Abstract
Hygrothermal recovery (HTR) is an irreversible dimensional change that occurs when green wood is heated under wet conditions. Reaction wood presents a substantial dimensional change owing to HTR. In this study, the HTR of reaction wood was examined to understand the mechanisms of HTR. This study aimed to elucidate the HTR of tension wood, and particularly its temperature dependency. Two types of analyses were applied to the data measured, namely the two-phase exponential model and the time-temperature superposition analysis. The two-phase model was well fitted to the data and showed that the evolution of HTR could be divided into initial recovery and subsequent continuum contraction. The intensity of the initial recovery increased with increasing temperature. Continuum contraction was not well characterized in this study. Time–temperature superposition analysis provided an apparent activation energy of 326 kJ/mol, which suggests that HTR is a lignin-related phenomenon. A simulation based on the analysis also simulated HTR behavior at ambient temperature in a standing tree.
Funding source: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London
Award Identifier / Grant number: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative
Funding source: Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University
Award Identifier / Grant number: Exploratory Research on Humanosphere Science
Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge the Radioisotope Research Center in Nagoya University for the facility of the X-ray diffractometer and the Laboratory of Sustainable Materials in RISH, Kyoto University, for the facility of the microscope.
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Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: This work was supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Area Number JP8005/grant number JP19H05360), and the research grant for Exploratory Research on Sustainable Humanosphere Science from Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University.
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Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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