Correo Electrónico
DNINFOA - SIA
Bibliotecas
Convocatorias
Identidad U.N.
Publicado
Media Coverage of Carbon Neutral Organizations in Costa Rica: Environmental Sustainability Practices and Consumer Recognition
Cobertura mediática de organizaciones carbono neutro en Costa Rica: prácticas de sostenibilidad ambiental y reconocimiento del consumidor
Cobertura midiática das organizações carbono neutro na Costa Rica: práticas de sustentabilidade ambiental e reconhecimento do consumidor
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v33n88.106254Palabras clave:
Media coverage, public recognition, green image, sustainability, management (en)cobertura midiática, reconhecimento público, imagem verde, sustentabilidade, gestão (pt)
cobertura mediática, reconocimiento público, imagen verde, sostenibilidad, gestión (es)
Descargas
This paper studies the visibility, environmental sustainability practices, and public recognition of Costa Rican organizations participating in the Carbon Neutrality (cn) Program. Through a review of Costa Rican online newspapers, we conclude that the three main actions performed by cn firms are the offsetting of carbon emissions, the replacement of polluting inputs by cleaner substitutes, and employees’ training. The main benefits perceived by these firms include reducing production costs, improving the organizations’ image, and achieving market differentiation. In addition, by using non-parametric statistic procedures, we conclude that “highly cited organizations” tend to achieve the cn certification earlier and have a larger number of environmental certifications than “scarcely cited organizations.” By analyzing newspaper coverage data in conjunction with a consumer recognition survey, we determined that “recognized organizations” tend to be the oldest, the largest, and the most cited in the press. In addition, “recognized entities” also tend to obtain the cn certification sooner than unrecognized entities, which means that there is a reward in terms of public recognition for companies that took the risk of being innovative in reducing their carbon footprint.
Este artículo analiza la visibilidad, las prácticas de sostenibilidad ambiental y el reconocimiento público de las organizaciones que participan en el Programa País Carbono Neutralidad (cn) del gobierno de Costa Rica. Mediante una revisión de periódicos digitales locales, se concluye que las tres principales acciones de las empresas carbono neutro son la compensación de emisiones de carbono, la sustitución de insumos contaminantes por productos más limpios y la capacitación de sus colaboradores. Los principales beneficios percibidos por estas empresas incluyen una reducción en sus costos de producción, una mejor imagen corporativa y su diferenciación en el mercado. Adicionalmente, al aplicar procedimientos estadísticos no paramétricos, concluimos que las “organizaciones altamente citadas” tienden a lograr la certificación de cn de manera temprana y cuentan con un mayor número de certificaciones ambientales que las “organizaciones escasamente citadas”. El análisis de información disponible en medios escritos digitales junto con una encuesta de reconocimiento por parte del consumidor permite determinar que las “organizaciones reconocidas” tienden a ser las más antiguas, de mayor tamaño y las más citadas en la prensa. Así mismo, las “entidades reconocidas” también suelen obtener la certificación de cn antes que aquellas no reconocidas, lo que significa que existe una recompensa en términos de reconocimiento público para las organizaciones que se atrevieron a incorporar prácticas innovadoras para la reducción de su huella de carbono.
Neste artigo, são estudados a visibilidade, as práticas de sustentabilidade ambiental e o reconhecimento público das organizações participantes do Programa Carbono Neutro (CN) na Costa Rica. Por meio de uma análise dos jornais costarriquenhos on-line, concluímos que as três principais ações realizadas pelas empresas CN são a compensação das emissões de carbono, a substituição de insumos poluentes por opções mais limpas e o treinamento de funcionários. Os principais benefícios observados por essas empresas incluem a redução dos custos de produção, uma melhoria da imagem das organizações e o alcance de diferenciação no mercado. Além disso, ao usarmos procedimentos estatísticos não paramétricos, concluímos que “organizações frequentemente citadas” tendem a alcançar a certificação CN mais rapidamente e têm um maior número de certificações ambientais do que as “organizações pouco citadas”. Ao analisarmos os dados de cobertura jornalística juntamente com uma pesquisa de reconhecimento do consumidor, determinamos que as “organizações reconhecidas” tendem a ser as mais antigas, as maiores e as mais citadas na imprensa. Ainda, as “entidades reconhecidas” também tendem a obter a certificação CN antes que as entidades não reconhecidas, o que significa que há uma recompensa em termos de reconhecimento público para as empresas que assumiram o risco de serem inovadoras na redução de suas pegadas de carbono.
Referencias
Aerts, W., & Cormier, D. (2009). Media legitimacy and corporate environmental communication. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 3(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2008.02.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2008.02.005
André, F. J., & Valenciano-Salazar, J. A. (2020). Becoming carbon neutral in Costa Rica to be more sustainable: An AHP approach. Sustainability, 12(2), 737. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12020737 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12020737
Angulo, Y. (2015, May 08). Estadio de la LDA será abastecido 100% por energía solar. Elmundo.cr. https://www.elmundo.cr/estadio-de-la-lda-sera-abastecido-100-por-energia-solar/
Ball, A., Mason, I., Grubnic, S., & Phil, H. (2009). The carbon neutral public sector. Public Management Review, 11(5), 575-600. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719030902798263 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14719030902798263
Ball-Rokeach, S. J. (1985). The origins of individual media-system dependency: A sociological framework. Communication Research, 12(4), 485-510. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365085012004003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/009365085012004003
Ball-Rokeach, S. J., & DeFleur, M. L. (1976). A dependency model of mass media effects. Communication Research, 3(1), 3-21, https://doi.org/10.1177/009365027600300101 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/009365027600300101
Ball-Rokeach, S. J., Rokeach, M., & Grube, J. W. (1984). The great American values test: Influencing behavior and belief through television. Free Press.
Bansal, P., & Bogner, W. (2002). Deciding on ISO 14001: Economics, institutions, and context. Long Range Planning, 35(3), 269-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-6301(02)00046-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-6301(02)00046-8
Barquero, K. (2020, March 26). Programa País Carbono Neutralidad: empresas compensan sus emisiones. La República. https://www.larepublica.net/noticia/programa-pais-carbono-neutralidad-empresas-compensan-sus-emisiones
Bednar, M. K. (2012). Watchdog or lapdog?: A behavioral view of the media as a corporate governance mechanism. Academy of Management Journal, 55, 131-150. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2009.0862 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2009.0862
Birchall, S., Murphy, M., & Milne, M. (2015). Evolution of the New Zealand voluntary carbon market: An analysis of CarboNZero client disclosures. Social and Environmental Accountability Journal, 35(3), 142-146. https://doi.org/10.1080/0969160X.2015.1061444 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0969160X.2015.1061444
Brown, N., & Deegan, C. (1998). The public disclosure of environmental performance information—a dual test of media agenda setting theory and legitimacy theory. Accounting and Business Research, 29(1), 21-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.1998.9729564 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.1998.9729564
Cahan, S. F., Chen, C., Chen, L., & Nguyen, N. H. (2015). Corporate social responsibility and media coverage. Journal of Banking & Finance, 59, 409-422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2015.07.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2015.07.004
Carvalho, F., Santos, G., & Gonçalves, J. (2020). Critical analysis of information about integrated management systems and environmental policy on the Portuguese firms’ website, towards sustainable development. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(2), 1069-1088. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1866 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1866
Capmany, C., Hooker, N. H., Ozuna, T., & van Tilburgd, A. (2000). ISO 9000—a marketing tool for U.S. agribusiness. The International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 3(1), 41-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1096-7508(00)00027-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1096-7508(00)00027-6
Carroll, C. (2013). Corporate reputation and the disciplines of journalism and mass communication. In C. E. Carroll & C. Carroll (Eds.), The handbook of communication and corporate reputation of journalism and mass communication (pp. 121-129). John Wiley & Sons. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781118335529 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118335529.ch12
Carroll, C., & McCombs, M. (2003). Agenda-setting effects of business news on the public’s images and opinions about major corporations. Corporate Reputation Review, 6(1), 36-46. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.crr.1540188 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.crr.1540188
