Research Article
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Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 5, 702 - 709, 04.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.1100926

Abstract

Supporting Institution

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University

References

  • 1. Cahill TJ, Prendergast BD. Infective endocarditis. Lancet 2016;387:882-93.
  • 2. Baddour LM, Wilson WR, Bayer AS, Fowler Jr VG, Tleyjeh IM, Rybak MJ, et al. Infective endocarditis in adults: diagnosis, antimicrobial therapy, and management of complications: a scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2015;132:1435-86.
  • 3. Buburuz A-M, Petris A, Costache II, Jelihovschi I, Arsenescu-Georgescu C, Iancu LS. Evaluation of laboratory predictors for in-hospital mortality in infective endocarditis and negative blood culture pattern characteristics. Pathogens 2021;10:551.
  • 4. Habib G, Lancellotti P, Antunes MJ, Bongiorni MG, Casalta J-P, Del Zotti F, et al. 2015 ESC guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis: the task force for the management of infective endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) endorsed by: European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM). Eur Heart J 2015;36:3075-128.
  • 5. Cresti A, Chiavarelli M, Scalese M, Nencioni C, Valentini S, Guerrini F, et al. Epidemiological and mortality trends in infective endocarditis, a 17-year population-based prospective study. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2017;7:27-35.
  • 6. Selton-Suty C, Célard M, Le Moing V, Doco-Lecompte T, Chirouze C, Iung B, et al. Preeminence of Staphylococcus aureus in infective endocarditis: a 1-year population-based survey. Clin Infect Dis 2012;54:1230-9.
  • 7. Ternhag A, Cederström A, Törner A, Westling K. A nationwide cohort study of mortality risk and long-term prognosis in infective endocarditis in Sweden. PLoS One 2013;8:e67519.
  • 8. Keller K, von Bardeleben RS, Ostad MA, Hobohm L, Munzel T, Konstantinides S, et al. Temporal trends in the prevalence of infective endocarditis in Germany between 2005 and 2014. Am J Cardiol 2017;119:317-22.
  • 9. Wallace S, Walton B, Kharbanda R, Hardy R, Wilson A, Swanton R. Mortality from infective endocarditis: clinical predictors of outcome. Heart 2002;88:53-60.
  • 10. Cabell CH, Pond KK, Peterson GE, Durack DT, Corey GR, Anderson DJ, et al. The risk of stroke and death in patients with aortic and mitral valve endocarditis. Am Heart J 2001;142:75-80.
  • 11. Hasbun R, Vikram HR, Barakat LA, Buenconsejo J, Quagliarello VJ. Complicated left-sided native valve endocarditis in adults: risk classification for mortality. JAMA 2003;289:1933-40.
  • 12. Wong BW, Meredith A, Lin D, McManus BM. The biological role of inflammation in atherosclerosis. Can J Cardiol 2012;28:631-41.
  • 13. Lindahl B, Toss H, Siegbahn A, Venge P, Wallentin L. Markers of myocardial damage and inflammation in relation to long-term mortality in unstable coronary artery disease. N Eng J Med 2000;343:1139-47.
  • 14. Milo-Cotter O, Cotter-Davison B, Lombardi C, Sun H, Bettari L, Bugatti S, et al. Neurohormonal activation in acute heart failure: results from VERITAS. Cardiology 2011;119(2):96-105.
  • 15. Li J, Solus J, Chen Q, Rho YH, Milne G, Stein CM, et al. Role of inflammation and oxidative stress in atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 2010;7:438-44.
  • 16. Balkwill F, Mantovani A. Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow? Lancet 2001;357:539-45.
  • 17. Coussens LM, Werb Z. Inflammation and cancer. Nature 2002;420:860-7.
  • 18. Tsutamoto T, Hisanaga T, Wada A, Maeda K, Ohnishi M, Fukai D, et al. Interleukin-6 spillover in the peripheral circulation increases with the severity of heart failure, and the high plasma level of interleukin-6 is an important prognostic predictor in patients with congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998;31:391-8.
  • 19. Altay S, Çakmak HA, Öz TK, Karadeniz FÖ, Türer A, Erer HB, et al. Long-term prognostic significance of pentraxin-3 in patients with acute myocardial infarction: 5-year prospective cohort study. Anatol J Cardiol 2017;17:202.
  • 20. Çiçek G, Açıkgoz SK, Bozbay M, Altay S, Uğur M, Uluganyan M, et al. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio combination can predict prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Angiology 2015;66:441-7.
  • 21. Troppan K, Schlick K, Deutsch A, Melchardt T, Egle A, Stojakovic T, et al. C-reactive protein level is a prognostic indicator for survival and improves the predictive ability of the R-IPI score in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients. Br J Cancer 2014;111:55-60.
  • 22. Wei X, Huang F, Wei Y, Jing H, Xie M, Hao X, et al. Low lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio predicts unfavorable prognosis in non-germinal center type diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Res 2014;38:694-8.
  • 23. Chojkier M. Inhibition of albumin synthesis in chronic diseases: molecular mechanisms. J Clin Gastroenterol 2005;39:S143-S6.
  • 24. Don BR, Kaysen G, editors. Poor nutritional status and inflammation: serum albumin: relationship to inflammation and nutrition. Seminars in dialysis; Wiley Online Library, 2004:
  • 25. Al-Azzawi HF, Obi OC, Safi J, Song M. Nephrotic syndrome-induced thromboembolism in adults. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci 2016;6:85.
  • 26. Khan YH, Sarriff A, Adnan AS, Khan AH, Malhi TH, Jummaat F. Management of emergent complications associated with end stage renal disease. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2015;25:392-3.
  • 27. Nishida T, Nakamura K, Haraga J, Ogawa C, Kusumoto T, Seki N, et al. The glasgow prognostic score determined during concurrent chemoradiotherapy is an independent predictor of survival for cervical cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2015;25:1306-14.
  • 28. Yotsukura M, Ohtsuka T, Kaseda K, Kamiyama I, Hayashi Y, Asamura H. Value of the Glasgow Prognostic Score as a prognostic factor in resectable non–small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2016;11:1311-8.
  • 29. Petrelli F, Barni S, Coinu A, Bertocchi P, Borgonovo K, Cabiddu M, et al. The Modified Glasgow prognostic score and survival in colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis of the literature. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2015;10:135-41.
  • 30. Hao X, Wei Y, Wei X, Zhou L, Wei Q, Zhang Y, et al. Glasgow prognostic score is superior to other inflammation-based scores in predicting survival of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Oncotarget 2017;8:76740.

Is Glasgow prognostic score a predictor of mortality in infective endocarditis?

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 5, 702 - 709, 04.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.1100926

Abstract

Objectives: The inflammation-based Glasgow prognostic score (GPS), which comprises elevated serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and decreased albumin concentration, is the most valid inflammatory risk score in cancer. New prognostic markers are needed to predict high-risk infective endocarditis (IE) patients. In the present study, we investigated the in-hospital mortality estimation of GPS in infective endocarditis patients.

Methods: The retrospectively designed study included 53 IE patients diagnosed according to Duke criteria. Demographic and clinical data of the patients were recorded and GPS levels were measured. Patients were divided into two groups according to in-hospital mortality outcomes. Glasgow prognostic score was rated as 0, 1, or 2 points based on serum albumin and C-reactive protein levels.

Results: The nonsurvivor group was older and the number of patients with kidney failure or diabetes was higher in this group. Glasgow prognostic score was higher in the nonsurvivor group, while albumin levels were lower. Thirty-four patients died during intensive care unit follow-up, and the mean follow-up period was 24.1 ± 18.6 days. ROC analysis showed that the Glasgow prognostic score had a sensitivity of 82.4% and a specificity of 36.8% at a cut-off value of ≥1.5 in predicting in-hospital mortality. Chronic renal failure (OR: 6.720; 95% CI: 1.907-23.684; p = 0.003) and age (OR: 1.040; 95% CI: 1.001-1.081; p = 0.044) were the independent variables of the mortality prediction in univariate logistic regression analysis. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, only chronic renal failure (OR: 0.153; 95% CI: 0.036-0.653; p = 0.011) was found to be a significant predictor of mortality. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that long-term survival was reduced in patients with a high GPS (Log-rank: p = 0.003).


Conclusions:
Glasgow prognostic score level is associated with increased in-hospital mortality in IE patients. Chronic renal failure and GPS are the independent predictors of mortality.

References

  • 1. Cahill TJ, Prendergast BD. Infective endocarditis. Lancet 2016;387:882-93.
  • 2. Baddour LM, Wilson WR, Bayer AS, Fowler Jr VG, Tleyjeh IM, Rybak MJ, et al. Infective endocarditis in adults: diagnosis, antimicrobial therapy, and management of complications: a scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2015;132:1435-86.
  • 3. Buburuz A-M, Petris A, Costache II, Jelihovschi I, Arsenescu-Georgescu C, Iancu LS. Evaluation of laboratory predictors for in-hospital mortality in infective endocarditis and negative blood culture pattern characteristics. Pathogens 2021;10:551.
  • 4. Habib G, Lancellotti P, Antunes MJ, Bongiorni MG, Casalta J-P, Del Zotti F, et al. 2015 ESC guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis: the task force for the management of infective endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) endorsed by: European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM). Eur Heart J 2015;36:3075-128.
  • 5. Cresti A, Chiavarelli M, Scalese M, Nencioni C, Valentini S, Guerrini F, et al. Epidemiological and mortality trends in infective endocarditis, a 17-year population-based prospective study. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2017;7:27-35.
  • 6. Selton-Suty C, Célard M, Le Moing V, Doco-Lecompte T, Chirouze C, Iung B, et al. Preeminence of Staphylococcus aureus in infective endocarditis: a 1-year population-based survey. Clin Infect Dis 2012;54:1230-9.
  • 7. Ternhag A, Cederström A, Törner A, Westling K. A nationwide cohort study of mortality risk and long-term prognosis in infective endocarditis in Sweden. PLoS One 2013;8:e67519.
  • 8. Keller K, von Bardeleben RS, Ostad MA, Hobohm L, Munzel T, Konstantinides S, et al. Temporal trends in the prevalence of infective endocarditis in Germany between 2005 and 2014. Am J Cardiol 2017;119:317-22.
  • 9. Wallace S, Walton B, Kharbanda R, Hardy R, Wilson A, Swanton R. Mortality from infective endocarditis: clinical predictors of outcome. Heart 2002;88:53-60.
  • 10. Cabell CH, Pond KK, Peterson GE, Durack DT, Corey GR, Anderson DJ, et al. The risk of stroke and death in patients with aortic and mitral valve endocarditis. Am Heart J 2001;142:75-80.
  • 11. Hasbun R, Vikram HR, Barakat LA, Buenconsejo J, Quagliarello VJ. Complicated left-sided native valve endocarditis in adults: risk classification for mortality. JAMA 2003;289:1933-40.
  • 12. Wong BW, Meredith A, Lin D, McManus BM. The biological role of inflammation in atherosclerosis. Can J Cardiol 2012;28:631-41.
  • 13. Lindahl B, Toss H, Siegbahn A, Venge P, Wallentin L. Markers of myocardial damage and inflammation in relation to long-term mortality in unstable coronary artery disease. N Eng J Med 2000;343:1139-47.
  • 14. Milo-Cotter O, Cotter-Davison B, Lombardi C, Sun H, Bettari L, Bugatti S, et al. Neurohormonal activation in acute heart failure: results from VERITAS. Cardiology 2011;119(2):96-105.
  • 15. Li J, Solus J, Chen Q, Rho YH, Milne G, Stein CM, et al. Role of inflammation and oxidative stress in atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 2010;7:438-44.
  • 16. Balkwill F, Mantovani A. Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow? Lancet 2001;357:539-45.
  • 17. Coussens LM, Werb Z. Inflammation and cancer. Nature 2002;420:860-7.
