English as the Academic Lingua Franca (ELFA) for research publication purposes: voices from Iraq and Turkey

References

Aitchison, Claire & Alison Lee. 2006. Research writing: Problems and pedagogies. Teaching in Higher Education 11(3). 265–278. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562510600680574.Search in Google Scholar

Al-Shaikhly, Sulaf & Jean Cui. 2017. Education in Iraq. https://wenr.wes.org/2017/10/education-in-Iraq (accessed 20 March 2022).Search in Google Scholar

Ammon, Ulrich. 2000. Towards more fairness in international English: Linguistic rights of non-native speakers? In Robert Phillipson (ed.), Rights to language: Equity, power and education, 111–116. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Search in Google Scholar

Andrews, Deborah C. & Margaret D. Blickle. 1982. Technical writing: Principles and forms. Pennsylvania: Macmillan.Search in Google Scholar

Arik, Beril T. & Engin Arik. 2014. The role and status of English in Turkish higher education. English Today 30(4). 5–10. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0266078414000339.Search in Google Scholar

Bardi, Mirela. 2015. Learning the practice of scholarly publication in English – A Romanian perspective. English for Specific Purposes 37. 98–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2014.08.002.Search in Google Scholar

Bennett, Karen. 2011. Academic writing in Portugal: I-discourses in conflict. Coimbra: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra/Coimbra University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Berkenkotter, Carol & Thomas N. Huckin. 1995. Genre knowledge in disciplinary communication. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Search in Google Scholar

Bisong, Joseph. 1995. Language choice and cultural imperialism. ELT Journal 49(2). 122–132.10.1093/elt/49.2.122Search in Google Scholar

Blommaert, Jan. 2010. The sociolinguistics of globalization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511845307Search in Google Scholar

Bordage, Georges. 2001. Reasons reviewers reject and accept manuscripts: The strengths and weaknesses in medical education reports. Academic Medicine 76(9). 889–896. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-200109000-00010.Search in Google Scholar

Bourdieu, Pierre. 1991. Language and symbolic power. Harvard: Harvard University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Canagarajah, Surah. 2002. A geopolitics of academic writing. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.10.2307/j.ctt5hjn6cSearch in Google Scholar

Cargill, Margaret & Patrick O’Connor. 2006. Developing Chinese scientists’ skills for publishing in English: Evaluating collaborating colleague workshops based on genre analysis. Journal of English for Academic Purposes 5. 207–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2006.07.002.Search in Google Scholar

Carter, Michael. 2007. Ways of knowing, doing, and writing in the disciplines. Faculty Composition and Communication 58(3). 385–419.Search in Google Scholar

Chien, Shih-Chieh. 2019. Writing for scholarly publication in English for Taiwanese researchers in the field of English teaching. Sage Open 9(3). 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019870187.Search in Google Scholar

Cho, Seonhee. 2004. Challenges of entering discourse communities through publishing in English: Perspectives of nonnative-speaking doctoral students in the United States of America. Journal of Language, Identity and Education 3(1). 47–72. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327701jlie0301_3.Search in Google Scholar

Cohen, Louis, Lawrence Manion & Keith Morrison. 2007. Research methods in education. New York: Routledge.10.4324/9780203029053Search in Google Scholar

Cooper, Robert L. 1989. Language planning and social change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Curry, Mary Jane & Theresa Lillis. 2004. Multilingual scholars and the imperative to publish in English: Negotiating interests, demands, and rewards. Tesol Quarterly 38(4). 663–688. https://doi.org/10.2307/3588284.Search in Google Scholar

Curry, Mary Jane & Theresa Lillis. 2010. Academic research networks: Accessing resources for English medium publishing. English for Specific Purposes 29(4). 281–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2010.06.002.Search in Google Scholar

Curry, Mary Jane & Theresa Lillis (eds.). 2017. Global academic publishing: Policies, perspectives and pedagogies. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.10.21832/9781783099245Search in Google Scholar

de Oliveira e Paiva, Vera Lúcia Menezes & Adriana Silvina Pagano. 2001. English in Brazil with an outlook on its function as a language of science. In Ulrich Ammon (ed.), The dominance of English as a language of science: Effects on other languages and language communities, 425–445. The Hague: Mouton de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110869484.425Search in Google Scholar

Duszak, Anna & Jo Lewkowicz. 2008. Publishing academic texts in English: A Polish perspective. Journal of English for Academic Purposes 7(2). 108–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2008.03.001.Search in Google Scholar

ElMalik, Abdullahi Tambul & Hilary Nesi. 2008. Publishing research in a second language: The case of Sudanese contributors to international medical journals. Journal of English for Academic Purposes 7(2). 87–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2008.02.007.Search in Google Scholar

Fanon, Fanon. 1967. Black skin, White masks. New York: Grove Press.Search in Google Scholar

Ferguson, Gibson. 2006. Language planning and education. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Ferguson, Gibson, Carmen Pérez‐Llantada & Ramón Plo. 2011. English as an international language of scientific publication: A study of attitudes. World Englishes 30(1). 41–59. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-971x.2010.01656.x.Search in Google Scholar

Flowerdew, John. 1999. Problems in writing for scholarly publication in English: The case of Hong Kong. Journal of Second Language Writing 8(3). 243–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1060-3743(99)80116-7.Search in Google Scholar

Flowerdew, John. 2001. Attitudes of journal editors to nonnative speaker contributions. Tesol Quarterly 35(1). 121–150. https://doi.org/10.2307/3587862.Search in Google Scholar

Flowerdew, John. 2008. Scholarly writers who use English as an additional language: What can Goffman’s “stigma” tell us? Journal of English for Academic Purposes 7(2). 77–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2008.03.002.Search in Google Scholar

Flowerdew, John. 2013. English for research publication purposes. In Brian Paltridge & Sue Starfield (eds.), The handbook of English for specific purposes, 301–321. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.10.1002/9781118339855.ch16Search in Google Scholar

Flowerdew, John & Yongyan Li. 2009. The globalization of scholarship: Studying Chinese scholars writing for international publication. In Rosa Manchón (ed.), Writing in foreign language contexts: Learning, teaching, and research, 156–182. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.10.21832/9781847691859-010Search in Google Scholar

Flowerdew, John & Simon Ho Wang. 2015. Identity in academic discourse. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 35. 81–99. https://doi.org/10.1017/s026719051400021x.Search in Google Scholar

Freire, Paulo. 1970. Pedagogy of the oppressed. London: Penguin.Search in Google Scholar

Garrett, Peter, Nikolas Coupland & Angie Williams. 2003. Investigating language attitudes: Social meanings of dialect, ethnicity and performance. Cardiff: University of Wales Press.Search in Google Scholar

Gosden, Hugh. 1996. Verbal reports of Japanese novices’ research writing practices in English. Journal of Second Language Writing 5(2). 109–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1060-3743(96)90021-1.Search in Google Scholar

Hamel, Rainer Enrique. 2007. The dominance of English in the international scientific periodical literature and the future of language use in science. AILA Review 20(1). 53–71. https://doi.org/10.1075/aila.20.06ham.Search in Google Scholar

Hanauer, David Ian & Karen Englander. 2013. Scientific writing in a second language. Anderson, SC: Parlor Press.Search in Google Scholar

Harb, Ihab. 2008. Higher education and the future of Iraq. USIP Special Report. https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/sr195.pdf (accessed 16 May 2022).Search in Google Scholar

Hyland, Ken. 2018. Participation in publishing: The demoralizing discourse of disadvantage. In Pejman Habibie & Ken Hyland (eds.), Novice writers and scholarly publication, 13–33. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.10.1007/978-3-319-95333-5_2Search in Google Scholar

Ingvarsdóttir, Hafdís & Birna Arnbjörnsdóttir. 2013. ELF and academic writing: A perspective from the expanding circle. Journal of English as a Lingua Franca 2(1). 123–145. https://doi.org/10.1515/jelf-2013-0006.Search in Google Scholar

Jaroongkhongdach, Woravut, Richard Watson Todd, Sonthida Keyuravong & David Hall. 2012. Differences in quality between Thai and international research articles in ELT. Journal of English for Academic Purposes 11. 194–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2012.04.006.Search in Google Scholar

Kachru, Braj. 1985. Standards, codification and sociolinguistic realism: English language in the outer circle. In Randolph Quirk & Henry Widowson (eds.), English in the world: Teaching and learning the language and literatures, 11–36. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Kachru, Braj B. 1986. The alchemy of English: The spread, functions and models of non-native Englishes. New York: Pergamon.Search in Google Scholar

Kaplan, Robert B. 2001. The dominance of English as a language of science: Effects on other languages and language communities. In Ulrich Ammon (ed.), The dominance of English as a language of science: Effects on other languages and language communities, 3–26. The Hague: Mouton de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110869484.3Search in Google Scholar

Kuteeva, Maria. 2020. If not English, then what? Unpacking language hierarchies at university. In Maria Kuteeva, Kathrin Kaufhold & Niina Hynninen (eds.), Language perceptions and practices in multilingual universities, 27–55. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.10.1007/978-3-030-38755-6_2Search in Google Scholar

Lei, Simon A. & Ning-Kuang Chuang. 2009. Undergraduate research assistantship: A comparison of benefits and costs from faculty and students’ perspectives. Education 130(2). 232–241.Search in Google Scholar

Li, Yongyan. 2005. Multidimensional enculturation: The case of an EFL Chinese doctoral student. Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 15(1). 153–170. https://doi.org/10.1075/japc.15.1.10li.Search in Google Scholar

Li, Yongyan. 2006. Negotiating knowledge contribution to multiple discourse communities: A doctoral student of computer science writing for publication. Journal of Second Language Writing 15(3). 159–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2006.07.001.Search in Google Scholar

Li, Yongyan & John Flowerdew. 2007. Shaping Chinese novice scientists’ manuscripts for publication. Journal of Second Language Writing 28(3). 100–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2007.05.001.Search in Google Scholar

Lillis, Theresa M. & Mary Jane Curry. 2010. Academic writing in global context. New York: Routledge.Search in Google Scholar

Matsuda, Paul Kei & Christine M. Tardy. 2006. Voice in academic writing: The rhetorical construction of author identity in blind manuscript review. English for Specific Purposes 26(2). 235–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2006.10.001.Search in Google Scholar

Medgyes, Péter & Robert B. Kaplan. 1992. Discourse in a foreign language: The example of Hungarian scholars. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 98. 67–100. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl.1992.98.67.Search in Google Scholar

Meneghini, Rogerio & Abel L. Packer. 2007. Is there science beyond English? Initiatives to increase the quality and visibility of non-English publications might help to break down language barriers in scientific communication. EMBO Reports 8(2). 112–116. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.embor.7400906.Search in Google Scholar

Montgomery, Scott L. & David Crystal. 2013. Does science need a global language? English and the future of research. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.10.7208/chicago/9780226010045.001.0001Search in Google Scholar

Nassi-Calò, Lilian. 2014. Non-native English-speaking authors and editors evaluate difficulties and challenges in publishing in international journals. https://blog.scielo.org/en/2014/05/19/non-native-english-speaking-authors-and-editors-evaluatedifficulties-and-challenges-in-publishing-in-international-journals (accessed 17 January 2023).Search in Google Scholar

Nature, Communications. (2023). https://www.nature.com/ncomms/submit/how-to-submit. (Accessed 20 October 2023).Search in Google Scholar

O’Neil, David. 2018. English as the lingua franca of international publishing. World Englishes 37(2). 146–165. https://doi.org/10.1111/weng.12293.Search in Google Scholar

Ostler, Nicholas. 2010. The last lingua franca: English until the return of Babel. London: Walker.Search in Google Scholar

Park, Joseph Sung-Yul & Lionel Wee. 2012. Markets of English: Linguistic capital and language policy in a globalizing world. New York: Routledge.Search in Google Scholar

Pérez-Llantada, Carmen, Ramón Plo & Gibson R. Ferguson. 2011. “You don’t say what you know, only what you can”: The perceptions and practices of senior Spanish academics regarding research dissemination. English for Specific Purposes 30(1). 18–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2010.05.001.Search in Google Scholar

Phillipson, Robert. 1992. Linguistic imperialism. Oxford: University of Oxford.Search in Google Scholar

Raban, Colin. 2018. Prospects for partnership collaboration between British and Iraqi universities. https://iraq.britishcouncil.org/sites/default/files/british_council_prospects_for_partnership_iraq_report.pdf (accessed 20 April 2022).Search in Google Scholar

Römer, Ute. 2011. Corpus research applications in second language teaching. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 31. 205–225. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0267190511000055.Search in Google Scholar

Ross, Pauline M., Shelley Burgin, Claire Aitchison & Janice Catterall. 2011. Research writing in the sciences: Liminal territory and high emotion. Journal of Learning Design 4(3). 14–27. https://doi.org/10.5204/jld.v4i3.77.Search in Google Scholar

Salager-Meyer, Françoise. 2008. Scientific publishing in developing countries: Challenges for the future. Journal of English for Academic Purposes 7(2). 121–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2008.03.009.Search in Google Scholar

Sionis, Claude. 1995. Communication strategies in the writing of scientific research articles by non-native users of English. English for Specific Purposes 14. 99–113.10.1016/0889-4906(95)00005-CSearch in Google Scholar

Spolsky, Bernard. 2004. Language policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Swales, John. 1990. Genre analysis: English in academic and research settings. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Tardy, Christine. 2004. The role of English in scientific communication: Lingua franca or Tyrannosaurus rex? Journal of English for Academic Purposes 3(3). 247–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2003.10.001.Search in Google Scholar

Tran, Trung, Thao-Phuong-Thi Trinh, Cuong-Minh Le, Linh-Khanh Hoang & Hiep-Hung Pham. 2020. Research as a base for sustainable development of universities: Using the Delphi method to explore factors affecting international publishing among Vietnamese academic staff. Sustainability 12(8). 34–49.10.3390/su12083449Search in Google Scholar

Uysal, Hacer Hande. 2012. Argumentation across L1 and L2 writing: Exploring cultural influences and transfer issues. Vigo International Journal of Applied Linguistics 9. 133–159.Search in Google Scholar

Uysal, Hacer Hande. 2014. English language spread in academia: Macro-level state policies and micro-level practices of scholarly publishing in Turkey. Language Problems and Language Planning 38(3). 265–291. https://doi.org/10.1075/lplp.38.3.03uys.Search in Google Scholar

Uysal, Hacer Hande & Batuhan Selvi. 2021. Writing centers as a solution to the problems of international scholars in writing for publication. International Online Journal of Education and Teaching 8(1). 288–309.Search in Google Scholar

van Dijk, Teun A. 1994. Editorial: Academic nationalism. Discourse & Society 5(3). 275–276. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957926594005003001.Search in Google Scholar

Yücel, Gökberk. 2020. Meşrutiyet’ten Cumhuriyet’e Ana Akım Siyasi Partiler (1889–1930). Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.Search in Google Scholar

Zall, Paul M. 1963. Elements of technical report writing. New York: Harper & Row.Search in Google Scholar