Central Bank of Costa Rica [BCCR]. (2017). Indicadores monetarios. BCCR. http://www.bccr.fi.cr
Chaves, N. (2014, July 23). Ecoestaciones: gasolineras sostenibles y rentables. La República. https://www.larepublica.net/noticia/ecoestaciones_gasolineras_sostenibles_y_rentables_
Chung, Y. (2014, February 28). Hospital Clínica Bíblica invirtió más de $48.000 para alcanzar la Carbono Neutralidad. EKA La Revista Empresarial. http://www.ekaenlinea.com/hospital-clinica-biblica-invirtio-mas-de-48-000-para-alcanzar-la-carbono-neutralidad/
Chung, Y. (2015, May 14). LDA ahorrará $150.000 anuales por medio de paneles solares. EKA La Revista Empresarial. https://www.ekaenlinea.com/lda-ahorrara-150-000-anuales-por-medio-de-paneles-solares/
Císneros, M. (2016, December 4). Ramón Mendiola: La meta de Fifco es ser carbono positivo. El Financiero. from https://www.elfinancierocr.com/negocios/ramon-mendiola-la-meta-de-fifco-es-ser-carbono-positivo/RVWJTOXBNZBETPMIDLOLSCF3XY/story/
Conroy, R. (2012). What hypotheses do “nonparametric” two-group tests actually test? The Stata Journal, 12(2), 182-190. https://www.stata-journal.com/article.html?article=st0253 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1536867X1201200202
Díaz, R. (2015, August 13). Mucap con certificación de Carbono Neutro. La República. https://www.larepublica.net/noticia/mucap_con_certificacion_de_carbono_neutro
Dowling, G. (2001). Creating corporate reputations: Indentity, image, and performance. Oxford University Press Inc.
Doyle, J., Ge, W., & McVay, S. (2007). Determinants of weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 44(1-2), 193-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2006.10.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2006.10.003
Einwiller, S., Carroll, C., & Korn, K. (2010). Under what conditions do the news media influence corporate reputation? The roles of media dependency and need for orientation. Corporate Reputation Review, 12(4), 299-315. https://doi.org/10.1057/crr.2009.28 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/crr.2009.28
Falk, M., & Hagsten, E. (2020). Time for carbon neutrality and other emission reduction measures at European airports. Business Strategy and the Environment, 29(3), 1448-1464. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2444 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2444
Fallas, C. (2015, July 05). Empresas constructoras dan pasos firmes hacia la carbono neutralidad. El Financiero. https://www.elfinancierocr.com/negocios/empresas-constructoras-dan-pasos-firmes-hacia-la-carbono-neutralidad/23JRQMD2HZD4HEXDVPOHEUU45Q/story/
Fallas, C. (2016, June 16). Sí se puede producir de manera más sostenible. El Financiero. https://www.elfinancierocr.com/negocios/si-se-puede-producir-de-manera-mas-sostenible/WY5KS4KNDRFRHNTX33KR5IOGYE/story/
Fallas, C. (2016a, July 24). Conozca cómo opera un hotel carbono positivo. El Financiero. https://www.elfinancierocr.com/negocios/conozca-como-opera-un-hotel-carbono-positivo/C6DBDSXO6BEDPKDASYBM3V6NXA/story/
Fallas, C. (2016b, July 10). Costa Rica ya tiene 65 empresas certificadas C-Neutral. El Financiero. https://www.elfinancierocr.com/negocios/costa-rica-ya-tiene-65-empresas-certificadas-c-neutral/OSSF5UUFNVGQLOYHB442YQBXDU/story/
Flagg, J. (2018). Carbon Neutral by 2021: The past and present of Costa Rica’s unusual political tradition. Sustainability, 10(296), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10020296 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su10020296
Garza, J. (2019, June 13). Plan de Carbono Neutro hizo más “verdes” a 28 empresas. La República. https://www.larepublica.net/noticia/plan-de-carbono-neutro-hizo-mas-verdes-a-28-empresas
Graf-Vlachy, L., Oliver, A. G., Banfield, R., König, A., & Bundy, J. (2020). Media coverage of firms: Background, integration, and directions for future research. Journal of Management, 46(1), 36-69. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206319864155 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206319864155
Groshek, J. (2011). Media, instability, and democracy: Examining the granger-causal relationships of 122 countries from 1946 to 2003. Journal of Communication, 61(6), 1161-1182. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011.01594.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011.01594.x
Haddock-Fraser, J. (2012). The role of the news media in influencing corporate environmental sustainable development: An alternative methodology to assess stakeholder engagement. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 19, 327-342. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.282 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.282
