Abstract
Colloid titration has been widely used to determine the charge carried by macromolecules and the concentration of anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes in paper making and food service industries. This method is simple and the materials used are non-volatile and harmless, but it has not previously been used to determine the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) in wastewater produced from polymer flooding. In this paper, colloid titration was used to determine the HPAM in wastewater produced from polymer flooding in an oilfield. When the HPAM concentration (Cp) was <200 mg/l, the relationship between the Cp and the titration value (Vp) was linear. This linear relationship was influenced by the pH of wastewater and the hydrolysis degree of HPAM; Vp increased with the pH and the hydrolysis degree. However, it was independent of the concentration of solubilized crude oil and salt concentration in the wastewater and the molecular weight of the HPAM. Recovery tests showed that the determination of HPAM in the wastewater by colloid titration was reliable. It was also found that the colloid titration and starch iodide method had similar accuracies for determination of the HPAM and that colloid titration was a better method for the analyst.
This work was financially supported by the Key Technologies R&D Program of China (No. 2011ZX05024-004-10) and Science fund for Young Talent Training of Sichuan province (No. 2011JQ0045).
References
[1] Shan JC, Liu YG, Lu XG. Offshore Oil 2009, 29, 47–53. (in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
[2] Zhou SW, Han M, Zhang J, Xiang WT, Feng GZ. China Offshore Oil and Gas 2007, 19, 25–28. (in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
[3] Jiang SS, Jiang JR, Sun FJ, Zhang XS, Wang HJ, Tang EG. Offshore Oil 2009, 29, 37–42. (in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
[4] Zheng YM, Cheng H, Wang GD, Gao CJ. Pet. Process. Petrochem. 2009, 40, 65–68. (in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
[5] Ye ZB, Peng Y, Shi LT. Pet. Geol. Recovery Effic. 2008, 15, 59–62. (in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
[6] Gao BY, Jia YY, Zhang YQ. J. Environ. Sci. 2011, 23, 37–43.Search in Google Scholar
[7] Deng SB, Bai RB, Chen JP. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2009, 29, 207–216.Search in Google Scholar
[8] Zhao XF, Liu LX, Wang YC. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2008, 62, 199–204.Search in Google Scholar
[9] Zhang J, Sun XJ, Wang CL. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2003, 32, 93–98.Search in Google Scholar
[10] Qian JW, Xiang XJ, Yang WY, Wang M, Zheng BQ. Eur. Polym. J. 2004, 40, 1699–1704.Search in Google Scholar
[11] Daniel S, Lars W. Colloid Surf. A. 2003, 219, 161–172.Search in Google Scholar
[12] Taylor KC, Burke RA, Nasr-El-Din HA, Schramm LL. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2998, 21, 129–139.Search in Google Scholar
[13] Lu JH, Wu L. J. Agric. Food Chem.2001, 49, 4177–4182.Search in Google Scholar
[14] Lu JH, Wu L. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2002, 50, 5038–5041.Search in Google Scholar
[15] Taylor KC, Nasr-El-Din HA. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 1994, 12, 9–23.Search in Google Scholar
[16] Guo ZD, Wu YB, Huang HG. Oilfield Chem. 1999, 16, 167–170. (in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
[17] Song SF, Zhou B, Zhang SW, Sui L. Gangdong Chem. 2012, 39, 6–8. (in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
[18] Kam SK, Gregory J. Colloids Surf. A 1999, 159, 165–179.10.1016/S0927-7757(99)00172-7Search in Google Scholar
[19] Saveyn H, Hendrickx PMS, Dentel SK, Martins JC, Meeren PVD. Water Res. 2008, 42, 2718–2728.Search in Google Scholar
[20] Petzold G, Nebel A, Buchhammer HM, Lunkwitz K. Colloid Polym. Sci. 1998, 276, 125–130.Search in Google Scholar
[21] Lunkwitz G, Petzold K, Schwarz S. Chem. Eng. Tech. 2003, 26, 48–53.Search in Google Scholar
[22] Wagberg L, Nygren I. Colloids Surf. A 1999, 159, 3–15.10.1016/S0927-7757(99)00158-2Search in Google Scholar
[23] Gernandt R, Wagberg L, Gardlund L, Dautzenberg H. Colloids Surf. A 2003, 213, 15–25.10.1016/S0927-7757(02)00335-7Search in Google Scholar
[24] Muller M, Kessler B, Richter S. Langmuir 2005, 21, 7044–7051.10.1021/la050716dSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
©2013 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston
