Abstract
Performances of biocatalytic processes in industry are often limited by productivity, product concentration and biocatalyst stability. Reasons can be such as unfavourable reaction thermodynamics, low water solubility of the substrates or inhibition caused by high substrate or product concentrations. A way to overcome these limitations and to enhance economic competitiveness of the process can be process intensification (PI) using an alternative reaction medium. Very early in industrial biotransformation processes, it was shown that many interesting target products of organic synthesis are much more soluble and sometimes even more stable in non-conventional reaction media than in buffered aqueous solutions. Moreover, the absence of water is also generally desired to prevent side and degradation reactions as well as microbial contamination, which in turn eliminates the need to work under sterile conditions thereby reducing energy expenditure. In addition, it was also discovered early on that solvents can influence the activity and stability of enzymes quite differently depending on their water affinity and thus if they form rather monophasic or biphasic systems with the latter.
Funding source: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
Award Identifier / Grant number: Allianz Biotenside AZ: 031B0469C
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the editor Prof. Dirk Holtmann for his guidance and review of this article before its publication.
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Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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Research funding: None declared.
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