Hamilton, J. (1995). Pollution as news: Media and stock market reactions to the toxics release inventory data. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 28(1), 98-113. https://doi.org/10.1006/jeem.1995.1007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/jeem.1995.1007
Han, J., Sun, S., & Lu, Y. (2017). Framing climate change: A content analysis of Chinese mainstream newspapers from 2005 to 2015. International Journal of Communication, 11, 2889-2911. https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6011/2090
Hao, X., Liu, R., & Huang, X. (2015). Evaluation of the potential for operating carbon neutral WWTPs. Water Research, 87, 424-431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2015.05.050 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2015.05.050
Hillary, R. (2004). Environmental management systems and the smaller enterprise. Journal of Cleaner Production, 12(6), 561-569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2003.08.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2003.08.006
Ho, F., Salwa, A. R., & Raja, G. (2016). Analytic hierarchy process-based analysis to determine the barriers to implementing a material efficiency strategy: Electrical and Electronics’ Companies in the Malaysian Context. Sustainability, 8(10), 1035. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8101035 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su8101035
Ho, S., Liao, Y., & Rosenthal, S. (2015) Applying the theory of planned behavior and media dependency theory: Predictors of public pro-environmental behavioral intentions in Singapore. Environmental Communication, 9(1), 77-99. https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2014.932819 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2014.932819
Instituto de Estadísticas y Censos de Costa Rica [INEC]. (2018). Directorio de Empresas y Establecimientos. INEC. http://www.inec.go.cr/economia/directorio-de-empresas-y-establecimientos-0
Instituto de Normas Técnicas de Costa Rica [INTECO]. (2016). Sobre INTECO. INTECO. https://www.inteco.org/
Jonkman, J., Trilling, D., & Verhoev, P. (2020). To pass or not to pass: How corporate characteristics affect corporate visibility and tone in company news coverage. Journalism Studies, 21(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2019.1612266 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2019.1612266
Khanna, M. (2001). Non-mandatory approaches to environmental protection. Journal of Economics Surveys, 15(3), 291-234. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6419.00141 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6419.00141
Kiousis, S., Popescu, C., & Mitrook, M. (2007). Understanding influence on corporate reputation: An examination of public relations efforts, media coverage, public opinion, and financial performance from an agenda-building and agenda-setting perspective. Journal of Public Relations Research, 19(2), 147-165. https://doi.org/10.1080/10627260701290661 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10627260701290661
La Nación. (2016, February 25). Grandes y pequeñas empresas en Costa Rica cambian búnker por biomasa para aumentar rentabilidad. La Nación. https://www.nacion.com/economia/negocios/grandes-y-pequenas-empresas-en-costa-rica-cambian-bunker-por-biomasa-para-aumentar-rentabilidad/DF44QJSE6NEMRLXANQYUE47DBM/story/
Laroche, M., Bergeron, J., & Barbaro-Forleo, G. (2001). Targeting consumers who are willing to pay more for environmentally friendly products. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 18(6), 503-520. https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000006155 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000006155
Lee, E., Jung, C. S., & Hwang, M. S. (2016). Investigating supportive conditions for participation in voluntary environmental programs. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 59(7), 1323-1340. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2015.1074889 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2015.1074889
Loveless, M. (2008). Media dependency: Mass media as sources of information in the democratizing countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Democratisation, 15(1), 162-183. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510340701770030 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13510340701770030
Mann, H., & Whitney, D. (1947). On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 18(1), 50-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/aoms/1177730491 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1214/aoms/1177730491
Mariotti, F., Kadasah, N., & Abdulghaffar, N. (2014). Motivations and barriers affecting the implementation of ISO 14001 in Saudi Arabia: An empirical investigation.
Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 25(12), 352-1364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2014.912038 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2014.912038
Martín-de-Castro, G., Amores-Salvadó, J., Navas-López, J. E., & Balarezo-Nuñez, R. (2017). Exploring the nature, antecedents and consequences of symbolic corporate environmental certification. Journal of Cleaner Production, 164(15), 664-675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.238 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.238
Meijer, M. M., & Kleinnijenhuis, J. (2006). Issue news and corporate reputation: Applying the theories of agenda setting and issue ownership in the field of business communication. Journal of Communication, 56(3), 543-559. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00300.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00300.x
Meznar, M. B., & Nigh, D. (1995). Buffer or bridge? Environmental and organizational determinants of public affairs activities in American firms. Academy of Management Journal, 38(4), 975-996. https://journals.aom.org/doi/abs/10.5465/256617 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/256617
Ministerio de Ambiente y Energía de Costa Rica [MINAE]. (2021) Dirección de Cambio Climático. MINAE. https://cambioclimatico.go.cr/programa-pais-carbono-neutralidad/quienes-forman-parte/
Ministerio de Ambiente y Energía de Costa Rica [MINAE], Instituto Meteorológico Nacional [IMN], & Dirección de Cambio Climático [DCC]. (2019). Costa Rica. II Informe bienal de actualización ante la Convención Marco de Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático. MINAE, IMN, & DCC. http://cglobal.imn.ac.cr/index.php/publications/bur2019/
Moon, S. J., & Hyun, K. D. (2014). Online media relations as an information subsidy: Quality of Fortune 500 Companies’ websites and relationships to media salience. Mass Communication and Society, 17(2), 258-273. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2013.779716 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2013.779716
Monge, E. (2016, May 26). Ovo Montessori, primera institución educativa carbono neutral. La República. https://www.larepublica.net/noticia/ovo_montessori_primera_institucion_educativa_carbono_neutral
Morrow, D., & Rondinelli, D. (2002). Adopting corporate environmental management systems: Motivations and results of ISO 14001 and EMAS certification. European Management Journal, 20(2), 159-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-2373(02)00026-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-2373(02)00026-9
Navas, V. (2016, August 26). Purdy Motor obtiene marca país carbono neutral. La República. https://www.larepublica.net/noticia/purdy_motor_obtiene_marca_pais_carbono_neutral/
Okereke, C. (2007). An exploration of motivations, drivers and barriers to carbon management: The UK FTSE 100. European Management Journal, 25(6), 475-486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2007.08.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2007.08.002
Reilly, A. H., & Larya, N. (2018). External communication about sustainability: Corporate social responsibility reports and social media activity. Environmental Communication, 12(5), 621-637. https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2018.1424009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2018.1424009
Restrepo, L., & González, J. (2017). From Pearson to Spearman. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias, 20(2), 183-192. http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-06902007000200010
Rindova, V., Petkova, A., & Kotha, S. (2007). Standing out: How new firms in emerging markets build reputation. Strategic Organization, 5(1), 31-70. https://doi.org/10.1177/1476127006074389 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1476127006074389
Rodríguez, M. (2018, September 5). Intel se certifica como Carbono Neutral reduciendo un 50%. Cr.Hoy. https://www.crhoy.com/ambiente/intel-se-certifica-como-carbono-neutral-reduciendo-en-un-50/
Rojas, J. (2016, May 31). Bac suma nuevo edificio sostenible en Costa Rica. Revista Construir América Central y el Caribe. http://revistaconstruir.com/bac-suma-nuevo-edificio-construcciones-sostenibles-costa-rica/
Romijn, H., & Albaladejo, M. (2002). Determinants of innovation capability in small electronics and software firms in Southeast England. Research Policy, 31(7), 1053-1067. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(01)00176-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(01)00176-7
Saeed, M. A., Farooq, A., Kersten, W., & Abdelaziz, S. I. B. (2019). Sustainable product purchase: does information about product sustainability on social media affect purchase behavior? Asian Journal of Sustainability and Social Responsibility volume, 4(9), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41180-019-0029-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41180-019-0029-3
Sánchez-González, C., Sarto, J. L., & Vicente, L. (2017). The efficiency of mutual fund companies: Evidence from an innovative network SBM approach. Omega, 71, 114-128. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305048316307952 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2016.10.003
Santos, G., Rebelo, M., Lopes, N., Alves, M., & Silva, R. (2016). Implementing and certifying ISO 14001 in Portugal: Motives, difficulties and benefits after ISO 9001 certification. Total Quality Management, 27(11), 1211-1223. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2015.1065176 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2015.1065176