  • 18. Tsutamoto T, Hisanaga T, Wada A, Maeda K, Ohnishi M, Fukai D, et al. Interleukin-6 spillover in the peripheral circulation increases with the severity of heart failure, and the high plasma level of interleukin-6 is an important prognostic predictor in patients with congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998;31:391-8.
  • 19. Altay S, Çakmak HA, Öz TK, Karadeniz FÖ, Türer A, Erer HB, et al. Long-term prognostic significance of pentraxin-3 in patients with acute myocardial infarction: 5-year prospective cohort study. Anatol J Cardiol 2017;17:202.
  • 20. Çiçek G, Açıkgoz SK, Bozbay M, Altay S, Uğur M, Uluganyan M, et al. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio combination can predict prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Angiology 2015;66:441-7.
  • 21. Troppan K, Schlick K, Deutsch A, Melchardt T, Egle A, Stojakovic T, et al. C-reactive protein level is a prognostic indicator for survival and improves the predictive ability of the R-IPI score in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients. Br J Cancer 2014;111:55-60.
  • 22. Wei X, Huang F, Wei Y, Jing H, Xie M, Hao X, et al. Low lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio predicts unfavorable prognosis in non-germinal center type diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Res 2014;38:694-8.
  • 23. Chojkier M. Inhibition of albumin synthesis in chronic diseases: molecular mechanisms. J Clin Gastroenterol 2005;39:S143-S6.
  • 24. Don BR, Kaysen G, editors. Poor nutritional status and inflammation: serum albumin: relationship to inflammation and nutrition. Seminars in dialysis; Wiley Online Library, 2004:
  • 25. Al-Azzawi HF, Obi OC, Safi J, Song M. Nephrotic syndrome-induced thromboembolism in adults. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci 2016;6:85.
  • 26. Khan YH, Sarriff A, Adnan AS, Khan AH, Malhi TH, Jummaat F. Management of emergent complications associated with end stage renal disease. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2015;25:392-3.
  • 27. Nishida T, Nakamura K, Haraga J, Ogawa C, Kusumoto T, Seki N, et al. The glasgow prognostic score determined during concurrent chemoradiotherapy is an independent predictor of survival for cervical cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2015;25:1306-14.
  • 28. Yotsukura M, Ohtsuka T, Kaseda K, Kamiyama I, Hayashi Y, Asamura H. Value of the Glasgow Prognostic Score as a prognostic factor in resectable non–small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2016;11:1311-8.
  • 29. Petrelli F, Barni S, Coinu A, Bertocchi P, Borgonovo K, Cabiddu M, et al. The Modified Glasgow prognostic score and survival in colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis of the literature. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2015;10:135-41.
  • 30. Hao X, Wei Y, Wei X, Zhou L, Wei Q, Zhang Y, et al. Glasgow prognostic score is superior to other inflammation-based scores in predicting survival of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Oncotarget 2017;8:76740.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Cardiovascular Surgery
Journal Section Original Articles
Authors

Nadir Emlek 0000-0003-0791-1248

Ali Gökhan Özyıldız 0000-0003-0679-9434

Müjgan Ayşenur Şahin 0000-0003-3950-4911

Elif Ergül 0000-0003-3192-4719

Cihan Aydın 0000-0002-1401-5727

Publication Date September 4, 2022
Submission Date April 9, 2022
Acceptance Date June 18, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 8 Issue: 5

Cite

AMA Emlek N, Özyıldız AG, Şahin MA, Ergül E, Aydın C. Is Glasgow prognostic score a predictor of mortality in infective endocarditis?. Eur Res J. September 2022;8(5):702-709. doi:10.18621/eurj.1100926

e-ISSN: 2149-3189 


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