Abstract
This paper presents a new fault classification technique for Thyristor-Controlled Series-Compensated (TCSC) transmission lines using Support Vector Machine (SVM). The proposed technique is based on the utilization of post-fault magnitude of Rate-of-Change-of-Current (ROCC). Fault classification has been carried out by giving ROCC of three-phases and zero sequence current as inputs to SVM classifier. The performance of SVM as a binary-class, and multi-class classifier has been evaluated for the proposed feature. The validity of the suggested technique has been tested by modeling a TCSC based 400 kV, 300 km long transmission line using PSCAD/EMTDC software package. Based on the above model, a large number of diversified fault cases (41,220 cases) have been generated by varying fault and system parameters. The effect of window length, current transformer (CT) saturation, noise-signal, and sampling frequency have also been studied. It has been found that the proposed technique provides an accuracy of 99.98% for 37,620 test cases. Moreover, the performance of the suggested technique has also been found to be consistent upon evaluating in a 12-bus power system model consisting of a 365 kV, 60 Hz, 300 km long TCSC line. Comparative evaluation of the proposed SVM based technique with other recent techniques clearly indicates its superiority in terms of fault classification accuracy.
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Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
Appendix A: System parameters (2-bus power system) [23]
| Sources: |
| Positive sequence impedance (Zs 1 = Zs 2) = 1.32 + j 15 Ω (100%) |
| Zero sequence impedance = 2.33 + j 26.80 Ω (100%) |
| System frequency = 50 Hz |
| Transmission-line: Frequency dependent transmission line model, Length = 300 km, Voltage = 400 kV |
| TCSC parameters: L = 61.9 mH, C = 21.977 μF |
| CT ratio: 1000/1 A |
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