It has been demonstrated by Takagi and his colleagues that pressure on a specified area of the body surface causes depression of sweating in a certain body division and changes in the relative sweat rates between body divisions. Furthermore, skin pressure has been assumed to suppress the central thermoregulatory activity, thus bringing about a rise or fall in body temperature in a hot or cool environment, respectively. We examined the effect of skin pressure applied to the bilateral subaxillary regions on body heat balance by means of continuous recordings of evaporative weight loss (total sweat rate), local sweat rates at various areas and rectal and skin temperatures and measurements of metabolic rate. Most experiments were carried out at a room temperature of 36°C with 40%rh and a few were done at 27°C in the absence of thermal sweating. Various strengths of pressure up to 5kg/50cm² were employed. It was observed that the total sweat rate was either unchanged, decreased or occasionally even increased. There was an apparent tendency that the stronger the pressure was, the more depressed was the total sweating. A weaker pressure, on the other hand, often caused facilitation of total sweating. Changes in rectal and mean body temperatures and in metabolic rate were minimal in the majority of cases, and bore no relationship to the changes in the total sweat rate. These results offer no evidence that skin pressure of up to 5kg/50cm²affects human central thermoregulatory activity but suggest that it may exert a sweat-inhibitory effect, primarily through the interaction of sudomotor impulses somewhere along the efferent pathways, possibly at the spinal segmental level.