DNA Replication

Abstract

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes identical copies of its genetic material. This process is essential for transmitting genetic information from one generation of cells to the next during cell division. DNA replication is a complex process involving unwinding the double helix, separating the two strands, and synthesizing new complementary strands. The process is catalyzed by a large complex of proteins called the replisome, which includes DNA polymerases, helicases, and other enzymes. The accuracy of DNA replication is critical to the maintenance of genetic information, and errors in replication can lead to mutations and genetic diseases. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of DNA replication is fundamental to many fields of biology, including genetics, biotechnology, and medicine.

Keywords: Biotechnology, Cell division, Complementary strands, DNA polymerase, Genetic information, Helicase, Mutations, Molecular mechanisms, Replisome.