Citation:

PANGAEA.868601

Name: Biomineral shell formation under ocean acidification: a shift from order to chaos
Published: 2016-11-18
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; Mytilus edulis; North Atlantic; Other studied parameter or process; Single species; Temperate

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Abstract:

Biomineral production in marine organisms employs transient phases of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) in the construction of crystalline shells. Increasing seawater pCO2 leads to ocean acidification (OA) with a reduction in oceanic carbonate concentration which could have a negative impact on shell formation and therefore survival. We demonstrate significant changes in the hydrated and dehydrated forms of ACC in the aragonite and calcite layers of Mytilus edulis shells cultured under acidification conditions (1000 µatm pCO2) compared to present day conditions (380 µatm pCO2). In OA conditions, Mytilus edulis has more ACC at crystalisation sites. Here, we use the high-spatial resolution of synchrotron X-ray Photo Emission Electron Microscopy (XPEEM) combined with X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) to investigate the influence of OA on the ACC formation in the shells of adult Mytilus edulis. Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) confirms that OA reduces crystallographic control of shell formation. The results demonstrate that OA induces more ACC formation and less crystallographic control in mussels suggesting that ACC is used as a repair mechanism to combat shell damage under OA. However, the resultant reduced crystallographic control in mussels raises concerns for shell protective function under predation and changing environments.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; Mytilus edulis; North Atlantic; Other studied parameter or process; Single species; Temperate

Related to:

Fitzer, Susan C; Chung, Peter; Maccherozzi, Francesco; Dhesi, Sarnjeet S; Kamenos, N A; Phoenix, Vernon R; Cusack, Maggie (2016): Biomineral shell formation under ocean acidification: a shift from order to chaos. Scientific Reports, 6, 21076, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep21076

Original version:

Fitzer, Susan C; Chung, Peter; Maccherozzi, Francesco; Dhesi, Sarnjeet S; Kamenos, N A; Phoenix, Vernon R; Cusack, Maggie (2016): Biomineral shell formation under ocean acidification: a shift from order to chaos. University of Glasgow, https://doi.org/10.5525/gla.researchdata.259

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse (2015): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.0.8. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2015) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2016-11-15.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Fitzer, Susan C		study
2	Species	Species		Fitzer, Susan C
3	Registration number of species	Reg spec no		Fitzer, Susan C
4	Uniform resource locator/link to reference	URL ref		Fitzer, Susan C		WoRMS Aphia ID
5	Treatment	Treat		Fitzer, Susan C
6	Energy	E	keV	Fitzer, Susan C		energies of the spectra for shells grown of outer calcite
7	Intensity	Intensity		Fitzer, Susan C		outer calcite
8	Energy	E	keV	Fitzer, Susan C		energies of the spectra for shells grown of interface calcite
9	Intensity	Intensity		Fitzer, Susan C		interface calcite
10	Energy	E	keV	Fitzer, Susan C		energies of the spectra for shells grown of interface aragonite
11	Intensity	Intensity		Fitzer, Susan C		interface aragonite
12	Energy	E	keV	Fitzer, Susan C		energies of the spectra for shells grown of inner aragonite
13	Intensity	Intensity		Fitzer, Susan C		inner aragonite
14	Salinity	Sal		Fitzer, Susan C		ambient temp
15	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Fitzer, Susan C		ambient temp
16	Oxygen saturation	O2 sat	%	Fitzer, Susan C		ambient temp
17	Oxygen saturation, standard deviation	O2 sat std dev	±	Fitzer, Susan C		ambient temp
18	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Fitzer, Susan C		ambient temp
19	Temperature, water, standard deviation	Temp std dev	±	Fitzer, Susan C		ambient temp
20	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Fitzer, Susan C		ambient temp
21	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Fitzer, Susan C		ambient temp
22	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Fitzer, Susan C		ambient temp
23	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Fitzer, Susan C		ambient temp
24	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Fitzer, Susan C		ambient temp
25	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Fitzer, Susan C		ambient temp
26	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Fitzer, Susan C		ambient temp
27	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Fitzer, Susan C		ambient temp
28	Salinity	Sal		Fitzer, Susan C		+ 2 °C
29	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Fitzer, Susan C		+ 2 °C
30	Oxygen saturation	O2 sat	%	Fitzer, Susan C		+ 2 °C
31	Oxygen saturation, standard deviation	O2 sat std dev	±	Fitzer, Susan C		+ 2 °C
32	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Fitzer, Susan C		+ 2 °C
33	Temperature, water, standard deviation	Temp std dev	±	Fitzer, Susan C		+ 2 °C
34	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Fitzer, Susan C		+ 2 °C
35	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Fitzer, Susan C		+ 2 °C
36	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Fitzer, Susan C		+ 2 °C
37	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Fitzer, Susan C		+ 2 °C
38	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Fitzer, Susan C		+ 2 °C
39	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Fitzer, Susan C		+ 2 °C
40	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Fitzer, Susan C		+ 2 °C
41	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Fitzer, Susan C		+ 2 °C
42	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
43	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	ambient temp, total scale
44	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	ambient temp
45	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	ambient temp
46	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	ambient temp
47	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	ambient temp
48	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	ambient temp
49	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	ambient temp
50	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	ambient temp
51	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	+ 2 °C, total scale
52	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	+ 2 °C
53	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	+ 2 °C
54	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	+ 2 °C
55	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	+ 2 °C
56	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	+ 2 °C
57	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	+ 2 °C
58	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	+ 2 °C

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

24476 data points

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