Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Digital Certificate Security: A Blockchain-based Approach for Fraud Prevention and Verification

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 1128 - 1138, 28.12.2023

Nihat Zaman Işıl Karabey Aksakallı Nursena Bayğın

https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1343747

Abstract

With the rise of digitalization and increased internet usage, digital certificates' security issues have gained significant importance. The utilization of counterfeit certificates can lead to deceptive identity and capability verifications, allowing untrustworthy individuals to assume misleading positions. Simultaneously, factors such as data leaks and technical glitches can jeopardize the security of certificates. These challenges can complicate talent verification processes and result in unsuitable individuals being placed in incorrect roles. The proposed work aims to thwart forged certificates and ensure their verifiability within this context. The methodology employed in the study strives to mitigate potential data loss or accessibility problems by adopting a decentralized storage structure. The primary objective is to establish certificates that are reliable, traceable, and capable of being verified. A rapid and efficient user interface was developed using React.js to achieve this aim. Smart contracts were scripted on the Ethereum blockchain using Solidity, and data, including user information and certificate details, were stored within components like MongoDB. In the phase of practical implementation, diverse scenarios have been designed to facilitate the generation, verification, and monitoring of certificates. The proposed approach is geared towards deterring forgery and enhancing the credibility of certificates. Through this system, users and organizations can authenticate certificates and prevent the proliferation of counterfeit ones. Furthermore, the enhanced security and ease of sharing certificates on digital platforms offer substantial advantages to certificate holders. In summary, this study strives to enhance the safeguarding and dependability of certificates by addressing the security concerns posed by the era of digitalization.

Keywords

Digital Certificate Smart Contract Blockchain NFT

Supporting Institution

Tübitak

Project Number

1919B012223104

Thanks

This research is supported by the 1919B012223104 project fund provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK).

References

  • [1] S. Ghimire and H. Selvaraj, "A survey on bitcoin cryptocurrency and its mining," 2018: IEEE, pp. 1-6.
  • [2] S. Nakamoto, "Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system," Decentralized business review, 2008.
  • [3] A. Gorkhali, L. Li, and A. Shrestha, "Blockchain: A literature review," Journal of Management Analytics, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 321-343, 2020.
  • [4] A. Kurnaz, "A Review on Usage Areas of Blockchain Technology in Architecture," International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research, no, 2021.
  • [5] M. K. Shrivas and T. Yeboah, "The disruptive blockchain: types, platforms and applications," Texila International Journal of Academic Research, vol. 3, pp. 17-39, 2019.
  • [6] crypto.com. "Crypto Market Sizing Report 2021 and 2022 Forecast." crypto.com. https://crypto.com/research/2021-crypto-market-sizing-report-2022-forecast (accessed 2023).
  • [7] S. Osivand, "Smart collectibles; use case of NFT tokens," Open Access Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 024-031, 2021.
  • [8] S. M. H. Bamakan, N. Nezhadsistani, O. Bodaghi, and Q. Qu, "A decentralized framework for patents and intellectual property as nft in blockchain networks," 2021.
  • [9] D. Ghelani, "What is Non-fungible token (NFT)? A short discussion about NFT Terms used in NFT," Authorea Preprints, 2022.
  • [10] N. Alnuaimi, A. Almemari, M. Madine, K. Salah, H. Al Breiki, and R. Jayaraman, "NFT Certificates and Proof of Delivery for Fine Jewelry and Gemstones," IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 101263-101275, 2022.
  • [11] B. Kamaleshwaran, M. Sneha, and S. Kavitha, "Digital Certification–Certification Credential as Non Fungible Token (NFT)," 2023: IEEE, pp. 1-7.
  • [12] T. Tahlil, S. S. Gomasta, and A. B. M. S. Ali, "AlgoCert: Adopt Non-transferable NFT for the Issuance and Verification of Educational Certificates using Algorand Blockchain," 2022: IEEE, pp. 1-8.
  • [13] S. Nikolić, S. Matić, D. Čapko, S. Vukmirović, and N. Nedić, "Development of a blockchain-based application for digital certificates in education," 2022: IEEE, pp. 1-4.
  • [14] M. R. R. A. Allwinnaldo, R. N. Alief, I. S. Igboanusi, J. M. Lee, and D.-S. Kim, "Advance NFT-Based Digital Certificate for Efficient Exotic Fish Ownership."
  • [15] W. Gao, W. G. Hatcher, and W. Yu, "A survey of blockchain: Techniques, applications, and challenges," 2018: IEEE, pp. 1-11.
  • [16] J. Zhang, S. Zhong, T. Wang, H.-C. Chao, and J. Wang, "Blockchain-based systems and applications: a survey," Journal of Internet Technology, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 1-14, 2020.
  • [17] Ö. Özkan, Kişisel Verilerin Korunması Hukuku Ve Blokzinciri Teknolojisi Raporu, Türkiye Bilişim Vakfı. İstanbul: Blockcahin Türkiye, 2019.
  • [18] S. Gupta and M. Sadoghi, "Blockchain transaction processing," arXiv preprint arXiv:2107.11592, 2021.
  • [19] L. Ismail and H. Materwala, "A review of blockchain architecture and consensus protocols: Use cases, challenges, and solutions," Symmetry, vol. 11, no. 10, p. 1198, 2019.
  • [20] S. Singh, A. S. M. S. Hosen, and B. Yoon, "Blockchain security attacks, challenges, and solutions for the future distributed iot network," IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 13938-13959, 2021.
  • [21] Ü. Gökhan and Ç. Uluyol, "Blok zinciri teknolojisi," Bilişim Teknolojileri Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 167-175, 2020.
  • [22] F. Hofmann, S. Wurster, E. Ron, and M. Böhmecke-Schwafert, "The immutability concept of blockchains and benefits of early standardization," in 2017 Kaleidoscope: Challenges for a Data-Driven Society (ITU K) 2017.
  • [23] N. Andola, V. K. Yadav, S. Venkatesan, and S. Verma, "Anonymity on blockchain based e-cash protocols—A survey," Computer Science Review, vol. 40, p. 100394, 2021.
  • [24] Q. Wang, R. Li, Q. Wang, and S. Chen, "Non-fungible token (NFT): Overview, evaluation, opportunities and challenges," arXiv preprint arXiv:2105.07447, 2021.
  • [25] N. Zaman and N. BayĞIn, "Digital Assurance and Traceability of NFT-based Certificates," İleri Teknolojilerde Çalışmalar Dergisi, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 17-25, 2023.