Solomon, D. H., Soltes, E., & Sosyura, D (2014). Winners in the spotlight: Media coverage of fund holdings as a driver of flows. Journal of Financial Economics, 113(1), 53-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2014.02.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2014.02.009
Soto, M. (2017, September 28). 96 companies managed to reduce 100,000 tons of GHG. La Nación. https://www.nacion.com/ciencia/medio-ambiente/96-empresas-lograron-reducir-100-000-toneladas-de-carbono/3KTWTP6ZJVAMND4ZIMEUTGFH7Q/story/
Spearman, C. (1904). The proof and measurement of association between two things. American Journal of Psychology, 15(1), 72-101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1412159 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1412159
Stoddart, M. C., Tindall, D. D., Smith, J., & Haluza-Delay, R. (2017). Media access and political efficacy in the eco-politics of climate change: Canadian national news and mediated policy networks. Environmental Communication, 11(3), 386-400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2016.1275731 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2016.1275731
The World Bank. (2018). The World Bank Database. The World Bank. https://data.worldbank.org/
Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones de Costa Rica (2017). Padrón Electoral de Costa Rica. Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones de Costa Rica http://www.tse.go.cr/descarga_padron.htm
United Nations. (2020). Sustainable Development Goals. United Nations. https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/climate-change/
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change [UNFCCC] (2020). Climate Neutral Now. UNFCCC. https://unfccc.int/climate-action/climate-neutral-now#eq-2
Valenciano-Salazar, J. A., André, F. J., & Soliño, M. (2021). Societal awareness of environmental certifications in Costa Rica. Journal of Cleaner Production, 286, 124966. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124966 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124966
Valenciano-Salazar, J. A., André, F. J, & Martín-de-Castro, G. (2022). Sustainability and firms’ mission in a developing country: The case of voluntary certifications and programs in Costa Rica. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 65(11), 2029-2053. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2021.1950658 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2021.1950658
Van Loo, E. J., Caputo, V., Nayga, R. M., Seo, H. S., Zhang, B., & Verbeke, W. (2015). Sustainability labels on coffee: Consumer preferences, willingness-to-pay and visual attention to attributes. Ecological Economics, 118, 215-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.07.011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.07.011
Wang, H. J. (2016). Green brand positioning in the online environment. International Journal of Communication, 10, 1405-1427. https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/3996/1598
Wen-Tien, T. (2017). Implementation status of Taiwan carbon footprint (CFP) system and a case study of the Taiwan High Speed Rail Corporation. Sustainable Cities and Society, 35, 331-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2017.08.021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2017.08.021
Yiridoe, E. K., Clark, J., Marett, G. E., Gordon, R., & Duinker, P. (2003). ISO 14001 EMS standard registration decisions among Canadian organizations. Agribusiness, 19(4), 439-457. https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.10069 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.10069
Zhang, X., & Zhong, Z. J. (2020). Extending media system dependency theory to informational media use and environmentalism: A cross-national study. Telematics and Informatics, 50, 101378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2020.101378 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2020.101378
Zamith, R., Pinto, J., & Villar, M. (2012). Constructing climate change in the Americas: An analysis of news coverage in U.S. and South American newspapers. Science Communication, 35(3), 334-357. https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547012457470 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547012457470
Zeppel, H., & Beaumont, N. (2013). Assessing motivations for carbon offsetting by environmentally certified tourism enterprises. Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 24(3), 297-318. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2012.759982 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2012.759982
Cómo citar
APA
ACM
ACS
ABNT
Chicago
Harvard
IEEE
MLA
Turabian
Vancouver
Descargar cita
CrossRef Cited-by
1. Francisco J. André, Jorge A. Valenciano-Salazar. (2022). Voluntary carbon neutral programs. Adoption and firms’ strategies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 381, p.135191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.135191.
Dimensions
PlumX
Visitas a la página del resumen del artículo
Descargas
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2022 Innovar
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Todos los artículos publicados por Innovar se encuentran disponibles globalmente con acceso abierto y licenciados bajo los términos de Creative Commons Atribución-No_Comercial-Sin_Derivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
Una vez seleccionados los artículos para un número, y antes de iniciar la etapa de cuidado y producción editorial, los autores deben firmar una cesión de derechos patrimoniales de su obra. Innovar se ciñe a las normas colombianas en materia de derechos de autor.
El material de esta revista puede ser reproducido o citado con carácter académico, citando la fuente.
Esta obra está bajo una Licencia Creative Commons:
