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Innovación social y frugal: ¿de qué estamos hablando?
Social and frugal innovation: what are we talking about?
Inovação social e moderada : do que estamos falando?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v31n81.95576Palabras clave:
innovación frugal, innovación inversa, innovación social, medición (es)inovação frugal, inovação reversa, inovação social, medição (pt)
Social innovation, frugal innovation, reverse innovation, measurement (en)
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El concepto de innovación ha evolucionado con el paso del tiempo. A partir del siglo XX, este adquirió una connotación positiva y eminentemente tecnológica, pero, como reacción al paradigma tecnológico-económico prevalente, en la actualidad se estudian otras formas de innovación. En el marco de los trabajos sobre innovación, el propósito de este texto es aclarar los conceptos de innovación social y frugal, enfatizando su medición. El enfoque de la investigación es cualitativo basado en la revisión de la literatura. Entre las conclusiones destaca que la innovación social y frugal comparten características con la innovación tecnológica, pero para avanzar en su comprensión se deben reconocer sus particularidades e interrelaciones. Asimismo, es especialmente importante trabajar en propuestas sobre cómo medir innovaciones sociales y, sobre todo, frugales porque, comparado con la medición de la innovación tecnológica, este es un asunto mucho menos explorado.
The concept of innovation has evolved over time, gaining a positive and eminently technological connotation since the 20th century. Nevertheless, other forms of innovation are currently studied as a response to the prevailing techno-economic paradigm. Placed within the framework of innovation studies, the purpose of this article is to clarify social and frugal innovation concepts, making emphasis on their measurement. To do so, we adopt a qualitative research approach based on the review of existing literature on the subject. Results highlight that social and frugal innovations share some features with technological innovation, although distinguishing traits and relations among them should be deeply studied in order to advance in their understanding. Moreover, it is important to work on how to measure social and, especially, frugal innovations, since this subject is clearly less addressed than technological innovation measurement.
O conceito de inovação vem evoluindo com o passar do tempo. A partir do século XX, adquiriu uma conotação positiva e eminentemente tecnológica, mas, como reação ao paradigma tecnológico-econômico prevalente, na atualidade, são estudadas outras formas de inovação. No âmbito dos trabalhos sobre inovação, o objetivo deste texto é esclarecer os conceitos de inovação social e inovação moderada, com ênfase em sua avaliação. A abordagem da pesquisa é qualitativa, baseada na revisão da literatura. Entre as conclusões, destaca-se que a inovação social e a inovação moderada compartilham características com a inovação tecnológica, mas, para avançar em sua compreensão, devem ser reconhecidas suas particularidades e inter-relações. Além disso, é especialmente importante trabalhar em propostas sobre como avaliar a inovação tecnológica, o que é um assunto muito menos explorado.
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