Maternal & nutritional influences on pediatric chronic disease

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  • March 20, 2019
Creator
  • Wojcik, Katherine Y.
    • Affiliation: Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Nutrition
Abstract
  • Children are experiencing unprecedented levels of obesity, potentially complicating coexisting chronic conditions. Approximately 35% of American youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) may also be overweight or obese. Although frequently associated with type 2 diabetes, excess weight is linked to heart disease and stroke, with negative implications for blood pressure that should not be ignored among T1D youth. Nearly 14% of these youth may already have ≥ 2 risk factors present for cardiovascular disease. Herein, a review of maternal influences on pediatric obesity revealed breastfeeding as slightly protective, while maternal overweight and smoking increased the risk. Breastfeeding may also protect against high blood pressure, a leading cause of stroke. Among a sample of T1D youth, no association between infant diet and hypertension was observed; important study limitations are noted. Such knowledge may inform future studies aimed at increasing efficacy of T1D self-management and quality of life.
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  • In Copyright
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  • "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Department of Nutrition (Epidemiology)."
Advisor
  • Beck, Melinda A.
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Place of publication
  • Chapel Hill, NC
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  • Open access
Date uploaded
  • March 18, 2013

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