yoshida
Department of Dentistry & Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan
Yutaka Yamazaki
Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan

Keywords: Cross-sectional study, Denture use, Food forms, Older adults requiring long-term care, Swallowing function

JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
Supplementary material

2022 Volume 67 Issue 3 Pages 366-375

DOI https://doi.org/10.2186/jpr.JPR_D_21_00161

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Details

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether denture use contributes to maintaining and improving food forms in long-term care facility (LTCFs) residents.

Methods: In 888 residents of 37 LTCFs in Japan, the following were investigated: nutritional intake status, food forms, age, sex, Barthel index (BI), clinical dementia rating (CDR), number of teeth present, number of occlusal supports, swallowing function, and use of dentures. Among all residents, those who were well-nourished and had ≤9 occlusal supports were analyzed. Based on standardized criteria, the food forms consumed by the subjects were divided into two groups: dysphagia and normal diet, which were further classified into four levels. Analysis was performed using a generalized estimation equation with the four levels of food forms as dependent variables and age, sex, BI, CDR, presence of dysphagia, number of teeth present, and use of dentures as independent variables.

Results: The final analysis included 622 (70.0%) residents. Of these, 380 (61.1%) used dentures. The analyses revealed that food form was significantly associated with age (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.98), BI (OR, 1.04), number of teeth present (OR, 1.03), presence of dysphagia (OR, 0.44), and use of dentures (OR, 2.82).

Conclusions: Denture use was associated with food forms among Japanese LTCF residents. This indicates that the use of dentures is related to the maintenance of food forms, even in the elderly who participate in few activities of daily living, have reduced cognitive function, and require long-term care.

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