Analysis ability to application of effective sorbtion materials for liquid waste treatment on the nuclear plants of Ukraine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20535/2218-93001722015135661Keywords:
adsorbents, selectivity, nuclear waste, distribution coefficient, coefficient of volume reductionAbstract
Sorption materials that are being used at the plant, similar to Ukrainian ones, and perspective has been considered to solve effectively the problem of reducing the volume and conditioning of liquid radioactive waste at nuclear power plants in Ukraine. The chemical and radionuclide composition of initial and the concentrated waste as well as selection criteria for sorption or filter materials towards dominant radioactive contaminants have been analyzed. It is represented the research results about adsorption of cesium and strontium ions by: (1) some organic cation exchange resins with differing degree of crosslinking, and (2) synthetic individual and double metal oxyhydrates of IY group, and (3) compounds based on ZrO2, modified phosphate Zr (IV) and Mo (VI). The value of the distribution coefficient of radioactive components at the absorption on the inorganic adsorbents reaches 105 см3·г-1. In the study of the absorption of strontium ions from dilute solutions on the organic cation exchanger Dowex HCR-S the local area of non-exchange electrolyte absorption was observed on adsorption isotherm. That is why in spite of high values of distribution coefficients which are closed to ones for inorganic sorbents it can be concluded that organic resins are not selective.
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