Advanced Materials for Immune Sensors

The chapter outlines the trends in the rapid development of

biofunctionalized hybrid nanomaterials for application as immune sensors to detect

biomarkers, thehallmarks of diseases. Biofunctioanalized advanced materials

incorporate biological macromolecules/biomaterials with high specificity and

selectivity, such as proteins with unique binding properties which are combined with

the electronic, optical or photonic properties of nanostructures, enabling them to

function as sensors. Functionalization materialises due to similarity in dimension scale

allowing functional coupling leading to an effective signal transduction in these

sensors. A variety of nano objects metals, carbon nanotubes are coupled with

proteins/immunoglobulins or antigens to yield biofunctionalized advanced materials

leading to the development of promising novel immune biosensors with many

advanced features, like ergonomic, time saving, sensitivity, point-of-care cost

economy, feasibility and reproducibility.

Keywords: Antibody, Antigen, Diagnostics, Functionalization, Immunosenors, Nanomaterials.

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