ISHS Acta Horticulturae 620: XXVI International Horticultural Congress: Asian Plants with Unique Horticultural Potential: Genetic Resources, Cultural Practices, and Utilization
EVALUATION OF GERMPLASM RESOURCES AND BREEDING OF FLAT PEACH |
| Authors: | R. Ma, M. Yu, P. Du, H. Guo, H. Song |
| Keywords: | Prunus persica Batsch. var. compressa Bean., bloom, quality, productivity, new cultivars |
| DOI: | 10.17660/ActaHortic.2003.620.16 |
| Abstract:
Flat peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch. var. compressa Bean.) is a mutation of peach (P. persica Batsch.) which has a saucer-shaped fruit. Although this native Chinese fruit with a cultivation history of more than two-thousand years, the available germplasm resources are very limited. This paper documents the bloom date, bloom type, pollen fertility, fruit development period, fruit traits and productivity of traditional flat peach cultivars preserved in the National Peach Germplasm Repository in Nanjing and of the newly-bred flat peach varieties. The flat peaches had showy flowers with the pistil lower than stamen and tended to bloom earlier than most standard peaches. Most varieties had fertile pollen except ‘Roupantao’ and ‘Wanpantao’. Most varieties had sweet taste, low titratable acidity (less than 0.4%) and very high sugar content (soluble solids content of 12-14% and soluble sugars content of 9.01 and 10.69%). The flesh of flat peaches from north China was non-melting and hard-melting, whereas the flesh of those from south China was soft-melting. With the exception of ‘Huangjinpantao’ and ‘Huangroupantao’, all the other varieties were white-fleshed. Most varieties ripened between 106 and 130 days after anthesis. Although most native cultivars yielded poorly, ‘Fenghuapantao’ and ‘Sahuahongpantao’ exhibited good yielding capability. The newly-bred varieties had good quality, wider ripening period (62 to 134 days after full bloom), and improved fruit weight. ‘Sahuahongpantao’, ‘Wanshudapantao’, ‘124 Pantao’ were proved to be good parents for breeding new varieties. | |
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