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 1128 - 1138, 28.12.2023

Nihat Zaman Işıl Karabey Aksakallı Nursena Bayğın

https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1343747

Abstract

Project Number

1919B012223104

References

  • [1] S. Ghimire and H. Selvaraj, "A survey on bitcoin cryptocurrency and its mining," 2018: IEEE, pp. 1-6.
  • [2] S. Nakamoto, "Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system," Decentralized business review, 2008.
  • [3] A. Gorkhali, L. Li, and A. Shrestha, "Blockchain: A literature review," Journal of Management Analytics, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 321-343, 2020.
  • [4] A. Kurnaz, "A Review on Usage Areas of Blockchain Technology in Architecture," International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research, no, 2021.
  • [5] M. K. Shrivas and T. Yeboah, "The disruptive blockchain: types, platforms and applications," Texila International Journal of Academic Research, vol. 3, pp. 17-39, 2019.
  • [6] crypto.com. "Crypto Market Sizing Report 2021 and 2022 Forecast." crypto.com. https://crypto.com/research/2021-crypto-market-sizing-report-2022-forecast (accessed 2023).
  • [7] S. Osivand, "Smart collectibles; use case of NFT tokens," Open Access Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 024-031, 2021.
  • [8] S. M. H. Bamakan, N. Nezhadsistani, O. Bodaghi, and Q. Qu, "A decentralized framework for patents and intellectual property as nft in blockchain networks," 2021.
  • [9] D. Ghelani, "What is Non-fungible token (NFT)? A short discussion about NFT Terms used in NFT," Authorea Preprints, 2022.
  • [10] N. Alnuaimi, A. Almemari, M. Madine, K. Salah, H. Al Breiki, and R. Jayaraman, "NFT Certificates and Proof of Delivery for Fine Jewelry and Gemstones," IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 101263-101275, 2022.
  • [11] B. Kamaleshwaran, M. Sneha, and S. Kavitha, "Digital Certification–Certification Credential as Non Fungible Token (NFT)," 2023: IEEE, pp. 1-7.
  • [12] T. Tahlil, S. S. Gomasta, and A. B. M. S. Ali, "AlgoCert: Adopt Non-transferable NFT for the Issuance and Verification of Educational Certificates using Algorand Blockchain," 2022: IEEE, pp. 1-8.
  • [13] S. Nikolić, S. Matić, D. Čapko, S. Vukmirović, and N. Nedić, "Development of a blockchain-based application for digital certificates in education," 2022: IEEE, pp. 1-4.
  • [14] M. R. R. A. Allwinnaldo, R. N. Alief, I. S. Igboanusi, J. M. Lee, and D.-S. Kim, "Advance NFT-Based Digital Certificate for Efficient Exotic Fish Ownership."
  • [15] W. Gao, W. G. Hatcher, and W. Yu, "A survey of blockchain: Techniques, applications, and challenges," 2018: IEEE, pp. 1-11.
  • [16] J. Zhang, S. Zhong, T. Wang, H.-C. Chao, and J. Wang, "Blockchain-based systems and applications: a survey," Journal of Internet Technology, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 1-14, 2020.
  • [17] Ö. Özkan, Kişisel Verilerin Korunması Hukuku Ve Blokzinciri Teknolojisi Raporu, Türkiye Bilişim Vakfı. İstanbul: Blockcahin Türkiye, 2019.
  • [18] S. Gupta and M. Sadoghi, "Blockchain transaction processing," arXiv preprint arXiv:2107.11592, 2021.
  • [19] L. Ismail and H. Materwala, "A review of blockchain architecture and consensus protocols: Use cases, challenges, and solutions," Symmetry, vol. 11, no. 10, p. 1198, 2019.
  • [20] S. Singh, A. S. M. S. Hosen, and B. Yoon, "Blockchain security attacks, challenges, and solutions for the future distributed iot network," IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 13938-13959, 2021.
  • [21] Ü. Gökhan and Ç. Uluyol, "Blok zinciri teknolojisi," Bilişim Teknolojileri Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 167-175, 2020.
  • [22] F. Hofmann, S. Wurster, E. Ron, and M. Böhmecke-Schwafert, "The immutability concept of blockchains and benefits of early standardization," in 2017 Kaleidoscope: Challenges for a Data-Driven Society (ITU K) 2017.
  • [23] N. Andola, V. K. Yadav, S. Venkatesan, and S. Verma, "Anonymity on blockchain based e-cash protocols—A survey," Computer Science Review, vol. 40, p. 100394, 2021.
  • [24] Q. Wang, R. Li, Q. Wang, and S. Chen, "Non-fungible token (NFT): Overview, evaluation, opportunities and challenges," arXiv preprint arXiv:2105.07447, 2021.
  • [25] N. Zaman and N. BayĞIn, "Digital Assurance and Traceability of NFT-based Certificates," İleri Teknolojilerde Çalışmalar Dergisi, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 17-25, 2023.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Artificial Intelligence (Other)
Journal Section Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Nihat Zaman 0009-0001-6061-1482

Işıl Karabey Aksakallı 0000-0002-4156-9098

Nursena Bayğın 0000-0003-4457-5503

Project Number 1919B012223104
Early Pub Date December 25, 2023
Publication Date December 28, 2023
Submission Date August 15, 2023
Acceptance Date October 31, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 12 Issue: 4

Cite

IEEE N. Zaman, I. Karabey Aksakallı, and N. Bayğın, “Digital Certificate Security: A Blockchain-based Approach for Fraud Prevention and Verification”, Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 1128–1138, 2023, doi: 10.17798/bitlisfen.1343747.
 Download Cover Image

Bitlis Eren University
Journal of Science Editor
Bitlis Eren University Graduate Institute
Bes Minare Mah. Ahmet Eren Bulvari, Merkez Kampus, 13000 BITLIS